Faculty Publications
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Item Examining the effects of vented dams on land use and land cover in the Shambhavi Catchment: a multitemporal sentinel imagery analysis(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Chandana, S.; Aishwarya Hegde, A.; Umesh, P.; Chandan, M.C.The rapid expansion of the global economy has given rise to concerning ecological consequences, notably a dramatic increase in land cover change (LCC). This section presents how to use the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform to explore the administrative divisions of the Southern Indian Dakshina Kannada (DK) district, which were chosen for their LCC susceptibility. Leveraging GEE, we generated a time series dataset tracking LCC over a 4-year period (2019–22). Our findings demonstrate an impressive overall accuracy (OA) of 96.30% for 2019 and 95.47% for 2022. A significant revelation in our study is the 13.64% reduction in forested areas, accompanied by a 0.68% increase in urban development within the district. This research attempt offers vital insights into the impact of dam construction on LCC, aiding informed decisions on water resource management. This research promotes a sustainable and ecologically conscious approach to holistic development in the study region and beyond. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Item Platform for mechatronics education using (1) mechatronics technology demonstrator and (2) web based virtual experimentation(American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) infocentral@asme.org, 2017) Shetty, D.; Umesh, P.; Gangadharan, K.Increasing demands on the productivity of complex systems, such as machine tools and their steadily growing technological importance will require the application of new methods in the product development process. This paper shows that the analysis of the simulation results from the simulation based mechatronic model of a complex system followed by a procedure that allows a better understanding of the dynamic behavior and interactions of the components. This paper will highlight the results of interaction between National Institute of Technology, (NITK) Surathkal, India and University of District of Columbia (UDC) in the area of Mechatronics and virtual testing. Mechatronics is a design philosophy, which is an integrating approach to engineering design. Through a mechanism of simulating interdisciplinary ideas and techniques, mechatronics provides ideal conditions to raise the synergy, thereby providing a catalytic effect for the new solutions to technically complex situations. Many real-world systems can be modeled by the mass-spring-damper system and hence considering one such system, namely Mechatronics Technology Demonstrator (MTD) is taken as the first example. MTD is a portable low cost, technology demonstrator that can be used for teaching mechatronics system design. The paper highlights design optimization of several mechatronic products using the procedures derived by the use of mass spring damper based mechatronic system. The second example is on web based virtual experimentation, where the experiment is conducted by remote triggering of Torsion Testing Machine. Remote triggered (RT) experimentation is a method of remotely controlling the laboratory equipment by an internet based system from a webpage. RT lab is an excellent way for the students to get access to expensive state of the art labs and equipment. The present work deals with the systematic approach of realizing a remote triggered experimentation on a horizontal torsional testing machine which can be triggered from a tablet PC or a laptop through an internet connection directed to the server computer system. RT lab algorithms are built in the server computer and the information and controls will be displayed on an html webpage where the experiment can be conducted. In this experiment the machine is remotely started through a command in the webpage which will be directed to the main server computer system from a wireless handheld internet enabled device such as laptops or tablet PCs and render the suitable graph of the experiment in the device. The experiment is completely in the control of the user. The person can either on/off the main equipment with the help of the device within the given slot of time and the data from the graph can be retrieved for further analysis. The first example uses a software platform of VisSim and the second example uses a software platform LabView. Although located in two different locations and countries, this paper examines the common mechatronics philosophy and the design approach used in modeling, simulation, optimization and virtual experimentation in building robust mechatronics product and procedures. © © 2017 ASME.Item Numerical investigation of wave interaction with pile breakwater(IEOM Society ieom-society@iieom.org, 2018) Rao, P.S.B.; Mathew, S.E.; Suvarna, P.; Hunasanahally Sathyanarayana, A.H.; Umesh, P.Pile breakwater consists of a number of piles spaced closely. It works similar to the offshore breakwater by attenuating the energy of the waves and it is due the turbulence caused because of wave-pile interaction. The efficiency of the pile breakwater of single row and two rows is investigated numerically. An open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software REEF3D is used in the present study. Initially the grid convergence study is conducted in a rectangular wave flume with a two-dimensional setup and the results are evaluated by comparing the numerical wave profile with the theoretical profile in accordance with the adopted wave theory. The efficiency of the numerically modelled pile breakwater is investigated in terms of the transmission coefficient. The simulations carried out are in accordance with the physical model studies as reported by Subba Rao et al., (1999). The numerically obtained results are validated with the experimental data. The numerically obtained results for the pile breakwater has shown an average of 91.5% agreement with that of experimental results. © IEOM Society International.Item An exploratory analysis of rainfall: A case study on western ghats of India(IEOM Society ieom-society@iieom.org, 2018) Rao, P.S.B.; Shetty, S.; Umesh, P.; Shetty, A.In this study high resolution 0.250 ×0.250 (approximately 25Km×25Km) gridded daily rainfall data is used to analyze the effect of changing climate on distribution of rainfall in different topographical zones of Western Ghats (WG) of India over the period 1901-2013. The non parametric two tailed Mann- Kendall with Hamed and Rao's method of autocorrelation and Sen's slope estimator for obtaining magnitude of change over time period is used. The rainfall trend in annual, monsoon and post-monsoon is increasing in state of Goa and Coastal region of Karnataka state and significantly decreasing in some part of Kerala and Maharashtra state. Winter season rainfall has seen a declined trend in southern part of the study area and in high elevated region of Kerala state. Even the mean rainfall over the study area is declining from 1951-1960 with disturbance in alternate sequence of flood and drought year from period 1990. The frequency of heavy rainfall events (65mm-124.4mm) are increasing in recent decades with 40-50% contribution from 2000-2013 in regions of Maharashtra state. The trend of heavy rainfall events are increasing in West Coast of India at 5% significance level with no trend in very heavy to extreme rainfall events (>124.5mm). © IEOM Society International.Item Experiential Learning of Strength of Materials and Fluid Mechanics using Virtual Labs(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020) Shetty, S.; Shetty, A.; Aishwarya Hegde, A.; Salian, A.B.; Akshaya; Umesh, P.; Gangadharan, K.V.Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have revolutionized the teaching and learning process. It provides personalized learning while being cost effective and highly scalable. Furthermore, the advancements in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have made it possible to deploy high fidelity, interactive web applications that provide seamless learning experience. However, the paucity of synergetic and adequate instructional support has demanded the quest for interactivity in MOOCs. Virtual Labs, an initiative by Government of India, aims to provide an interactive web interface to perform laboratory experiments (besides theoretical understanding of the subject) without affecting the experiential learning that is otherwise gained in the actual laboratory. This paper describes the design and development of Virtual Labs for two fundamentals courses of Civil and Mechanical engineering: Strength of Material (SOM) and Fluid Mechanics (FM). Subsequently, the outcomes of this work are discussed by analyzing the data collected from past four years, which reveals that these labs are an useful means to provide easy, cost effective and scalable solutions for online experiential learning. © 2020 IEEE.Item Remotely operated marine rescue vehicle(American Institute of Physics Inc. subs@aip.org, 2020) Shetty, N.B.; Rao, N.; Umesh, P.; Gangadharan, K.V.Drowning is the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in liquid which leads to death, permanent or temporary disability. People living close to the water bodies or involved in water related activities are prone to drowning. When a victim is identified to be drowning, the first response would be to bring him out of water at the earliest. The urgency of the situation causes lifeguards and rescue personnel to put themselves at risk to save the victim. Provided early buoyancy, victims in distress are presented with a chance of keeping afloat until assistance arrives. Lifesaving equipment's such as ring-buoys (life-buoys) are purpose-designed to provide flotation. By using a low-cost drone to act as a flotation device the risk of drowning may be lowered for both the victim as well as for the rescuer. This drone or robot must be easy to deploy, light weight, reliable, low cost and capable to carry average person to safety. The proposed product is a modified ring buoy controlled by a remote. The ring buoy size is standard SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea) approved, which has been proved to work under extreme sea conditions. The external attachment consists of underwater thruster for propulsion and watertight container containing electronics and battery. The ground station includes operator with transmitter and micro-controller. The project on full implementation aims to have major impact in reducing risks involved in saving drowning people and in aiding the population dwelling by the water bodies in their daily occupational activities. © 2020 Author(s).Item Experiential Learning of Physio-Chemical and Bacteriological Properties of Water using Virtual Labs(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020) Shetty, S.; Shetty, A.; Aishwarya Hegde, A.; Salian, A.B.; Akshaya; Umesh, P.; Gangadharan, K.V.Virtual Labs, an initiative by the Government of India under the National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has revolutionized the teaching and learning process for laboratory courses in the science and engineering disciplines. The web-based laboratories provided by the Virtual Labs project enable personalized learning while being cost effective and highly scalable. This approach helps to quickly learn the fundamental concepts of science and engineering through virtual experimentation, fosters curiosity and innovation among students, and prevents laboratory hazards. In this paper, we describe the design and development of two web-based virtual laboratories that simulate the fundamental concepts of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering. The proposed virtual labs provide a detailed explanation of the experiments in the respective engineering domains, and reagents and apparatuses involved while performing the experiments. The outcomes of this work are evaluated by analyzing the feedback collected from the users of these virtual labs, which reveals that the labs are an useful means to provide easy, cost effective and scalable solutions for online experiential learning. © 2020 IEEE.Item Conceptualization and Design of Remotely-Accessible Hardware Interface (RAHI) Laboratory(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH info@springer-sbm.com, 2021) Potdar, S.M.; Gupta, V.; Umesh, P.; Gangadharan, K.V.With the rising popularity of e-learning through means like Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), remote-triggered and virtual laboratories, new and innovative technologies for enhancing the learning experience are in demand. E-learning resources for electronics hardware are generally simulation-based, as getting access to high-end hardware is difficult for students due to cost and availability. In this paper, a novel method to create a remotely-accessible, low-cost, modular, and scalable hardware learning platform is proposed and demonstrated through a prototype. Users can interact with the system through a web interface anytime-anywhere and verify results on actual hardware through real-time visual and textual feedback and learn at their pace. The prototype demonstrates a web application hosted on a Linux-PC server interacting with a Raspberry Pi. Student activities are logged in a database for future reference and correction by instructors. The software stack used for the system is free and open-source. The prototype system was launched on a pilot run, gaining positive feedback from students and teachers. Hence, such a system can undergo comprehensive implementation in educational institutions and for the delivery of MOOCs with minimal investment for both laboratory setups and learners. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Lineament Extraction from Open-Source Digital Elevation Models: A Comparative Analysis(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Shetty, S.; Umesh, P.; Shetty, A.The extraction of lineaments from Digital Elevation Models plays an important role in inhospitable and inaccessible mountain forest areas. In this study, the lineaments extracted from different data acquisition techniques; stereo pairs (ALOS (30m), ASTER (30m), CARTOSAT (30m)), and InSAR (SRTM (30m, 90m), TanDEM-X (90m)) are compared. There is a quantifiable difference in the extracted lineaments from 30m and 90m resolution DEMs due to the different data acquisition methods and processing algorithms used. CARTOSAT provides a more number of lineaments than other DEMs. The length of the lineaments extracted is inversely proportional to the vertical accuracy of the DEM over the region. All the DEMs have a consistency in the orientation of the lineament extracted. The DEMs generated from stereo-images have shown higher lineament density than the DEMs acquired through the InSAR technique. This study shows the difference in the lineament extracted from the same resolution DEMs acquired through various acquisition techniques and helps in the selection of suitable DEM for lineament extraction in the dense forest area. © 2021 IEEE.Item Automatizing the Khasra Maps Generation Process Using Open Source Software: QGIS and Python Coding Language(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Sharma, R.; Beg, M.K.; Bhojaraja, B.E.; Umesh, P.Humans are trying to acquire a piece of land from the time they have come into existence. In modern era, the management of land and its ownership is taken up by the Land and Revenue Department of the State. In order to do that, they need maps with specific objectives, so that even a laymen can understand and use it. The process explained in this paper automate the process of map making after getting the digitized shapefile of the khasra (property identification number), as a single village is divided into numerous grids and it is a tedious work and can have lots of errors while doing it manually. So in order to do the process in swift manner and without having any errors, the process was developed using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) and Python. The proposed method involves making the use of models built in QGIS along with the Python console. It helps to run the whole process on its own with taking the required input parameters and storing the outputs in a specific folder designed for them. The requirement of the project was to do the same operations on a village file and to get the final khasra map from the village polygon file. Depending upon the village area and its dimensions, the numbers of grids for a particular village is decided and the same GIS tools need to be run on each grid files which make this process a tedious work and more prone to errors. By making use of the method suggested in the paper, all the work can be done error proof with the use of Python. The use of Python code helps to do work in just couple of seconds which would have taken days to complete. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.