Faculty Publications
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Item Manufacturing of Low Cost Concrete by Using Paper Industry Waste(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2020) Gnanasundar, G.V.; Thangaraj, P.; Shanmugam, T.Manufacture of Ordinary Portland cement needs large amount of earth resources and also releases enormous amount of green house gases during its production which adversely affect the environment. Therefore an alternative to cement usage in construction can make a huge impact on reducing environmental pollution. Paper making industries generally produces large amount of solid wastes. To reduce disposal and pollution problems emanating from these industrial wastes, it is most essential to develop profitable building materials from them. Therefore in order to resolve the disadvantages of both these sides, an attempt is made to use these paper industrial wastes known as hypo sludge as replacement of cement for a concrete. Hence it avoids environmental pollution due to usage of cement and also solves the problem of mass disposal of these wastes. This hypo sludge behaves like cement because of its silica, lime and magnesium components. These components improve the setting of the concrete and also provide necessary strength for the concrete. Keeping this in view, investigations were done to produce low cost concrete by blending various ratios of cement with sludge. The project deals with experimental investigations on strength of concrete and optimum percentage of the partial replacement of cement by 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% hypo sludge and finding out the strength of blended materials. The percentage of cost saved due to replacement is also found out. This project definitely has a major impact on environmental production reduction. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Item Strength aspects of High Performance Concrete by using Waste Material as replacement of Fine Aggregate in various percentages(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2020) Gnanasundar, G.V.; Thangaraj, P.; Shanmugam, T.High Performance Concrete (HPC) is becoming extremely popular now a day in applications, which require substantial improvements in structural capacity and resistance to aggressive environments. Several researchers have tried different mineral admixtures like Fly Ash (FA), Silica Fume (SF) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) in producing HPC. These admixtures are generally by-products of other industries and hence their properties are not identical and it is very difficult to assure the quality. This paper proposes a relatively new mineral admixture called High-Reactivity Metakaolin (HRM) with potential utility in the production of High Performance Concrete. In recent years Metakaolin is identified as a new pozzolanic admixture which is cost effective, cheaper and can also be considered as best alternative to micro silica. To achieve the economy, Metakaolin which is derived from purified kaolin clay is adding with ordinary Portland cement as partial replacement. In additional strength add with Glass fiber to use for ordinary Portland cement. The Fiber used in this investigation is E-Glass fiber made from glass material of size 6mm and 12mm diameter respectively. Except for control concrete, quarry waste fine aggregate was used in all concretes as a partial replacement of natural sand. The effects of quarry waste fine aggregate on several fresh and hardened properties of the concretes were investigated. It was found that quarry waste fine aggregate and waste recycling coarse aggregate enhanced the slump and slump flow of the fresh concretes. But the unit weight and air content of the concretes were not affected. The overall test results revealed that quarry waste fine aggregate can be utilized in concrete mixtures as a good substitute of natural sand. The experimental work comprises of Compressive Strength test, Split Tensile strength test and Flexure test was conducted. In this experimental investigation, M30 grade were obtained by replacing 0 to 15% replacement of quarry dust instead of Fine aggregate, 0 to 10% of Metakaolin added as supplementary in cement. It shows better result in the mix of 7.5% of Metakaoiln, 0.5% of fiber and 10% of quarry dust in concrete. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Item A comprehensive review on cement-based batteries and their performance parameters(Institute for Ionics, 2023) Sundaramoorthi, A.; Thangaraj, P.Cement-based battery is a new area of research that is gaining popularity with the evolving idea of developing multifunctional and smart building solutions. This is deemed as a concept stirring revolution, because of the ability of the buildings to store energy and then power certain electronic applications. The core principle behind the development of cement-based batteries is the characteristics of the cement electrolyte acting as ionic conductor thereby facilitating the migration of ions between the electrodes. This review paper presents a compilation of works carried out by various researchers working towards the development of cement-based batteries along with a review on the various performance assessment parameters used by the authors, related to cement-based battery systems. In addition to the earlier works, the scope for future works in the development of cement-based batteries and the current work in progress from the authors’ front are reported as well. © 2023, The Author(s).Item Structural behavior of a single bay two-story basalt fiber reinforced concrete frame; Ponašanje jednorasponskoga dvoetažnog betonskog okvira armiranog bazaltnim vlaknima(Croatian Association of Civil Engineers, 2022) Gnanasundar, G.V.; Thangaraj, P.; Shanmugam, T.G.This study focuses on structural design, which is a primary aspect of civil engineering. Investigating the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) frame systems subjected to lateral loading and estimating the damage state of a structure still remain challenging tasks in civil engineering. Reinforced concrete is currently used in a majority of constructions and Conventional buildings remain vulnerable to seismic earthquakes. The aim of this research is to identify how well RC frames with basalt and steel fibers perform under cyclic loading. Steel and basalt fibers are chopped to a size of 2.5 cm. The reinforcements details are made according to IS 13920-2016. The concrete specimen used for this work is in the form of a single-bay, two-story frame, which is composed of reinforced concrete along with chopped steel and basalt fibers of two different proportions. Three frames are cast. One is a RC concrete frame with no fiber materials (conventional concrete) and the other two frames are cast with different proportions of fiber content. The basalt fiber is added to the specimens in proportions of 0.25 % and 0.50 %. The experimental outcome attained from the specimens of 0.25 % of basalt fibre has superior load-carrying capacity as well as minimum story drift than the other two frames. The ductile behavior of BFRC is increased compared to that in conventional ones. It is observed that the crack width of the BFRC is less when compared to that in the conventional concrete. © 2022, Croatian Association of Civil Engineers. All rights reserved.Item STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BASALT FIBER-REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS AND BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS: AN EXPERMENTAL INVESTIGATION(Institute of Metals Technology, 2025) Moorthy, G.V.; Thangaraj, P.; Shanmugham, T.This study presents an experimental investigation into the structural behavior of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete (BFRC) beams and beam-column joints under cyclic loading conditions. The research aims to explore the mechanical enhancements provided by basalt fibers, particularly in improving tensile strength, ductility, crack resistance, and overall load-bearing capacity. Basalt fibers with a diameter of 30 ?m and a length of 25 mm were incorporated at optimal volume fractions of 0.250 % within the concrete matrix. The study examines the effect of the fiber content, fiber orientation, and mix properties on the mechanical properties of BFRC. The results indicate a significant improvement in the flexural and impact resistance, suggesting its suitability for structural applications. The investigations further extend to beam-column joints, demonstrating enhanced seismic resilience, stiffness, and energy dissipation. The findings highlight the potential of BFRC as a sustainable and durable material for modern construction, particularly in seismic-prone regions. © 2025 The Author(s).