Faculty Publications
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Item E-fields inside 765 kV substation: Influence of conductor & bay arrangements(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2017) Singh, S.K.; Punekar, G.S.Increasing voltage level in generation and transmission system have become inevitable. The threats of non-ionizing radiation and their biological effects at substations have increased. As per International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation and Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines suggest maximum limits for electric and magnetic field exposure is 10 kV/m and 1 mT for occupational and 5 kV/m and 250 μT for public exposure. Keeping this in view results of a case study of electric field distribution in an upcoming 765 kV substation in India are computed and discussed in this paper. Using the existing layout of this substation, the E-fields at 2 m height above the ground plane are computed using FEMM (a free ware). Results show that Bays which are at a height of 14 m from ground are dominant and contributing more to the E-fields. The paper further computes and compares E-field strength due to (i) a single conductor (a phase of bay alone), (ii) single bay (iii) and with all the bays of substation with buses, overhead headlines and ground wires. The effect of bay height (around 14 m) on the E-field is also reported. The average E-field in substation arena is well within the ICNIPR suggested limit of 10 kV/m, whereas E-field at some places exceeds this value. © 2016 IEEE.Item Electric Fields due to A 500 kV Quadruple Circuit Transmission Line: Some Aspects Concerning Public Exposure(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019) Prasad, K.Y.; Punekar, G.S.Extra high voltage and Ultra high voltage transmission lines produce high intensity electric fields (E-fields). These high intensity E-fields, which are in the vicinity of such lines, would result into adverse effects on humans. E-fields at the ground level should be below a certain limit as specified by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines from the point of view of public exposure. In the present study the E-fields due to the Quadruple circuit transmission line is estimated and analyzed. Finite element method is used to calculate the E-fields by placing the conductors at the permitted worst-case sag (8%) position for the chosen span. These results are compared with those available in the literature with 4 % sag. © 2019 IEEE.Item Cable dimension determination using Finite Element Method Magnetic (FEMM) for three-core belted and gas insulated cables(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Tefera, T.N.; Punekar, G.S.; Ibrahim, K.; Tuka, M.B.; Bajaj, M.A numerical approach utilizing the Finite Element Method (FEM) based freeware Finite Element Method Magnetic (FEMM) is employed to optimize the insulation thickness to diameter ratio (‘T/d’) for a three-core belted cable, enclosed by a grounded sheath, as well as for a gas-insulated cable (GIC) with a common enclosure. The method analyzes the maximum electric field (E-field) within the cable. The minimum E-field magnitude across three critical regions where the E-field at its peak is calculated for different ‘T/d’ ratios, and the optimal ‘T/d’ is identified by selecting the maximum of these minimum values. Analogs to single-core coaxial cable, for a three-core belted cable with a radius of 1 per unit (p.u.), the best ‘T/d’ ratio is 0.80 when subjected to a 1 p.u. Peak potential. Additionally, the optimal conductor radius and conductor-to-cable center dimension for common-enclosure gas-insulated cables are verified to be 0.18 and 0.5, respectively. This study provides a first-time investigation of the best ‘T/d’ ratio for three-core belted cables and verifies CGIC cable parameters using FEMM, where no analytical solutions are available. The results are validated by comparing FEMM with analytical and Charge Simulation Method (CSM) outcomes. Hence, the FEMM provides low computational cost and reliable results compared to commercial software. Through these simulation efforts, the study re-examines the stress within the belted and gas-insulated cables and the parameters that influence it. The FEMM method allows for precise control of both conductor and sheath potentials, ensuring no potential discrepancies between the applied and calculated values across the entire range of T/d ratios. © 2024 The Author(s)