Faculty Publications
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Item Selection of electric drive for EVs with emphasis on switched reluctance motor(CRC Press, 2023) Pittam, P.K.; Parthiban, P.; Kalpana, R.Different electrical machines have been investigated to check their suitability for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) and brushless DC (BLDC) motor are widely employed in EVs due to the use of permanent magnets (PMs), which provide high torque density and better efficiency. Therefore, PM machines are the preferred choice for applications where a high-efficiency motor is required. However, manufacturers are interested in finding an alternative to PM machines to avoid the issues related to rare-earth magnets. Induction machines (IMs), switched reluctance machines (SRMs) and synchronous reluctance machines (SyncRels) are gaining importance for EVs due to the lack of PMs. The simple and low-cost construction due to lack of PMs or windings on the rotor makes the SRM a potential candidate for EV applications in preference to PM machines and IMs. SRMs are more reliable in high-speed and high-temperature operation due to the absence of rotor excitation. The price volatility, environmental concerns and supply chain issues of rare-earth magnets present in PM machines have become a long-running problem in producing high-efficiency motors [1]. However, the absence of rare-earth magnets in SRMs is an advantage in this aspect. Rotor displacement and rotational stress limit the performance of PM motors in high-speed operation due to excessive centrifugal forces, which cause stress to develop in magnet slots and bridges. However, SRMs can be operated at high speeds due to the lack of slots and bridges in the rotor. The performance of PM machines deteriorates during field-weakening operation, whereas in SRMs, field weakening is a natural phenomenon at high speed. Moreover, SRMs have a wide constant power-speed range compared with PMs and IMs. IMs suffer from rotor copper losses due to the use of die-casting aluminium for rotor conductors, which limits high-temperature operation; usually, copper die-casting is used at high temperature, and this involves an expensive and challenging manufacturing process. Moreover, the independent torque production capability of each phase due to the electrical isolation of each phase endows SRMs with a fault-tolerant nature. In spite of all these advantages, SRMs suffer from high torque ripple, noise and vibration. However, torque ripple doesn't exclude the adaption of SRMs for EV applications; several significant contributions have been made towards torque ripple minimization by modifying rotor geometry and optimized control of phase current. The selection of the electric drive is the crucial step of EV design. This chapter deals with selection criteria and a comprehensive understanding of performance characteristics of different electric drives widely used in EV applications, including PM machines, IMs and SRMs. This chapter mainly deals with how the control principles have been evolved for SRMs to meet the requirements of EV adaption and briefly discusses the control methods established for performance enhancement, such as torque ripple minimization and torque to ampere ratio improvement. This chapter also deals with the adaption of direct torque control (DTC) to SRMs and analyses the reasons behind negative torque generation in phase. This chapter includes recent contributions towards the evolution of DTC over a period of time in terms of sector reorganization, voltage vector reformation and optimized voltage vector selection. This chapter also presents simulation studies of conventional and modified versions of DTC. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Dharavath Kishan, Ramani Kannan, B Dastagiri Reddy and Prajof Prabhakaran; individual chapters, the contributors.Item Performance evaluation of multi-input converter-based battery charging system for electric vehicle applications(CRC Press, 2023) Kalpana, R.; Kiran, R.; Parthiban, P.This chapter address a dual-input half-bridge DC–DC converter with semi-active full-bridge rectifier at secondary. The proposed configuration is satisfactory to provide power supply to load and instantaneously charge the battery. The proposed configuration has three stages. It includes input variable sources; the isolation stage consists of two HFTs (High Frequency Transformer), and the rectifier stage consists of a semi-active full-bridge rectifier at secondary with a bidirectional buck boost converter for charging and discharging the battery. Complete steady-state analysis and design of the converter have been investigated. An FPGA-based controller was used to implement digital closed loop control in order to minimize the control strategy's complexity. A constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) mode of control algorithm has been implemented for charging the battery in order to achieve higher efficiency and protection of the battery. The battery charging current is controlled by the output current control loop and has low output voltage ripple, which leads to high efficiency of the system. To confirm the feasibility of the proposed system, an experimental prototype has been developed. Extensive tests have been carried out under varying loads and different input voltage variations. Compared with standard systems, the proposed system has an improved capacity to utilize different sources of power. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Dharavath Kishan, Ramani Kannan, B Dastagiri Reddy and Prajof Prabhakaran; individual chapters, the contributors.Item Simulation of SVPWM based FOC of CSI fed induction motor drive(2012) Ronanki, D.; Rajesh, K.; Parthiban, P.The application of current source inverters (CSI)in induction motor (IM) drives offers a number of advantages, including voltage boosting capability, natural shoot-through short-circuit protection and generation of sinusoidal voltages. In this paper, an attempt to model the CSI fed IM drive is presented. The mathematical model takes into account of the inverter, and induction motor dynamics and is established in the stationary reference frame. For controlling the drive speed, a direct field-oriented control (FOC) is proposed. To counter the effects of torque pulsations at very low speeds and the rotor resistance variation, a slip angle compensation loop is included in the control law formulation. Analytical expressions for CSI fed IM with Direct FOC are derived and validated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. © 2012 IEEE.Item PV-battery powered direct torque controlled switched reluctance motor drive(2012) Ronanki, D.; Parthiban, P.Categorized as one of the renewable energies, Photo-Voltaic system has a great potential compared to its counterparts of renewable energies. This paper deals with the design of a Photovoltaic (PV)-Battery fed Switched Reluctance Motor(SRM). The system mainly composed of a PV module, boost converter, rechargeable battery, bidirectional converter, asymmetric bridge converter, SRM and system controllers. The main problems of SRM are high torque ripple, acoustic noise and vibration problems. In order to reduce these problems, a new direct torque control of 3.5 kW 8/6 SRM is proposed, which is simple and can be implemented with low cost processor. It can be seen from the simulation results that this scheme has well regulated the torque output of the motor with in hysteresis band. The proposed system assures its suitability for solar applications like solar vehicles, solar water pumping system and floor mills in hilly and isolated areas. © 2012 IEEE.Item A small 4-wheeler EV propulsion system using DTC controlled induction motor(2013) Ronanki, D.; Hemasundar, A.; Parthiban, P.With the increasing need of electric vehicles (EV), necessary development is required to get reliable, efficient and economical drives for electric propulsion. Electric propulsion system using Induction Motor drive (IM) is becoming so popular because of its reliability, technological maturity and low cost. Field Orientation Control (FOC) is so popular in controlling the IM, but it has disadvantages like sensitive to parametric variation, external disturbance, load variation and also algorithm takes more time for execution, hence it requires a very fast microprocessor with high millions of instructions per second (MIPS) for implementation. In this paper, IM is controlled by using Direct Torque Control (DTC) technique because of its simple configuration and gives quick response. The mathematical model takes into account of the inverter, IM dynamics and vehicle aerodynamics. In this paper, the response of the IM with DTC for EV load for driving cycle consists of starting, acceleration, constant speed and deceleration modes are explained and validated using MATLAB/SIMULINK.Item Performance study of high frequency link AC-AC converter(IEEE Computer Society, 2014) Ansal, V.; Parthiban, P.; Ravikumar, K.In this paper operation performance of an high-frequency (HF) link ac/ac converter is demonstrated using computer aided simulation package PSCAD/EMTDC. The converter consists of input filter, input matrix converter, HF transformer, and output matrix converter. The proposed configuration permits flexibility in the choice of voltage levels and frequency in the system without the penalty of bulky magnetic components. The proposed approach achieve high voltage transfer ratio, HF galvanic isolation of the input source from the output utility, higher power density by introducing a HF transformer in between the two stages of the converter. It is capable of having bidirectional power flow, achieve lower harmonic distortion on both input and output sides with proper filter design and controllable input displacement power factor. It also provides fast response, high efficiency, and free from acoustic noise. Comprehensive results are presented to assess the performance of the converter. Several features like voltage sag compensation, instantaneous voltage regulation, and power factor correction can be combined to this converter. This kind of converter laid the base for regulated ac power supplies and electronic transformers. © 2014 IEEE.Item Analysis of current controlled voltage source Inverter with Space Vector PWM and Sinusoidal PWM techniques(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2015) Show, S.K.; Parthiban, P.Space Vector Modulation (SVM) and Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) are the most prominent methods used for providing gating signals on switches of a 3-phase and 1-phase Inverters. This paper presents a comparison of SVM and SPWM techniques used on a 3-phase Inverter based on the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of Inverter Output Voltage and Current waveforms. It has focused on the two above mentioned PWM methods which are being used to develop current controlled based model applied on three phase loads. Simulation study of 3 phase Inverter has been carried out using SPWM and SVM techniques and THD of output voltage and current waveforms of the Inverter has been compared. The results shows an improvement in output power quality of the 3-phase inverter with current controlled SVM than the current controlled SPWM. © 2015 IEEE.Item Simulation study of a power electronic transformer based on matrix converter(IEEE Computer Society help@computer.org, 2015) Ansal, A.; Parthiban, P.A power electronic transformer (PET) is a direct AC/AC converter with a high frequency isolation. Various topologies of electronic PETs have been discussed in recent literatures. This paper is concentrated on the simulation study of an electronic transformer adopting matrix converter on either side of the high frequency isolation transformer. The industrial standard power system simulation package PSACD/EMTDC is used for the modeling of the PET. The PET described can convert a sinusoidal AC to a lower or higher voltage and/or to a lower or higher frequency without DC link. Both the steady state and transient performance of the converter are carried out to assess the performance. The simulation results of the converter shows that the PET accomplishes high frequency isolation, bidirectional power flow, two stage power conversion, higher power density, controllable input source displacement power factor, and lower harmonic distortion on both input and output sides. © 2014 IEEE.Item Transformerless Dynamic Voltage Restorer for voltage sag mitigation(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016) Ansal, V.; Ravikumar, K.; Parthiban, P.Dynamic Voltage Restorers are identified to be cost effective solution for protecting sensitive loads from voltage related power quality issues. The extension of cost reduction and efficiency can be improved by eliminating the injection transformer. This paper discusses a transformer-less dynamic voltage restorer based on three-single phase Voltage Source Inverters(VSI). Since the DVR does not have an injection transformer, it has lower loss, lower cost and it is less bulky. The DVR control is implemented using Synchronous Reference Frame(SRF)theory. Estimation of the reference load voltage is carried out using unit vectors. The simulation results carried out in MATLAB shows the effectiveness of the DVR in compensating the voltage sag. © 2016 IEEE.Item Design and implementation of sliding mode voltage controller for DC to DC buck converter by using hysteresis modulation and pulse width modulation(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016) Kiran, B.; Parthiban, P.; Jena, D.; Prakash, P.S.This paper presents the design and implementation of sliding mode control law to the output voltage control of DC to DC buck converter. The robustness of the sliding mode controller is tested by changing the different circuit components and comparing the results with conventional linear controller. The result shows that the sliding mode controller performs better in the transient condition over a wide range of operation when compared with linear controller. Sliding mode controllers by using hysteresis modulation and pulse width modulation are implemented in MATLAB/simulink. The disadvantages of sliding mode controller by using hysteresis modulation is overcome by using pulse width modulation. © 2016 IEEE.