Faculty Publications

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    Investigation of aging effect on asphalt binders using thin film and rolling thin film oven test
    (ASTM International, 2019) Hemanth Kumar, V.H.; Suresha, S.N.
    The effect of short-term aging temperature according to Superpave protocol on rheological properties of asphalt binder using thin film oven (TFO) and rolling thin film oven (RTFO) test was investigated. To evaluate these different aging conditions, two types of unmodified binders and a crumb rubber modified binder (CRMB) was used at three different aging temperatures 163°C, 177°C, and 195°C. To simulate the effect of temperature used during the preparation of CRMB in laboratory and ideal mixing temperature corresponding to 170 ± 20 cP, 177°C and 195°C has been incorporated, respectively. The rheological characterizations of these binders were obtained using dynamic shear rheometer for before and after short-term aging. On the basis of rutting parameter, nonrecoverable creep compliances (Jnr) and percent recovery (%R), as well as the RTFO aging process were found to be more effective than the TFO test for all the selected oven temperatures. However, the complex shear modulus |G*| of the base binders were equivalent to modified binders at 195°C. Additionally, on the basis of frequency sweep test and viscosity curve, the effect of short-term aging in a sample was investigated. However, at 195°C, the flow properties were significantly different for unmodified base binder, except for rubberized binders. From this study, based on its characterization, it is possible to use TFO or RTFO tests at a higher temperature to simulate the aging process for rubber modified binder to the actual hot-mix asphalt process. © © 2019 by ASTM International.
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    Effects of coconut shell charcoal powder combined with SBS on rheological properties of asphalt binder
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Rahul, M.S.; Anjani, H.; T S, P.; Bhanu V, U.; Suresha, S.N.
    Conventional asphalt binders often suffer from inadequate stiffness, elasticity, and aging resistance under high temperatures and heavy traffic conditions. This study addresses these limitations by utilizing coconut shell charcoal powder (CSCP), a carbon-rich, porous biochar derived from agricultural waste, along with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer to enhance the rheological performance and sustainability of VG-30 asphalt binder. CSCP, incorporated at 2 %, 4 %, and 6 % by weight, provides high surface activity and thermal stability that improve binder stiffness and aging resistance, while 1 % SBS enhances elasticity and recovery through its elastomeric network. Rheological tests using the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), and linear amplitude sweep (LAS) on unaged, rolling thin-film oven (RTFO)-aged, and pressure aging vessel (PAV)-aged samples, supported by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, revealed that the dual-modified binder (CSMB6S1) achieved an optimal balance of stiffness and elasticity, exhibiting superior rutting resistance, fatigue life, and high-temperature stability. The results highlight the synergistic reinforcement between CSCP and SBS and demonstrate the potential of coconut shell–derived carbon as a sustainable modifier for high-performance asphalt pavements. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd.