Faculty Publications
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Item Preparation and structural characteristics of biphasic calcium phosphates from prawn shell bio-waste(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023) Satish, P.; Salian, A.; Hadagalli, K.; Mandal, S.The major objective of the work is to explore the mechanical properties of biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP), a biomaterial derived from marine resources like prawn (Fenneropenaeus Indicus) shell biowaste through wet chemical treatment of CaO. We report the BCP, a mixture of hydroxyapatite and octa calcium phosphate from prawn shell biowaste using wet chemical synthesis at 80°C under pH 10. XRD of BCP revealed the coexistence of secondary phases like β-TCP and α-TCP along with HA upon sintering at different temperatures. Furthermore, the SEM and EDS opened well-sintered uniaxial grains and the presence of trace elements like Fe, Mg, Si, and Na. The specimens sintered at 1100°C showed the highest compression strength of 56.8 MPa due to MgO at the grain boundaries, which plays an important role in grain boundary diffusion. Therefore, the prawn shell biowaste-derived BCP has good mechanical properties, making them suitable materials for high-strength bone substitutes. © 2023 Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining. Published by Taylor & Francis on behalf of the Institute.Item Effect of Temperature on Solid-State Reaction of Prawn Shell-Derived Phase-Pure β-Tricalcium Phosphate(Springer, 2024) Satish, P.; Praveen, L.L.; Gautam, V.; Hadagalli, K.; Mandal, S.Over the past three decades, bioresorbable ceramics such as beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-based porous scaffolds have been extensively studied. β-TCP-based scaffolds or cements for bone tissue applications have proved to be an outstanding alternative to repair and regenerate bone tissue defects caused by trauma or injury. In this study, an investigation on submicron β-TCP powders derived from prawn shell (Fenneropenaeus indicus, a source of marine biowaste) via solid-state reaction approach was carried out, which has calcite (CaCO3) in its exoskeleton (nonedible). The prawn shell-derived β-TCP can be prepared conventionally with dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO4) at different temperatures 900, 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C. The EDX spectra detect the Ca:P ratio of 1.5 confirming the formation of pure β-TCP at 1100 °C, which is in complete agreement with theoretical ratio. X-ray diffraction pattern revealed the phase-pure crystalline rhombohedral crystal structure of β-TCP with an average crystallite size of ~ 25.8 nm, prepared at 1100 °C. The field emission scanning electron microscopy images showed a homogeneous distribution of β-TCP powders with an average grain size of 3.07 µm at 1100 °C. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirm the characteristics peaks of β-TCP. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis are performed to study the thermal behavior of the initial precursors mixture to synthesize β-TCP. β-TCP scaffolds sintered at 1100 °C exhibited compressive strength of ~ 6.2 MPa, for which Ca/P ratio is 1.51. Biodegradation study conducted on β-TCP scaffolds sintered at 1100 °C has shown slow degradation rate up to 5 days. Therefore, the prawn shell-derived β-TCP has physical and morphological properties which projects it as a promising implantable biomaterial for synthetic bone graft substitutes. © ASM International 2024.