Faculty Publications
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Item Impact of Enhanced Production from the Opencast Coal Mines on Ambient Particulate Emissions(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Podicheti, R.K.; Ram Chandar, K.R.Coal still continues to be the major source of energy needs. It is estimated that power sector alone would require about 900 Mt of coal by the year 2025. Such large quantity requires more surface mines causing the load on environment. Among the various environmental factors, air pollution is one of the most important parameters to be considered and the estimation of emissions from a mine at various stages of its operations is vital which helps in taking preventive measures against pollution. Given the significance of mining as a source of particulates, accurate characterization of emissions is important for the development of appropriate emission estimation techniques for use in modeling predictions and for regulatory decisions. Estimation of emissions in the ambient air quality with regard to enhanced production needs to be established regionally. Keeping this in view, two opencast coal mines in South India are selected to evaluate the emissions of PM10 and PM2.5 in the ambient air due to increased coal production and overburden removal. Emissions for these two mines have been studied from the year 2012 to 2019. It was observed that the PM10 values ranged from 152 to 229 µg/m3 in the core zone and 71 to 98.2 µg/m3in the buffer zone. Similarly, PM2.5 values ranged from 49.4 to 80.9 µg/m3in the core zone and 25.3 to 55.3 µg/m3 in the buffer zone. Particulate emissions have increased proportionately with respect to the quantity of coal produced and overburden removed. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Vehicular Pollution and Its Relationship with Meteorological Variables at Toll Plaza During Paryaya Festival in Udupi, Karnataka(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Charly, T.; Basavaraju, M.; Mulangi, R.H.The quantification of both air pollutants and noise is important to understand the impact of festival on pollution at toll plaza. Toll plazas can cause deterioration of air quality due to increased emission of pollutants caused by stop and go process. The present study was conducted at a toll plaza in front of National Institute of Technology, Karnataka, which is 39 kms from Udupi, Karnataka, to assess the impact of vehicular movement due to Paryaya festival, which was on the third week of January 2020 at Udupi, on noise and air pollution at study area. Data regarding meteorological parameters and traffic volume were also considered during the study. Experiments were carried out at toll plaza for one week, including pre- and post-festival days. In this study, a spearman correlation matrix between air pollutants and meteorological parameters (temperature, pressure, precipitable water content, relative humidity, and wind speed) were also investigated. The concentration of air pollutants (TSPM, SO2, CO2) and noise were more on the day of festival as the number of vehicles plying on the road was higher in number. Maximum positive correlation was observed between concentration of CO and precipitable water content (Ï â€‰= 0.900) and minimum between SO2 and precipitable water content (Ï â€‰= 0.000). Precipitable water content was positively correlated with all air pollutants (TSPM, NO2, CO, and CO2), and no correlation was observed with SO2. The results show the impact of increase in vehicular movement due to festival on the quality of ambient air and role of meteorology on urban air pollution. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.Item Industrial estate planning for Mangalore Taluk in Karnataka, using remote sensing and GIS(2006) Navalgund, L.; Shreedhara, V.; Srinikethan, G.The present work presents a technique to prepare zoning atlas to classify the environment and risks involved in siting an industry. Based on risks involved in a classified zone, the best-suited industries are recommended. Mangalore city has been taken as the study area has for the present work. Sensitivity of study area has been checked in terms of air pollution, surface water pollution and groundwater pollution. The study relies upon the database procured for this purpose from Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and Karnataka State Remote Sensing Technology, Bang lore. The database mainly comprises of topographic maps, thematic maps and groundwater information. Buffering and over-laying of the thematic maps have been carried out as per the guidelines of CPCB. © Enviromedia Printed in India. All rights reserved.Item Bio-fuel variants for use in CI engine at design and off-design regimes: An experimental analysis(2008) Bekal, S.; Ashok Babu, T.P.A.In this work an attempt has been made to study the ester based fuel variants derived from edible and inedible oil sources for identifying the most appropriate fuel variant and operating mode for running a CI engine based on performance and emission parameters. The twenty four fuel variants tested included esters obtained from the edible sunflower oil, inedible pongamia oil, and their higher and lower proportional blends with diesel. Besides, several other fuel variants obtained from the emulsification of water-in-ester (W/E) with different water proportions have been tested. Basing upon three operational variables, namely, injection timing, injection pressure, and load, comparisons are made in aspects of smoke emissions, NOX emissions, BSEC, and exhaust gas temperatures at the best injection timing. 21.5°, 23°, 24.5° and 27.5° bTDC as the four injection timings and 190, 220 and 250 bar as three injection pressures are considered for the overall study. The 264 sets of experiments conducted with these combinations, focussing on the full and partial load characteristics of the engine, show that both sunflower and pongamia oil esters exhibited similar characteristics in their engine performance, and in both the cases the best BSEC occurred with 220 bar injection pressure for most of the fuel variants, and for straight fuels the ideal injection timing found to be slightly retarded (1.5° crank angle) compared to diesel. However, 24.5° bTDC, normal for the engine, was found to be the most appropriate for the lower blends like B2 (2% ester by volume), B5 and emulsion with 10% water proportion. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.