Faculty Publications
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Item Effect of CO2 based natural circulation loop for low temperature applications: CFD analysis(Toronto Metropolitan University, 2019) Wahidi, T.; Nagrani, P.P.; Yadav, A.K.Natural circulation loop (NCL) is a simple and economical heat transfer device in which flow occurs due to the buoyancy effect caused by thermally generated density gradient. In the present study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses are carried out to emphasize on the fluid ow and heat transfer characteristics of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) based NCL at low temperature (-38°C to 12°C). Studies are conducted in a three-dimensional (3-D) CFD model of NCL at different heat inputs i.e., 100W, 250W, 350W and 500W by keeping the loop fluid at pressure of 50 bar. Methanol is used as coolant in the heat exchanger at a fixed mass flow rate. Effect of loop operating pressure 50 bar on system performance is also investigated. Result are presented in the form of heat transfer rate, pressure drop, Reynolds number (Re) and temperature. Obtained results are validated with available correlations in the form of non-dimensional numbers, and found in good agreement. © 2019, Toronto Metropolitan University. All rights reserved.Item Numerical Instability Assessment of Natural Circulation Loop Subjected to Different Heating Conditions(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Thimmaiah, S.; Wahidi, T.; Yadav, A.K.; Arun, M.Natural circulation loop (NCL) is a passive system in which the driving action of the buoyancy force establishes fluid circulation by overcoming the frictional force without the help of any external power source. NCLs are prone to several kinds of instabilities due to the nonlinearity of the natural convection process. In fact, it is an inability of NCLs to sustain themselves against small perturbations to which any physical system is subjected. This instability in fluid flow creates flow oscillation, chaotic non-linear dynamic behaviour and flow reversal. In this article, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations have been carried out for a range of supercritical pressures (80 bar to100 bar) and heat inputs (250 W to 2500 W) to do the comparative investigation of instability phenomenon in supercritical CO2-based regular natural circulation loop configured with two different types of heat sources, i.e. heater and isothermal wall at the source with a cold heat exchanger (CHX) at sink. Results show higher instabilities for heater-exchanger loop (Heater-CHX) than an isothermal heater with heat-exchanger loop (ISO-CHX). With an increase in heat input, loops attain stability at a faster rate for a given operating pressure. At a lower heat input, both the loops show bidirectional fluctuation, whereas it is unidirectional at high heat input. Nusselt number shows that the Heater-CHX loop’s heat transfer capability is more compared to ISO-CHX loops. Obtained results are validated with the existing correlations, and a good agreement is obtained. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.