Faculty Publications

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“Dental Cements Based on Acid Degradable Glasses/Ion Leachable Glasses” – A Review
(Taylor and Francis Ltd. michael.wagreich@univie.ac.at, 2016) Nagaraja Upadhya, P.; Ginjupalli, K.; Srinivasan, K.K.; Vasudeva Adhikari, A.V.; Satapathy, L.N.
Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is one of the most versatile cements used in dentistry. It came into existence in the late 1960s mainly to overcome the drawbacks of its predecessor material ‘dental silicate cements’. Since then, it has undergone several improvisations and modifications to meet the requirements of various dental applications. The GIC consists of basic glass powder and acidic polyacids, which sets by an acid-base reaction between the components. The glass component of GIC plays a major role in the clinical performance of the material. It provides the source of ions for the cement formation, controls the strength, imparts translucency and provides a therapeutic benefit by releasing fluoride. Glass structure-reactivity-processing are the three main aspects to be considered when designing the glass compositions for cement formation. From the conventional calcium fluoroaluminosilicate glass to the current aluminium free glasses, GIC has received significant attention in the recent past to further extend its applications in various fields. The purpose of this article is to provide relevant discussion on the scientific development of the GIC from the glass science and technology point of view. © 2016 The Indian Ceramic Society.
A comparison of the effects of microwave versus conventional drying on the mechanical properties distribution of dried green porcelains
(2008) Hemanthakumari, P.N.; Satapathy, L.N.
The effect of fast microwave drying of electroporcelain insulator component was studied by determining the reliability parameter. The Weibull modulus was calculated using the three-point bend strength data of a large number of green samples which were dried using microwave energy. The results were compared with those obtained by conventional drying methods. It was observed that in most cases, microwave-dried components yielded higher Weibull modulus than their conventionally dried counterparts. A high modulus value of >15 was achieved on the microwave-dried samples. The analysis of the result was useful in understanding the fast drying process in ceramics. © 2008 The American Ceramic Society.
Microwave drying and the green properties of high-voltage porcelain insulators
(2008) Vinayashree; Satapathy, L.N.
A study was conducted to compare the effects of microwave and convection conditions on the drying behavior of a test samples of porcelain. The study used a statistical methods to predict microwave energy consumption, tile moisture content, surface temperature, drying time, and relative humidity. The study found that porcelain insulator of weight of 15 kg need a natural drying of 5-7 d and tunnel drying of 5-7 d for the removal of 15-18% moistures. The study revealed that microwave drying is an cost-effective and easy method to change the moisture content and the rate of drying in clay plates. The study also revealed that microwave drying can be used to dry ceramic honeycombs, electroporcelain insulators, large insulating block, large-format grinding wheels, and high porous ceramic materials. The study confirmed that microwave drying in 16 kW furnace required 12-15 h at 0.4 kW microwave power for a porcelain disk insulator.
Evaluation of Calcium Fluoroaluminosilicate Based Glass Ionomer Luting Cements Processed Both by Conventional and Microwave Assisted Methods
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2015) Nagaraja Upadhya, N.; Srinivasan, K.K.; Vasudeva Adhikari, A.V.; Satapathy, L.N.
Calcium fluoroaluminosilicate glasses (CAS) are used in the formulation of glass ionomer cements for dental applications. However, the cements obtained from CAS glasses were found to be radiolucent. In this study, the influence of substituting Zn, Sr and Mg for Ca of CAS glasses was investigated with respect to the structure and setting characteristics, mechanical properties, and radiopacity of cements designed for luting applications. Three glass compositions based on substitution of Zn, Sr and Mg for Ca at 1:1 molar ratio was synthesized. They were coded as the G 021 (Ca: Zn), G 022 (Ca: Sr), G 023 (Ca: Mg). G 021 and G 022 glasses were processed by conventional melt quench route, whereas G 023 was processed by microwave melt–quench route. Each glass was then mixed with Fuji Type I GIC liquid in order to evaluate the properties of novel cements at different powder/liquid ratios. X-ray diffraction and Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the structure of the processed glasses. The average particle size of the processed glass powders was within specification limits for luting applications (<15 ?m). The substitution of Zn, Sr and Mg for Ca at 1:1 molar ratio increased the reactivity of the respective glasses. This has been reflected in their respective setting characteristics and mechanical properties. The optimal combination of setting time, strength and radiopacity for the cements examined here was shown by G 022 cements. The microwave melting can be utilized for processing ionomer glasses as it did not alter the structure and properties of G 023 cement. © © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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