Faculty Publications
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Item A Vessel Keypoint Detector for junction classification(IEEE Computer Society, 2017) Srinidhi, C.L.; Rath, P.; Sivaswamy, J.Retinal vessel keypoint detection and classification is a fundamental step in tracking the physiological changes that occur in the retina which is linked to various retinal and systemic diseases. In this paper, we propose a novel Vessel Keypoint Detector (VKD) which is derived from the projection of log-polar transformed binary patches around vessel points. VKD is used to design a two stage solution for junction detection and classification. In the first stage, the keypoints detected using VKD are refined using curvature orientation information to extract candidate junctions. True junctions from these candidates are identified in a supervised manner using a Random Forest classifier. In the next stage, a novel combination of local orientation and shape based features is extracted from the junction points and classified using a second Random Forest classifier. Evaluation results on five datasets show that the designed system is robust to changes in resolution and other variations across datasets, with average values of accuracy/sensitivity/specificity for junction detection being 0.78/0.79/0.75 and for junction classification being 0.87/0.85/0.88. Our system outperforms the state of the art method [1] by at least 11%, on the DRIVE and IOSTAR datasets. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of VKD for vessel analysis. © 2017 IEEE.Item Economic and environmental benefits of cool pavements: a case study of Bhubaneswar city(Springer, 2025) Anupam, B.R.; Chandra Sahoo, U.C.; Vinoj, V.; Rath, P.The change of land use from natural lands to built-up areas is one of the key reasons for the urban heat island (UHI) effect, because of absorbance and storing of heat energy. Roads and streets cover a significant fraction of the urban fabric and are continuously exposed to solar radiation. This study examines the impact of pavement surface temperature on urban air temperature. Measurements were made across the Bhubaneswar city to capture the temperature and relative humidity along the major arterial roads. The study quantified the UHI effect and evaluated the benefits of cool pavements in reducing air temperature and improving energy efficiency. The study reveals a strong relation between pavement surface temperature and near-surface air temperature. It was found that up to 1.5 m above the pavement surface, the impact of pavement surface temperature on the air temperature is substantial. On a particularly hot summer day, the air temperature just above the pavement surface and at 1.5 m above the surface was observed to be higher than the surrounding ambient air temperature by up to 7.4 °C and 2 °C, respectively. Based on the measurements taken during this limited period, the peak UHI intensity in Bhubaneswar city was found to be ~ 1.9 °C, which is high, if the current developments of the city are taken into consideration. This study also indicates that significant economic and environmental benefits can be achieved with the adoption of cool pavement technologies. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.