Faculty Publications

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Spatio-temporal precipitation variability over Western Ghats and Coastal region of Karnataka, envisaged using high resolution observed gridded data
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2017) Doranalu Chandrashekar, V.; Shetty, A.; Singh, B.B.; Sharma, S.
Climatic changes in the recent decades have led to large variations in precipitation over the different geographical regions of the globe. Changes in precipitation pattern over the space and time can severely affect the country like India, which has a large spatio-temporal variability in the precipitation. Any shift in the mean precipitation pattern pose a challenge to economy, agricultural farming and the ecosystem of these regions. In the present study, we analyze the seasonal spatio-temporal variation in trends of long term (1901–2013) observed high resolution (0.25° × 0.25°) gridded daily precipitation data of the Indian Meteorological Department over Western Ghats and coastal region of Karnataka, vulnerable to the risks of climate change. Our analysis shows increasing trend in seasonal ratio of precipitation over the Southern coastal plains and the adjacent Western Ghats region during pre-monsoon (MAM) while the southern coastal plains show decreasing trend in monsoon period (JJAS). Daily intensity index of precipitation during monsoon shows increasing trend in northern plains with decreasing trend in the medium precipitation events. Our study finds that different topographic regions of Karnataka have different responses in the trends of precipitation, particularly the response of plains is quite different to that of the higher elevated Ghat region. © 2017, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.
Dependability of rainfall to topography and micro-climate: an observation using geographically weighted regression
(Springer, 2022) Shetty, S.; Umesh, P.; Shetty, A.
The dependability of rainfall to topography and micro-climate of the region in an eco-sensitive Western Ghats of India is evaluated using the geographically weighted regression method. The correlation between rainfall and topographical features, namely, elevation, slope, Terrain Ruggedness Index, topography, and distance from the coast/ridge, varies seasonally with consistent variation across the years. The Normalized Differential Vegetation Index and rainfall have an inverse relationship due to the adverse effect of high spell rainfall on vegetation growth in the monsoon season. The rainfall negatively correlates with maximum land surface temperature and conversely with a minimum land surface temperature in the windward side of the Ghats other than monsoon season. The connection between rainfall and other variables differs significantly throughout space, with vast differences on the mountain’s windward and leeward sides, as well as in the Ghats’ southern and northern regions. The effect of the terrain is amplified in the broad, gradually sloping intermediate rough mountain that is close to the coast. The maximum rainfall depends on the mountain’s steepness on the windward side; at isolated mountains, maximum rainfall occurs at an elevation range of 500–800 m and in cascaded mountain ranges at 800–1200 m along with the influence of other driving factors. Also, the control exerted by the ridge of the mountain on the rain-bearing wind is prominent until 120 km from the mountain ridge. These results are useful in understanding the reliance of rainfall on topographic and micro-climatic parameters and can be used in hydro-geological applications. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.
An exploratory analysis of urbanization effects on climatic variables: a study using Google Earth Engine
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Shetty, A.; Umesh, P.; Shetty, A.
Rapid global economic expansion has resulted in a drastic increase of urbanization while impacting the Earth’s entire ecology. This study evaluates the impact of historical land-use/land-cover (LU/LC) change signatures on seasonal variation of climatic variables using a cloud platform-Google Earth Engine. Due to rapid urbanization and the noticeable spatio-temporal difference in the climate, administrative units of Dakshina Kannada district are taken for demonstration. The LU/LC of the district extracted from high-resolution images of Landsat using random forest classification, land surface temperature (LST) extracted from the thermal band of Landsat images using the mono window algorithm, evapotranspiration (ET) data extracted from MOD16A2.006 and precipitation data from CHIPRS was used. The data was extracted for the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon period 2001–2019. The district has seen a 13.67% reduction in the forest area with 18.81% increase in the built-up areas. The LST and ET has seen a progressive drift in the past two decades, with an increase of 4.07 °C in median temperature in forest areas and a decline of 2.19 mm in median ET value, which necessitates monitoring forest encroachment. The higher variation in maximum LST in built-up land (0.36∘C/year/sq.km) (near the industrial area) indicates that LU/LC change signature is the predominant driving factor and is associated with the physical characteristics of the built-up area. The ET exhibited a decreasing rate of 0.62 mm/year/sq.km of the built-up land. This study highlights the power of Google Earth Engine and free availability of satellite data in environmental protection, land-use management and sustainable development in the region. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Faculty Publications

Browse

Filters

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Search Results