Faculty Publications

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Effect of hydrogen enrichment on performance, combustion, and emission of a methanol fueled SI engine
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Nuthan Prasad, B.S.; Pandey, J.K.; Kumar, G.N.
The study of potentially high rated alternative fuel (Methanol) for the IC engines is an exciting topic in the recent research advancement. However, the study of combination of methanol and hydrogen is considered to address both economic and environmental needs. Hydrogen with best combustion characteristics will compensate for the drawbacks of methanol as a fuel. In the present investigation hydrogen enrichment to methanol has shown a significant enhancement in performance and combustion; the overall emission has reduced substantially. The experiments for a different set of trials, including hydrogen enrichment ranging between 5% and 20% with 2.5% increment, the engine is operated with wide-open throttle (WOT) condition for different speeds. The increase in enrichment of hydrogen has shown a rise in BTE, BP, and a reduced BSEC value. The percentage increase in BTE is between 20 and 30%, and an increase in hydrogen beyond 12.5% would affect the volumetric efficiency, and thus performance declines after that. The exhaust emissions have a huge impact on hydrogen enrichment; CO, HC, and CO2 emission are reduced by 30–40%; however, an increase in cylinder temperature due to rapid combustion slightly increases the NOx emission. Thus hydrogen enriched methanol operating at higher compression ratio can improve the overall engine characteristics significantly. © 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
Effect of parallel LPG fuelling in a methanol fuelled SI engine under variable compression ratio
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Dinesh, M.H.; Pandey, J.K.; Kumar, G.N.
In the present experimental study, five LPG fractions from 25% to 45% based on total energy are tested in a methanol fuelled SI engine at compression ratios (CR) varying from 12 to 15. Results are affirmative towards methanol/LPG dual fuel. The brake power, brake thermal efficiency, and volumetric efficiency are found to increase by 51%, 21.2%, and 13% respectively by changing from 25% LPG fraction at CR12 to 45% LPG fraction at CR15. The flame development period is found to decrease with CR and LPG, while the flame propagation period and total combustion duration are found to decrease with CR but increase with LPG. The maximum cylinder pressure and net heat release rate are found to increase by 101% and 27.8% respectively and advanced. CO emissions are found to decrease with CR while increase with LPG fraction. HC is found to decrease with LPG as well as CR. CO2 emissions are found to increase continuously with increasing LPG fractions and CR. The NOx emissions are also found to increase explicitly with LPG and CR, a net 209% increase in it is found 25% LPG at CR 12–45% LPG at CR15. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Consequences of varying compression ratio and ignition timing on engine fueled with E-MEBANOL
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2023) Pandey, J.K.; Dinesh, M.H.; Gn, K.
Alcohols are oxygenated renewable fuels responsible for low carbon emission and high H/C ratio. In the present study, a blend of methanol, ethanol, and n-butanol in equal proportion by volume (E-MEBANOL) is tested as a sustainable fuel for SI engines under variable compression ratio (CR) and ignition timing (SOI). The performance of the engine is found to improve by increasing CR as well as advancing the SOI, as the brake power (BP), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), and volumetric efficiency are found to increase by increasing CR to 15 from 11 at an advanced SOI of 24°CA before top dead center (BTDC) from 16°CA BTDC by 17.54%, 17.47%, and 10.53% respectively. Similarly, combustion is also enhanced with increasing CR and advancing SOI as the peak cylinder pressure (Pmax), and maximum net heat release rate (NHRmax) are found to increase by 60% and 27.64%, respectively, while positions of these peaks are advanced by 17°CA and 18°CA respectively by increasing CR from 11 to 15 and SOI advanced to 24°CA BTDC. The flame development period (CA10) increases with advancing SOI and decreases with increasing CR, while the flame development period (CA10-90) and total combustion duration decrease with both increasing CR and advancing SOI. The CO & HC emissions improve with increasing CR and advancing SOI, while NOx increases drastically, but EGT decreases continuously. © IMechE 2022.
Study of combustion and emission of a SI engine at various CR fuelled with different ratios of biobutanol/hydrogen fuel
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Pandey, J.K.; Kumar, G.N.
The global requirement is shifting to territorial independence of energy sources, and the introduction of alcohols and biofuels are the primary sectors. Recently agriculture products-based ethanol has replaced a larger portion of gasoline. Butanol is another impressive fuel in the same chain, much better than ethanol in many parameters. Butanol has certain limitations, too, such as higher latent heat and low heating value. Therefore, biobutanol/hydrogen is tested experimentally at various compression ratios (CR) in the present study. Brake thermal efficiency was not significantly changed by CR at 90% butanol, while CR is more impressive with increasing hydrogen. The flame development period was reduced by 34%, while the flame propagation phase was reduced by 29% by increasing CR to 15 and hydrogen to 25%. Peak pressure and heat release rate surged by 12.89% and 12.32% and advanced by 6°CA. The coefficient of variations is also reduced by 21% by increasing CR to 15 and hydrogen to 30%. Higher hydrogen faced combustion difficulties due to increasing stratification and heterogeneity during combustion. Unlikely to trend, Tmax (peak cylinder temperature) and NOx were continuously increased with CR and hydrogen due to increased fuel quantity and larger mass burning before TDC. However, CO and HC emissions were reduced by CR due to increased BTE (brake thermal efficiency) and reduced by hydrogen due to less HC supply. A slight increase in HC and CO was noticed for higher hydrogen due to local heterogeneity and disassociation at high temperatures. © 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

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