Faculty Publications
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Item Spatial variation in drainage characteristics and geomorphic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH); implications for watershed management-A case study of the Varada River basin, Northern Karnataka(2011) Bhagwat, T.N.; Shetty, A.; Hegde, V.S.Geomorphological characteristics can be treated as signatures of hydrological responses. Geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) is of utmost use in planning watershed management programs on a broad scale in absence of hydrologic data. Fifth order basins from different agroclimatic zones in the Varada River basin were selected to understand the spatial variation in drainage characteristics. These sub-basins show significant differences in their morphometric properties such as basin area, drainage density, bifurcation ratio, circularity ratio, constant of channel maintenance etc. These differences reflect variation in the hydrological process and geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) of different sub-basins and can be used to understand watershed management aspects. Fifth order sub-basin in the Southern Transition agroclimatic zone is potential for artificial recharge programs. Sub-basins in the Hilly non-forest zone on the north are ideal for surface water storage like tank development program while Forested Hilly zone on the north are environmentally sensitive and prone to erosion. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.Item Land cover change and its implications to hydrological variables and soil erodibility in Lower Baro watershed, Ethiopia: a systematic review(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Deneke, F.; Shetty, A.; Fufa, F.Water-induced soil erodibility is the most severe kind of land degradation, with substantial environmental and social consequences. Few studies have been conducted on land cover change and soil erodibility in Ethiopia. During the data search, 83 articles were looked at, with studies published from 2007 to 2022. Only 2% of the abstracts that were considered for assessment were eventually accepted. The review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and a meta-analysis approach. According to this study, when compared to the values predicted in the river basin’s master plan, Baro Akobo’s estimated surface water potential has been reduced by about 3.6 Bm3. As a result, changes in land cover affected a variety of fundamental processes in watersheds, at several spatial and temporal scales. As a result, of the reviewed, in lower Baro, built-up/settlement, agricultural land, water body, bare/outcrop, and commercial farm all rose by roughly + 195, + 48, + 35, + 35, and + 1%, respectively. Shrubland, rangeland, forest land, and wetland, on the other hand, all decreased by − 1, − 0.5, − 5, and − 10%, respectively. The K-factors are 0.31, 0.23, 0.14, and 0.07 for chromatic vertisols, humic cambisols, eutric cambisols, and eutric nitosols, respectively. From the results of the review studies, the RUSLE looks to be a good alternative for assessing soil erodibility in lower Baro, and soil water conservation measures are crucial for minimizing soil erodibility. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Integrated spatial and temporal variability of the system water use efficiency in a lower Baro River watershed, Ethiopia(IWA Publishing, 2023) Befikadu, F.; Shetty, A.; Fufa, F.The Baro Akobo River is representative of lower Baro watersheds with lost soils. Under eight landscapes, the geospatial and temporal variability of system water use efficiency (sWUE) were examined in a total area of 20,325 km2. This study used GIS, RS, Cropwat8.0, and EasyFit software. The anticipated irrigation requirement for the selected crop’s driest five months of May, February, March, January, and April was 1, 0.9, 0.78, 0.78, and 0.34 l/s/h, respectively. The sub-catchment had maximum critical test values of σ = 12.6, μ = 11.9, and γ = 0, while Sor Metu showed the smallest value of 0.80, 1.75, and 0.03. Across the watershed, the sWUE varies with runoff, with a coefficient of variation of 71%. The overall accuracy of the land cover change was 81%, the Landsat 8 images of the soil-adjusted vegetation index showed a maximum value of 0.87 and a minimum of 1.5. The normalized vegetation index ranged from a maximum of 0.58 to a minimum of 1. By 2050, the sWUE will be 10% lower temporally, but its spatial variability will be 25% higher. Therefore, soil infiltration and water storage improve, which decreases runoff and the water lost by ET and raises sWUE. © 2023 The Authors.