Faculty Publications
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Item A new hybrid key pre-distribution scheme for wireless sensor networks(Springer New York LLC barbara.b.bertram@gsk.com, 2019) Kumar, A.; Pais, A.R.This article presents a novel hybrid key pre-distribution scheme based on combinatorial design keys and pair-wise keys. For the presented scheme, the deployment zone is cleft into equal-sized cells. We use the combinatorial design based keys to secure intra-cell communication, which helps to maintain low key storage overhead in the network. For inter-cell communication, each cell maintain multiple associations with all the other cells within communication range and these associations are secured with pair-wise keys. This helps to ensure high resiliency against compromised sensor nodes in the network. We provide in-depth analysis for the presented scheme. We measure the resiliency of the presented scheme by calculating fraction of links effected and fraction of nodes disconnected when adversary compromises some sensor nodes in the network. We find that the presented scheme has high resiliency than majority of existing schemes. Our presented scheme also has low storage overhead than existing schemes. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Item A new combinatorial design based key pre-distribution scheme for wireless sensor networks(Springer Verlag service@springer.de, 2019) Kumar, A.; Pais, A.R.In this paper we present a new Combinatorial Design based Key Pre-Distribution scheme (CD-KPD). For the scheme, the network region is divided into cells of equal size and each cell has two types of sensor nodes namely, normal sensor nodes and cluster heads. Within a particular cell, normal sensor nodes can communicate with each other directly and cluster heads are used for inter-cell communication. To ensure secure communication we use CD-KPD to assign keys to all the sensor nodes including cluster heads. We further modify CD-KPD to propose Combinatorial Design based Reduced Key Pre-Distribution scheme (CD-RKPD) by reducing the number of keys stored in each cluster head. The CD-RKPD was need of the hour when we consider to limit the inter-cell communication of each cell within its Lee sphere region. We give in-detail analysis of both the proposed schemes. We measure the resiliency of both proposed schemes by calculating fraction of links disrupted and fraction of cells disconnected when few sensor nodes are compromised in the network. We found that CD-KPD and CD-RKPD outperforms (Ruj and Roy in ACM Trans Sens Netw 6(1):4, 2009) by 59 and 6.5% respectively in terms of Global Resiliency and 5 and 9.7% respectively in terms of fraction of cell disconnected in the network. Further, we found that both our proposed schemes achieves high resiliency than majority of existing schemes. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.Item Combinatorial Design Based Key Pre-distribution Scheme with High Scalability and Minimal Storage for Wireless Sensor Networks(Springer, 2023) Kittur, L.J.; Pais, A.R.Given the sensitivity of applications and the sensor node’s resource constraints, key management is an important security concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Combinatorial Design based schemes are used to propose key pre-distribution in WSNs as they have patterns that can be mapped to the WSNs. We employ Combinatorial Designs to pre-distribute the keys to the sensor nodes. The deployment area is divided into equal-sized regions called cells. The network comprises two types of sensor nodes: ordinary sensor nodes and cell masters. The ordinary sensor nodes within a cell can communicate with each other directly. The inter-cell communication is through the cell masters, which have higher resource capabilities than the ordinary sensor nodes. To take into account the Radio Frequency range of cell masters, we use Lee sphere region around each cell (Ruj in ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN) 6:4, 2009, Rui Key predistribution using partially balanced designs in wireless sensor networks, 2007). The proposed key pre-distribution scheme for cell masters provides high network scalability with low key storage overhead compared to other schemes. The model’s performance is measured in terms of key storage overhead and the number of sensor nodes supported. A detailed analysis of resiliency in terms of fractions of links disrupted is also presented. Also, the proposed scheme achieved better resiliency and requires much less number of keys to be stored in sensor nodes than the existing schemes. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.