Faculty Publications
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Item Effect of polymer host on third order nonlinear optical properties of newly synthesized organic liquid crystal(2007) Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Poornesh, P.; Murthy, Y.L.N.We report the investigation of third order optical nonlinearity of 2,4,6-tri-(p-hyptoyoxylphenyl) pyrilium tetraborate doped PMMA using nanosecond laser pulses at 532nm wavelength by employing Z-Scan technique. To see the effect of polymer host, the results have been compared with the pure dopant. The material shows a large negative nonlinearity with real and imaginary parts of X(3) are - 3.31×10-14esu and 0.73×10 -14esu respectively. Excited state absorption cross-section is found to be 3.41×10-48 cm4.s/photon in PMMA host. The magnitude of third order nonlinear parameters increases when the compound is doped into PMMA matrix because of change in the conformation of chain geometry as a result of charge transfer processes. The values are comparable with a best known nonlinear liquid crystal molecule namely, 4-cyano-4'-n-pentylbiphenyl in the nematic phase. Hence, these molecules can be suitably used as nonlinear optical materials in PMMA matrix for device applications. © 2007 IEEE.Item Nonlinear optical studies of newly synthesized polythiophenes containing pyridine and 1,3,4-oxadiazole units(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2009) Poornesh, P.; Hegde, P.K.; Manjunatha, M.G.; Umesh, G.; Vasudeva Adhikari, A.V.We report measurements of the third-order nonlinear optical properties of a newly synthesized thiophene- based copolymer. The nonlinear transmission measurements were performed on the copolymer dissolved in tetrahydrofuran by employing the single beam Z-scan technique. Q-switched laser output at 532-nm wavelength was used for this purpose. The nonlinear absorption coefficient, β, nonlinear refractive index, n2, and the real and imaginary parts of third-order susceptibility, x(3), were, 18.93 cm/GW, 3.037 x 10 -17 m2/W (1.022 x 10-10 esu), 1.512 x 10-20 m2/V2(-1.080 x 10 -12 esu) and 0.399 x 10-20 2m/V2 (0.285 x 10 -12 esu), respectively. The excited state absorption crosssection σexc, was found to be larger than the ground state absorption crosssection σg, indicating reverse saturable absorption (RSA) in the copolymer sample. The co- polymer exhibits an optical power limiting threshold of about 120 μJ and saturated output of less than 80 μJ. Hence, the copolymer seems to be a promising material for photonic device applications. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers.Item Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of new copolymers containing alternate 3,4-dialkoxythiophene and (1,3,4-oxadiazolyl)pyridine moieties(Elsevier, 2009) Hegde, P.K.; Vasudeva Adhikari, A.V.; Manjunatha, M.G.; Poornesh, P.; Umesh, G.A new series of conjugated copolymers (P1-P3) consisting of alternate 3,4-dialkoxythiophene and (1,3,4-oxadiazolyl)pyridine moieties have been synthesized using the precursor polyhydrazide route. They have been characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR spectral and elemental analyses. These copolymers possess well defined structure and exhibit good thermal stability with the onset decomposition temperature in nitrogen at around 300 °C. Their molecular weights were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The optical and charge-transporting properties of the copolymers were investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Their UV-visible absorption spectra showed a ?max at around 342 nm and displayed bluish-green fluorescence in solution state. The band gaps were found to be at about 2.55 eV for all the copolymers. The third-order nonlinear optical properties (NLO) of these copolymers were studied by Z-scan technique. The measurements were performed at 532 nm with 7 ns laser pulses using a Nd:YAG laser in solution form. The real part of ?(3) were estimated to be -0.881 × 10-12, -0.901 × 10-12 and -1.030 × 10-12 esu for P1, P2 and P3 respectively. The imaginary part of ?(3) for the copolymers P1, P2 and P3 were determined to be 0.192 × 10-12, 0.253 × 10-12 and 0.272 × 10-12 esu respectively. The copolymers exhibit strong reverse saturable absorption and good optical limiting behaviour at 532 nm. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Nonlinear optical studies on 1,3-disubstituent chalcones doped polymer films(Elsevier, 2009) Poornesh, P.; Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Prakash Kamath, K.; Sarojini, B.K.; Narayana, B.We report the measurements of the third-order nonlinear optical properties of recently synthesized and characterized two different 1,3-disubstituent chalcones doped PMMA films, with the prospective of reaching a good compromise between processability and high nonlinear optical properties. The measurements were done using nanosecond Z-scan at 532 nm. The Z-scan spectra reveal a large negative nonlinear refraction coefficient n2 of the order 10-11 esu and the molecular two photon absorption cross section is 10-46 cm4 s/photon. The doped films exhibit good optical power limiting property under nanosecond regime and the two photon absorption (TPA) is the dominating process leading to the nonlinear behavior. The improvement in the nonlinear properties has been observed when methylenedioxy group is replaced by dimethoxy group due to increase in conjugation length. The observed nonlinear parameters of chalcone derivatives doped PMMA film is comparable with stilbazolieum derivatives, a well-known class of optical materials for photonics and biophotonics applications, which suggests that, these moieties have potential for the application of all-optical limiting and switching devices. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Studies on third-order nonlinear optical properties and reverse saturable absorption in polythiophene/poly (methylmethacrylate) composites(Springer Verlag, 2009) Poornesh, P.; Umesh, G.; Hegde, P.K.; Manjunatha, M.G.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Vasudeva Adhikari, A.V.We report here the studies on third-order nonlinear optical properties of two novel polythiophene composite films investigated using the Z-scan technique. The measurements were carried out using a Q-switched, frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser producing 7 nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm. Z-scan results reveal that the composite films exhibit self-defocusing nonlinearity. The real and imaginary parts of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility were of the order 10-12 esu. The effective excited-state absorption cross section was found to be larger than the ground state absorption cross section, indicating that the operating nonlinear mechanism is reverse saturable absorption (RSA). The polythiophene composite films also exhibit good optical power limiting of the nanosecond laser pulses. The nonlinear optical parameters are found to increase on increasing the strength of the electron-donor group, indicating the dependence of ? (3) on the electron-donor/acceptor units of polythiophenes. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.Item The third-order nonlinear optical properties of novel styryl dyes(2009) Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Poornesh, P.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Asiri, A.M.The third-order nonlinear optical properties of two novel styryl dyes, namely, 1,3-diethyl-5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione and 5-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-1,3-diethyl-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione were studied using the Z-scan technique employing 7 ns laser pulses at 532 nm. The nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear absorption coefficient, magnitude of effective third-order susceptibility and coupling factor were determined. The optical power limiting behavior of the colorants was ascribed to two-photon absorption phenomenon. Nonlinear absorption cross-section increased with increase in ? electron density and the effective two-photon absorption cross-section was two orders of magnitude larger than those of commercially available azo compounds. The results suggest that these colorants offer promise as nonlinear optical materials for device applications. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Nonlinear optical and optical power limiting studies on a new thiophene-based conjugated polymer in solution and solid PMMA matrix(2010) Poornesh, P.; Hegde, P.K.; Umesh, G.; Manjunatha, M.G.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Vasudeva Adhikari, A.V.An experimental investigation of the third-order nonlinear optical properties of new poly{2-{5-[3,4-ditetradecyloxy-5-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl}pyridine} (P) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution and in solid poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) matrix, by Z-scan technique is reported. The Z-scan traces reveal that the composite films exhibit large negative nonlinear refractive index of the order 10-10 esu. The excited-state absorption cross-section was found to be larger than the ground-state absorption indicating that the operating nonlinear process is reverse saturable absorption (RSA). The new polymer P exhibits good optical power limiting properties in the nanosecond regime in solution and as well in solid PMMA matrix. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item 3,3?-Benzene-1,4-diylbis[1-(substituted)phenylprop-2-en-1-one] derivatives: A new class of materials for third-order nonlinear optical applications(2010) Poornesh, P.; Ravi, K.; Umesh, G.; Hegde, P.K.; Manjunatha, M.G.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Vasudeva Adhikari, A.V.We have investigated the third-order nonlinear optical parameters of Bischalcones embedded in DMF solution and in solid PMMA matrix, by Z-scan technique using nanosecond laser pulse trains at 532 nm. Z-scan results reveal that the Bischalcones exhibits negative nonlinear refractive index as high as 10-11 esu. The molecular two-photon absorption cross-section ?2? of Bischalcones were of the order 10-46 cm4 s/photon, which is nearly two orders of magnitude larger than that of Rhodamine 6G which is 10-48 - 10-50 cm4 s/photon. We found that, the two-photon absorption (TPA) is the dominating nonlinear process leading to nonlinear absorption in both the cases in solution and as well as in solid medium. Based on TPA process, the Bischalcones exhibit good optical power limiting of nanosecond laser pulses at the input wavelength. The nonlinear optical parameters found to increase on enhancing the strength of the electron donor groups indicating the dependence and importance of electron donor/acceptor units on third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility ?(3). © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Investigation of third-order nonlinear optical properties of conjugated benzodioxal derivatives(2010) Shettigar, S.; Poornesh, P.; Umesh, G.; Sarojini, B.K.; Narayana, B.; Prakash Kamath, K.An investigation of third-order nonlinear optical characterization of newly synthesized conjugated benzodioxal derivatives has been done by using nanosecond Z-scan technique at 532 nm. The molecules demonstrate self-defocusing effect with intensity dependent refractive index (n2) of the order of 10-14 cm2/W. The measured molecular TPA cross-section is ranging from 2.47 ×10-47 cm4 s/photon to 6.00 cm4 s/photon. Their input-output curves indicate that there is a clear optical power limiting behavior with the limiting threshold in the range 125-181 ?J. The main factor to exhibit the observed nonlinearity in these molecules is the presence of charge donor and acceptor groups. The increased conjugation length increases the nonlinear refraction and increased electron density enhances the nonlinear absorption. The molecules exhibit good nonlinear optical properties, comparable to those of regular azoaromatic compounds. Therefore, the molecules investigated here are promising candidates for optical power limiting devices. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Third-order nonlinear optical properties of Mn doped ZnO thin films under cw laser illumination(Elsevier B.V., 2013) Nagaraja, K.K.; Pramodini, S.; Santhosh Kumar, A.; Nagaraja, H.S.; Poornesh, P.; Kekuda, D.We report the measurements of third-order nonlinear optical properties of undoped zinc oxide and manganese doped zinc oxide thin films with different doping concentrations investigated using z-scan technique. Thin films were prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering using a compound target on glass substrate at room temperature. The structural properties of the deposited films were analysed by X-ray diffraction studies. The atomic force microscope analysis of the deposited films reveals that the grain size and roughness of the films depend on the Mn concentration. The direct energy band gap of the deposited film increases with the increase in Mn concentration in the films. The nonlinear optical measurements were carried out using a cw He-Ne laser at 633 nm wavelength. The z-scan results reveal that the films exhibit self-defocusing nonlinearity. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility ?(3) is found to be of the order of 10-3 esu. The films investigated here exhibit good optical power limiting at the experimental wavelength. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.