Faculty Publications
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Item Development of probabilistic simulation model for production optimization in open pit mines(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2011) Raj, M.G.; Vardhan, H.; Rao, Y.V.Large mechanized open pit operations can become more efficient and competitive without additional costs by improving the productivity of the existing machinery. This can be achieved by ensuring higher availability and utilization of the equipment The present paper deals with truck dispatch system using a variety of strategies to enhance the production capacity of a given set of equipment (shovels and trucks) by way of continuous dispatching of trucks. A discrete event probabilistic simulation program has been developed to demonstrate the production potential of an operating mine. It can accommodate any number of shovels and trucks of different capacities. The characteristic features of each truck and shovel can be individually specified to reflect the reality of actual working conditions. The model was tested on a hypothetical mine and a real case to verify the logic used in the program development. Subsequently, the model was implemented in two real mines to investigate the production potential. It was observed that substantial scope exists for productivity improvement when the mines were operating on a flexible mode. © 2012 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Item Design of haul road lighting system. Part III: Application(2006) Karmakar, N.C.; Mangalpady, M.; Rao, Y.V.; Yaragatti, U.R.The design of haul road illumination systems based on a scientific approach is very important. Improperly planned lighting systems may provide unsatisfactory illumination and may also incur higher costs. This paper describes illumination systems designed for two haul roads using the computer programs developed in earlier stages of this work. System performances and cost are compared with the existing illumination system. Designs based on the developed programs show total potential cost savings of approximately 26% and 48% for the two systems.Item Microseismic monitoring of longwall strata to provide real time instability indications to mine management at Rajendra coalmine in India(2008) Sivakumar, C.; Srinivasan, C.; Murthy, Ch.S.N.; Rao, Y.V.Rooffalls are the most common problems encountered during various stages of longwall mine operation resulting in loss of production and machinery. A real time microseismic monitoring system was installed at Rajendra underground coal mine and acquired rock fracturing information from different roof layers. These data were analysed and obtained stress concentration zones, which ultimately resulted in rooffalls. Based on the microseismic event release rate advanced strata instability information was provided to mine management through daily reports. This information has helped in carrying out effective and optimized blasting operations to distress the high stress zone. The microseismic data also helped in mapping real time fracture process to get the extent of fractures in roof strata. The significant and reliable precursor found was microseismic event release rate (ERR) for rooffalls. Daily reports were submitted to mine management regarding stress concentration zones and rockfall information, which were confirmed from underground observations. The details of the microseismic technique and its application to longwall mine problems are discussed in this paper. © 2008, ARMA, American Rock Mechanics Association.Item Assessment of heavy earth-moving machinery noise vis-à-vis routine maintenance(2006) Vardhan, H.; Karmakar, N.C.; Rao, Y.V.Exposure to noise from various types of equipment/machinery has been identified as a critical health hazard for personnel working in the Indian mining industry. Heavy Earth Moving Machinery (HEMM) used in mines has been identified as a major source of noise, and several earlier investigators have proposed various types of retrofit measures on these machines to reduce noise. The present work was taken up with the objective of evaluating the noise generation characteristics of HEMM as influenced by periodic maintenance. Detailed noise measurements were carried out in a large open pit coal mine located in India. The effect of maintenance on noise production was assessed for ten dumpers and three dozers by measuring the A-weighted one-third-octave band sound pressure levels after the machines had been subjected to maintenance at the end of 300 hours, 500 hours, 750 hours and 1000 hours of use. Measurements were also carried out to assess the effect of maintaining specific HEMM systems noise characteristics at 1000 hours. Assessment of sound pressure levels at each periodic maintenance revealed major sound level reductions with 1000 hours maintenance. The data also identified the major noise generating systems in HEMM as air systems, exhaust systems, cooling systems and fuel systems. © 2006 Institute of Noise Control Engineering.Item Production optimisation using simulation models in mines: A critical review(Inderscience Publishers, 2009) Raj, M.G.; Vardhan, H.; Rao, Y.V.The mining industry is faced with the task of responding to increased demand for mineral resource products, decreasing ore grades, stringent quality requirements and strict environmental regulations in trying to meet the demands of the economy. This situation has necessitated the search for more scientific and technological innovations that enable profitable mining like simulation studies. In this paper, system simulation studies in underground and open-pit mines, shovel truck simulation have been discussed in detail. The study shows wide applicability of simulation studies in various operations in both underground and open-pit mines. Copyright © 2009, Inderscience Publishers.Item Noise problem and its control for heavy earth moving machinery deployed in opencast mines - A critical review(2006) Vardhan, H.; Rao, Y.V.; Karmakar, N.C.Worldwide, increasingly stringent regulations are coming into force, limiting the exposure of workers to industrial noise. Industrial noise and its consequences, is thus growing importance to employers, local and central government officials, trade unions, occupational hygienists and physicians and insurers. India is not an exception far this. The mining industry in India is facing serious problem of noise due to increasing demand of minerals for which large capacity machines are being deployed producing high noise levels. The present paper thoroughly reviews the noise problem and its control for heavy earth moving machinery's deployed in opencast mines both in India and worldwide. The various noise control approaches for heavy earth moving machinery's deployed in opencast mines are also discussed.Item Noise analysis of heavy earth moving machinery deployed in opencast mines and development of suitable maintenance guidelines for its attenuation - Part 2(Multi-Science Publishing Co. Ltd, 2004) Vardhan, H.; Rao, Y.V.; Karmakar, N.C.The noise analysis of heavy earth moving machinery deployed in opencast mines and development of suitable maintenance guidelines for its attenuation were discussed. The impact of periodic maintenance on the noise characteristics of machines was studied. The maintenance schedule for which maximum fluctuation in the noise level occured was analyzed. The noise control of heavy earth moving equipment used in opencast was also elaborated.Item Worldwide, increasingly stringent regulations are coming into force, limiting the exposure of workers to industrial noise. Industrial noise and its consequences are thus growing in importance to employers, local and central government officials, trade unions, occupational hygienists and physicians and insurers. India is not an exception to this. The mining industry in India is facing serious problems over noise due to increasing demand for minerals for which large capacity machines are being deployed producing high noise levels. To know the status and to control the noise, the S&T Department of the Ministry of Coal, Government of India sponsored a research project in the area of noise pollution and its control for opencast projects. To start with, a detailed literature survey was carried out in the area of noise pollution and its control in the mining industry, embracing equipment like from Heavy Earth Moving Machinery (HEMM), compressors, workshops, pneumatic drills, processing plants etc, to know the quantum of work done in and worldwide. The various aspects studied In this project were the daily noise dose and/or noise exposure level of the operators of various types of heavy earth moving machinery and its assessment, noise characteristics at different operating conditions of the machine, analysis of noise coming out from different parts of the machine, analysis of noise at different distances from the machine for different frequency components and the most important one i.e., impact of periodic maintenance on the noise characteristics of machines and to find out with which maintenance schedule there is maximum fluctuation in the noise level and to evolve a technique for attenuating the noise generated from these machines as well as to reduce the operator's exposure to high noise levels. This paper highlights the results of this research project.(Multi-Science Publishing Co. Ltd, Noise analysis of heavy earth moving machinery deployed in opencast mines and development of suitable maintenance guidelines for its attenuation - Part 3) Vardhan, H.; Rao, Y.V.; Karmakar, N.C.2004Item Worldwide, increasingly stringent regulations are coming into force, limiting the exposure of workers to industrial noise. Industrial noise and its consequences is thus growing in importance to employers, local and central government officials, trade unions, occupational hygienists and physicians and insurers. India is not an exception for this. The mining industry in India is facing serious problem of noise due to increasing demand for minerals for which large capacity machines are being deployed producing high noise levels. To know the status and to control the noise, the S&T Department of the Ministry of Coal, Government of India sponsored a research project in the area of noise pollution and its control for opencast projects. To start with, a detailed literature survey was carried out in the area of noise pollution and its control in the mining industry, embracing equipment like from Heavy Earth Moving Machinery (HEMM), compressors, workshops, pneumatic drills, processing plants etc., to know the quantum of work done in India and worldwide. The various aspects studied in this project were the daily noise dose and/or noise exposure level of the operators of various types of heavy earth moving machinery and its assessment, noise characteristics at different operating conditions of the machine, analysis of noise coming out from different parts of the machine, analysis of noise at different distances from the machine for different frequency components and the most important one i e, impact of periodic maintenance on the noise characteristics of machines and to find out with which maintenance schedule there is maximum fluctuation in the noise level and to evolve a technique for attenuating the noise generated from these machines as well as to reduce the operator's exposure to high noise levels. This paper highlights the results of this research project.(Multi-Science Publishing Co. Ltd, Noise analysis of heavy earth moving machinery deployed in opencast mines and development of suitable maintenance guidelines for its attenuation - Part 1) Vardhan, H.; Rao, Y.V.; Karmakar, N.C.2004