Faculty Publications

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Sequential Fusion Based Approach for Estimating Range Gate Pull-Off Parameter in a Networked Radar System: An ECCM Algorithm
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Lingadevaru, P.; Pardhasaradhi, B.; Srihari, P.
Networked radar is an emerging and effective alternative to traditional radar systems to provide improved performance by fusing information from multiple radars. Further, networked radar systems (NRS) have found numerous deployments in military and civilian infrastructures in recent years. Electronic countermeasures (ECM) like jamming, Range Gate Pull-Off (RGPO), and Velocity Gate Pull-Off (VGPO) generally pose a high risk to the radar systems by injecting intentional interference. This paper proposes networked radar to detect the RGPO ECM attack and estimate the range gate deception parameter of the deceived local track in an NRS. Each radar comprises a local tracker to provide the local estimates (updated state and updated covariance), and these estimates are then sent to the fusion node. Thereafter, a track-to-track association (T2TA) is formulated at the fusion node to detect the deceived tracks using all the available local tracks. For the deceived track, the pseudo-measurements are created using the inverse Kalman filter-based tracklets. All the local tracks except deceived track are compensated and sequentially fused to create a reference measurement. After that, the deception parameter of the deceived track is estimated by using pseudo-measurement and the reference measurement by employing the recursive least square estimator (RLSE). In addition, the proposed algorithm is analyzed for single and multiple RGPO based ECM scenarios. Further, the Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) for the proposed methodology is derived. The results are quantified with a Position Root Mean Square Error (PRMSE), CRLB, innovation test, normalized estimation error squared (NEES) test, and confidence interval. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed estimation technique provides good performance in the presence of all the local tracks are being attacked by RGPO ECM. Besides, it is evident from the results that estimator efficiency is falling below the 5% tail probability of the chi-square distribution. © 2013 IEEE.
Constrained radar waveform optimization for a cooperative radar-communication system
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Mahipathi, A.C.; Gunnery, S.; Srihari, P.; D'Souza, J.; Jena, P.
The coexistence of radar-sensing and communication systems research has received a surge of interest in recent times to tackle the issue of spectrum inadequacy. Designing an optimized radar waveform for a coexistence scenario has been a challenging task for accomplishing the convergence of radar-sensing and communication functionalities, without degrading the performance at either end. This paper proposes a novel global optimization-based Spatial Branch and Bound (SBnB) approach to optimize the phase coefficients of a Non-Linear Frequency Modulated (NLFM) waveform in a CRCS framework. In addition, the Modified-Power Ratio Constraint-Cramér–Rao Lower Bound (M-PRC-CRLB), a local optimization-based approach is proposed to optimize the phase coefficients of an NLFM waveform. The spectral energy distribution and auto-correlation characteristics of an NLFM waveform are comprehensively investigated for various values of polynomial order (N) and at different threshold Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) values. To compare the proposed waveform design approaches (M-PRC-CRLB, SBnB) with the existing waveform design approaches namely, Minimum Estimation Error Variance (MEEV) and PRC- CRLB, a Peak-to-Side-Lobe-Ratio (PSLR), and Integrated-Side-Lobe-Ratio (ISLR) are evaluated at various polynomial orders and threshold SNR values. Furthermore, the performance of a CRCS is assessed using the radar estimation rate and communication data rate. The simulation results reveal that the proposed optimized radar waveform design approaches provide improved performance compared to the existing radar waveform design approaches in terms of radar estimation rate. Further, the proposed global optimization-based SBnB approach achieves a comparable performance of the communication data rate. In addition, the proposed approaches accomplish enhanced spectral utilization, controlled side-lobe energy levels, reduced range-domain ambiguities, and a higher information rate in a CRCS. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Optimum Waveform Selection for Target State Estimation in the Joint Radar-Communication System
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Mahipathi, A.C.; Pardhasaradhi, B.P.; Gunnery, S.; Srihari, P.; D'Souza, J.; Jena, P.
The widespread usage of the Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum for wireless and mobile communication systems generated a significant spectrum scarcity. The Joint Radar-Communication System (JRCS) provides a framework to simultaneously utilize the allocated radar spectrum for sensing and communication purposes. Generally, a Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) based receiver is applied to mitigate mutual interference in the JRCS configuration. However, this SIC receiver model introduces a communication residual component. In response to this issue, the article presents a novel measurement model based on communication residual components for various radar waveforms. The radar system's performance within the JRCS framework is then evaluated using the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM). The radar waveforms considered in this investigation are rectangular pulse, triangular pulse, Gaussian pulse, Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) pulse, LFM-Gaussian pulse, and Non-Linear Frequency Modulated (NLFM) pulse. After that, the Kalman filter is deployed to estimate the target kinematics (range and range rate) of a single linearly moving target for different waveforms. Additionally, range and range rate estimation errors are quantified using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) metric. Furthermore, the Posterior Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (PCRLB) is derived to validate the estimation accuracy of various waveforms. The simulation results show that the range and range rate estimation errors are within the PCRLB limit at all time instants for all the designated waveforms. The results further reveal that the NLFM pulse waveform provides improved range and range rate error performance compared to all other waveforms. © 2020 IEEE.

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