Faculty Publications
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Item A comparative study on properties of porous friction course mixes with neat bitumen and modified binders(2009) Suresha, S.N.; George, V.; Ravi Shankar, A.U.R.This paper summarises details of the laboratory investigation on the effect of various binders on the performance and durability of porous friction course (PFC) mixes. Three different modified binders and neat bitumen were investigated for three different aggregate gradations at two predetermined binder contents. The performance was evaluated in terms of stone-on-stone contact condition, air voids, and hydraulic-conductivity of compacted PFC mixes. The structural durability was investigated based on aged abrasion loss and moisture susceptibility. The findings provide a better understanding of the effect of each binder type on the performance and durability of PFC mixes. Crown Copyright © 2008.Item State of the art review on mix design and mechanical properties of warm mix asphalt(Taylor and Francis Ltd. michael.wagreich@univie.ac.at, 2019) Shiva Kumar, G.; Suresha, S.N.Warm mix asphalt (WMA) is a high-speed emerging technology of producing asphalt mixture at lower temperature with equivalent performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA). It offers benefits such as energy savings, compaction aid for stiffer mixes, reduces emission, and reduces asphalt binder aging during production. This paper is an overview of mix design concept, mix design properties and mechanical properties (moisture-induced damage, rutting resistance and fatigue life) of WMA and same was compared with the properties of control HMA mixtures. Review indicates that mix design concept of WMA is similar to that of control HMA and possesses better mix design properties. Regarding mechanical properties, WMA mixtures were found more prone to moisture-induced damage, rutting and fatigue than control HMA mixtures due to lower production temperature but similar or better resistance were noticed with the use of modified and higher grade binders, addition of anti-stripping agents (ASA) and hydrated lime (HL), use of open graded mix and inclusion of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). Further, the effect of nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) and design gyration (Ndesign) on mix design, NMAS and aggregate type and its water absorption on moisture-induced damage, NMAS, wheel load, test temperature, air voids, and binder grade on rutting, and NMAS, air voids, and stress or strain levels on fatigue properties of asphalt mixtures were analysed. Results indicated that NMAS had the significant effect on moisture-induced damage, rutting resistance and fatigue life of WMA mixtures. WMA mixtures made with aggregates of higher water absorption values were more prone to moisture-induced damage and even fail to meet minimum (tensile strength ratio) TSR requirements. Results also indicated that WMA mixtures made with modified and higher grade binder grade were high rut resistant. WMA mixtures tested at high stress or strain levels shows higher fatigue damage compared to WMA mixtures tested at lower stress or strain levels. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Item Investigation of aging effect on asphalt binders using thin film and rolling thin film oven test(ASTM International, 2019) Hemanth Kumar, V.H.; Suresha, S.N.The effect of short-term aging temperature according to Superpave protocol on rheological properties of asphalt binder using thin film oven (TFO) and rolling thin film oven (RTFO) test was investigated. To evaluate these different aging conditions, two types of unmodified binders and a crumb rubber modified binder (CRMB) was used at three different aging temperatures 163°C, 177°C, and 195°C. To simulate the effect of temperature used during the preparation of CRMB in laboratory and ideal mixing temperature corresponding to 170 ± 20 cP, 177°C and 195°C has been incorporated, respectively. The rheological characterizations of these binders were obtained using dynamic shear rheometer for before and after short-term aging. On the basis of rutting parameter, nonrecoverable creep compliances (Jnr) and percent recovery (%R), as well as the RTFO aging process were found to be more effective than the TFO test for all the selected oven temperatures. However, the complex shear modulus |G*| of the base binders were equivalent to modified binders at 195°C. Additionally, on the basis of frequency sweep test and viscosity curve, the effect of short-term aging in a sample was investigated. However, at 195°C, the flow properties were significantly different for unmodified base binder, except for rubberized binders. From this study, based on its characterization, it is possible to use TFO or RTFO tests at a higher temperature to simulate the aging process for rubber modified binder to the actual hot-mix asphalt process. © © 2019 by ASTM International.Item Chemical and rheological characteristics of accelerate aged asphalt binders using rolling thin film oven(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Suresha, S.N.; Vijayakumar, A.S.The SUPERPAVE (Superior Performance Pavements) system and design method uses a rolling thin film oven (RTFO) test in the laboratory to simulate short-term ageing. The accelerated asphalt ageing method to simulate the long-term ageing. Whereas the method accelerated asphalt ageing using a pressure ageing vessel (PAV) takes an extended period of time to prepare the samples. In this case, the present study is an attempt to achieve accelerated long-term aged binder similar to that of PAV by running multiple cycles of RTFO maintained at 163 °C for a duration of 85 min per cycle. To achieve this, two unmodified binders of PG 70-XX were obtained from two different sources, and a styrene–butadienestyrene (SBS) modified binder of PG 64-XX was selected. The rheological characteristics such as viscosity at elevated temperature using rotational viscometer (RV), rutting and fatigue parameters using dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), the chemical characteristics such as carbonyl and sulfoxide indices using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are used to compare between the RTFO and PAV aged binders. The rheological results suggest that, to produce an accelerated aged binder using RTFO for unmodified and SBS modified asphalt binder with respect to G*sin?, the RTFO duration of 5 h 20 min and 6 h can be used as alternative for ASTM D6521 respectively. In additions, the rutting parameter G*/sin? shows to match its PAV aged binder properties at 256 ± 6 min for both PG 70-XX, and 269 min for PG 64-XX modified binder. Further, the variations in functional group concentration and changes in volatile mass are limited the achievement of specific RTFO duration. © 2020 Elsevier LtdItem Effects of coconut shell charcoal powder combined with SBS on rheological properties of asphalt binder(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Rahul, M.S.; Anjani, H.; T S, P.; Bhanu V, U.; Suresha, S.N.Conventional asphalt binders often suffer from inadequate stiffness, elasticity, and aging resistance under high temperatures and heavy traffic conditions. This study addresses these limitations by utilizing coconut shell charcoal powder (CSCP), a carbon-rich, porous biochar derived from agricultural waste, along with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer to enhance the rheological performance and sustainability of VG-30 asphalt binder. CSCP, incorporated at 2 %, 4 %, and 6 % by weight, provides high surface activity and thermal stability that improve binder stiffness and aging resistance, while 1 % SBS enhances elasticity and recovery through its elastomeric network. Rheological tests using the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), and linear amplitude sweep (LAS) on unaged, rolling thin-film oven (RTFO)-aged, and pressure aging vessel (PAV)-aged samples, supported by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, revealed that the dual-modified binder (CSMB6S1) achieved an optimal balance of stiffness and elasticity, exhibiting superior rutting resistance, fatigue life, and high-temperature stability. The results highlight the synergistic reinforcement between CSCP and SBS and demonstrate the potential of coconut shell–derived carbon as a sustainable modifier for high-performance asphalt pavements. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd.