Faculty Publications
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Item Plant-Based Treatments for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Naik, S.; Udayakumar, D.; Issah, H.N.Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are long-term respiratory disorders characterized by airway inflammation, blockage, and oxidative stress. These conditions compromise lung function and negatively impact overall quality of life. While conventional medications are effective, they can often lead to undesirable side effects, sparking interest in alternative therapeutic approaches. Plant-based therapies, leveraging bioactive compounds found in medicinal herbs, present promising complementary or alternative options. Natural compounds like flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and bronchodilatory effects, which can help alleviate symptoms of asthma and COPD. This chapter explores the therapeutic potential of plant-based treatments, examining species like Boswellia serrata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Curcuma longa, which have demonstrated positive outcomes in both preclinical and clinical research. Topics include the mechanisms by which these phytochemicals exert therapeutic effects, their health benefits, and the challenges in incorporating plant-based remedies into conventional care. Additionally, the chapter discusses current research gaps and future directions to improve the safety, efficacy, and availability of plant-derived treatments for respiratory diseases, aiming to reduce dependence on synthetic medications. © 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Assessment of Asthma BAL Cytokines using Machine Learning Techniques(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Naik, P.P.; Mahesh, M.A.; Rajan, J.Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder characterised by airway inflammation and constriction, leading to difficulty in breathing and recurrent attacks of wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. In asthma, various cytokines, including interleukins (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-alpha), have been found to be increased in the airways of individuals. These cytokines are involved in the recruitment and activation of immune cells, such as eosinophils and T-lymphocytes, which contribute to the inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Dysregulation of cytokine production and signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and may be targeted by therapies to alleviate symptoms and improve outcomes in individuals with this disease. We propose a predictive binary and multi-class machine learning model analysis that efficiently classify the asthma and healthy control patients by detecting cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid which achieved better F1-score than existing approaches. © 2023 IEEE.