Faculty Publications
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Item Performance Analysis of Dual-Hop AF/DF Relay Utilizing BCH Code in an Underwater Vertical Wireless Optical Link(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Savidhan Shetty, C.S.; Achala, G.; Prasad Naik, R.; Shripathi Acharya, U.S.; Chung, W.-Y.Many attempts have been made to realize effective communication from the sea surface to ocean depths. One promising emerging technology is the deployment of underwater vertical wireless optical links to establish reliable and high-speed communication. In this study, we have attempted to evaluate the performance of an underwater vertical wireless optical communication (UVWOC) link operating beneath the ocean surface, utilizing amplify and forward (AF) as well as decode and forward (DF) relay systems. The investigation focuses on a vertical link traversing multiple layers of turbulence. The channel modeling of multiple layers under weak turbulence and strong turbulence conditions employs hyperbolic tangent log-normal and gamma-gamma distributions. Novel closed-form expressions are developed to quantify the average bit error rate and outage probability for dual-hop AF/DF relay UVWOC links in both weak and strong underwater turbulence conditions. The analysis accounts for attenuation losses and pointing errors. Monte-Carlo simulations validate the accuracy of the derived expressions. Furthermore, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes with parameters (n=31, k=11) and (n=63, k=18) are applied to enhance the integrity of information transfer over the AF/DF relay UVWOC link. This research contributes to understanding UVWOC links under diverse conditions and proposes coding techniques for improved reliability in challenging underwater environments. © 2013 IEEE.Item Outage probability analysis of vertical underwater wireless optical links under varying turbulence with pointing errors and attenuation losses(Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA), 2025) Savidhan Shetty, C.S.; Badiger, M.; Prasad, D.In this paper, we investigate the outage probability performance of underwater wireless optical communication for a vertical link. Due to temperature and salinity variations, turbulence in the vertical link ranges from strong to weak. The vertical link turbulence is modeled using a cascade of the gamma–gamma and hyperbolic tangent log-normal distributions. In addition to turbulence, we consider the impact of attenuation losses in the underwater medium and pointing errors at the receiver for outage probability analysis. A closed-form expression for the outage probability of the vertical link is derived. Outage probability results are presented for different water types, signal-to-noise ratio thresholds, degrees of pointing errors, and data rates. Additionally, an asymptotic analysis is provided to offer insights at high transmitted power. The accuracy of the derived closed-form expression is validated using Monte Carlo simulations. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.