Faculty Publications
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Item Colorimetric chemosensors for the detection of environment-polluting arsenite and cyanide(wiley, 2023) K, K.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.; Trivedi, D.R.Due to the biotic and ecological implications of extremely deadly cyanide and arsenite ions, the design, manufacturing, and development of cyanide and arsenite chemosensors has been a particularly active study subject in recent decades. The main works on colorimetric/fluorimetric chemosensor sensing mechanisms and their application in cyanide and arsenite detection are summarized and highlighted. This book chapter categorizes cyanide sensors based on their structure, while arsenite sensors are segregated based on their detecting mechanism strategies. This chapter provides a detailed summary of current research in this field and will be valuable in creating and synthesizing novel cyanide and arsenite chemosensors. © 2024 WILEY-VCH GmbH. Published 2024 by WILEY-VCH GmbH. All rights reserved.Item Recent advances in the fluorescent and colorimetric detection of dihydrogen phosphate(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021) K, N.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.; Trivedi, D.R.In biological systems, phosphates and their derivatives show vital roles in signal transduction and storing of energy. Due to the biotic and chemical importance of dihydrogen phosphate, the detection of the anion has gained greater focus in the area of sensing and supramolecular chemistry. Among the various methods, colorimetric and fluorescent recognition provides a simple and easy way of detection without the need for sophisticated instrumentation and technical skills. The present review focuses on highlighting the colorimetric and fluorescent detection of dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4−) via various detection mechanisms. This review divides the content into six major subtitles (i) Chemosensors based on H- bonding interaction (ii) Chemosensors based on deprotonation mechanism (iii) Chemosensors based on charge transfer interaction (iv) Chemosensors based on photoinduced electron transfer (v) Macrocycles as chemosensors (vi) Metal complexes as chemosensors. In each subdivision, more attention has been given to the detailed mechanism of detection. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Item A complexometric method for the determination of cadmium(II) in presence of other metal ions is described based on the selective masking ability of 2-mercaptoethanol towards cadmium(II). Cadmium and other ions in a given sample solution are initially complexed with excess of EDTA and the surplus EDTA is titrated with lead nitrate solution at pH 5.0-6.0 (hexamethylentetramine), using xylenol orange as indicator. A known excess of 2-mercaptoethanol solution (10% alcoholic) is then added, the mixture is shaken well and the released EDTA from the Cd-EDTA complex is titrated against standard lead nitrate solution. The interferences of various ions are studied and the method is applied to the determination of cadmium in its complexes. Reproducible and accurate results are obtained for 3.5-25 mg of Cd with relative errors ? 0.65% and standard deviations ? 0.06 mg.(Springer New York, Complexometric Determination of Cadmium Using 2-Mercaptoethanol as Masking Reagent) Muralidhara Rao, B.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.1998Item A simple and selective complexometric method for the determination of thallium(III) is proposed by using thioglycolic acid as a masking agent. In the presence of diverse metal ions thallium(III) is complexed with excess EDTA and the surplus EDTA is back titrated (pH 5 - 6 , hexamine) with standard zinc sulphate solution using xylenol orange indicator. A freshly prepared 1% aqueous solution of thioglycolic acid is then added to displace EDTA from Tl(III)-EDTA complex and the released EDTA is titrated with standard zinc sulphate solution. The results for the determination of 4 - 87 mg of thallium are obtained with a relative error of 0.3% and coefficient of variation 0.46%. The effect of diverse ions are studied. The method is applied to the determination of thallium in its complexes and synthetic mixtures.(Indirect complexometric determination of thallium(III) using thioglycolic acid as masking agent) Shetty, P.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.; Gadag, R.V.2000Item A simple, rapid, selective and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of platinum has been proposed based on the colour reaction between platinum(IV) and piperonal thiosemicarbazone (PATS) in 0.008 - 0. 032 M sulphuric acid medium. The greenish yellow complex has an absorption maximum at 360 nm. Beer's law is obeyed upto 6.5 ppm of Pt and the optimum concentration range is 1 - 5.1 ppm of Pt. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity are 3. 239 x 104 1 mol-1 cm-1 and 0.006 ?g cm-2, respectively. The optimum conditions for complete colour development have been investigated by studying parameters like effect of medium, acidity, reagent concentration, time period and effect of diverse ions. The method is used for the determination of platinum in hydrogenation catalysts and platinum complexes.(Rapid spectrophotometric determination of platinum (IV) using piperonal thiosemicarbazone) Shetty, P.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.; Gadag, R.V.2002Item A simple, rapid and accurate complexometric method for the determination of palladium(II) is proposed, based on the selective demasking property of 2-mercapto propionyl glycine (MPGH2) towards palladium(II). In the presence of diverse metal ions, palladium(II) is complexed with excess of EDTA and the surplus EDTA is back titrated at pH 5-5.5 (acetic acid-acetate buffer) with standard zinc sulphate solution using xylenol orange as indicator. An excess of a 0.2% aqueous solution of MPGH2 is then added to displace EDTA from Pd(II)-EDTA complex. The released EDTA is titrated with the same standard zinc sulphate solution as before. Reproducible and accurate results are obtained in the concentration range 2-22 mg of palladium with relative error of ±0.36% and coefficient of variation (n=6) not exceeding 0.31%. The effect of diverse ions are studied. The method is used for the determination of palladium in its complexes, catalysts and synthetic alloy mixtures.(Complexometric determination of palladium(II) using 2-mercapto propionyl glycine as demasking agent) Shetty, P.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.; Gadag, R.V.2002Item A simple, rapid, selective and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of palladium is proposed using piperonal thiosemicarbazone (PATS) as a reagent. The reagent forms a 1:2 complex (Pd:Reagent) with palladium. The yellow complex is soluble in 32-40% ethanol and has an absorption maximum at 363 nm. Beer's law is obeyed upto 3.85 ppm of palladium and the optimum concentration range is 0.5-2.45 ppm of Pd. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity are 3. 80 x 104 dm3 mol-1 cm -1 and 2.8 x 10-3 ?g cm-2, respectively. The experimental conditions for complete colour development and the interference from various ions are investigated. The method is used for the determination of palladium in its complexes and synthetic mixtures.(Spectrophotometric determination of palladium(II) using piperonal thiosemicarbazone) Shetty, P.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.; Gadag, R.V.2003Item A selective complexometric method is described for the determination of mercury(II) using sodium metabisulphite as a masking reagent. An excess of EDTA is added to mercury(II) solution containing associated diverse metal ions and the surplus EDTA is back titrated at pH 5-6 (hexamine buffer) with standard zinc sulphate solution using xylenol orange as indicator. An aqueous solution of sodium metabisulphite is then added to displace EDTA selectively from Hg-EDTA complex and the released EDTA is then titrated against the same standard zinc sulphate solution. Reproducible and accurate results are obtained in the range 4-100 mg of mercury with a relative error ? 0.26% and coefficient of variation ?0.40%. The method is useful for the analysis of mercury in complexes and alloy samples.(Complexometric method for the determination of mercury using sodium metabisulphite as selective masking reagent) Shetty, P.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.2004Item A simple, rapid and selective complexometric method is proposed for the determination of mercury(II) in the presence of associated metal ions. Mercury(II) is first complexed with an excess of EDTA and the surplus EDTA is titrated against standard zinc sulphate solution at pH 5-6 using xylenol orange indicator. Glutathione is then added to displace EDTA from the Hg-EDTA complex quantitatively and the EDTA released is back titrated against a standard zinc sulphate solution as before. The method works well in the range 4 to 80 mg of mercury with a relative error of less than 0.30% and a coefficient of variation of not more than 0.38%. The effect of the presence of various diverse ions has been studied. The method is used for the determination of mercury(II) in its alloys and complexes.(Rapid complexometric determination of mercury(II) using glutathione as a selective demasking reagent) Shetty, P.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.2004Item A complexometric method for the determination of mercury(II) in presence of other metal ions is described based on the selective masking action of 2-mercaptopropionic acid towards mercury(II). Mercury(II) present in a given sample solution is first complexed with an excess of EDTA and the unreacted EDTA is titrated against zinc sulphate solution at pH 5-6 (hexamine buffer) using xylenol orange as the indicator. A 0.5% aqueous solution of 2-mercaptopropionic acid is then added to displace EDTA from the Hg(II)-EDTA complex. The released EDTA is estimated. Reproducible and accurate results are obtained for 4-88 mg of mercury(II) with relative error less than ± 0.46% and coefficient of variation not more than 0.34%. The effects of various ions were studied. The method is used for the analysis of mercury in its synthetic alloy mixtures and also in complexes.(Indirect complexometric determination of mercury(II) using 2-mercaptopropionic acid (2-MPA) as a selective masking agent) Karthikeyan, J.; Parameshwara, P.; Nityananda Shetty, A.N.; Shetty, P.2005