Faculty Publications
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Item Impact of Side Friction on Travel Time Reliability of Urban Public Transit(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Harsha, M.M.; Mulangi, R.H.Travel time reliability is the key aspect that indicates the quality of urban public transit service. The studies on travel time reliability of the public transit system in Indian traffic conditions are few. Also, the impact of side friction elements on travel time reliability has not been considered in the previous studies. Hence, the present study aims to quantify the different types of side friction elements and analyse their impact on the travel time reliability of the public bus transit system. The field data consisting of side friction elements, traffic volume, and travel time of public bus transit have been collected and extracted at two different road sections (divided and undivided) in the Mysore city (Karnataka, India) during weekdays and weekends. The data are grouped into static and dynamic side frictions. An approach has been proposed to represent different types of side friction elements with a single index called the Side Friction Index (SFI) using relative weight analysis. Travel time reliability is represented using measures such as Buffer Time Index (BTI), Planning Time Index (PTI), Travel Time Index (TTI) and Reliable Buffer Index (RBI). The impact of side friction on travel time reliability was found to be sensitive to traffic volume, and hence the thresholds for different traffic volume levels have been determined using K-means clustering method. It was observed from relative weight analysis that the static side friction has a higher weightage (0.509 and 0.327 for the undivided road and divided road respectively) than the dynamic side friction elements in describing the variation of travel time. The impact of side friction on reliability measures at different traffic volume levels has been studied and found to have a non-linear (exponential) relationship. The impact of SFI has been observed to be higher on TTI and PTI in comparison with BTI. The study outcomes show that the impact of side friction on TTI and PTI is sensitive to traffic volume, especially at higher traffic volume level and impact of side friction on BTI is less, especially at medium traffic volume level. The inference from the study shows that the impact of side friction elements varies with respect to the type of road (divided and undivided), traffic volume levels, different days of week (weekday and weekend), and different time periods of day. © 2021, Iran University of Science and Technology.Item Spatiotemporal capacity estimation of bus rapid transit system based on dwell time analysis(King Saud University, 2024) Angadi, V.S.; Halyal, S.; Mulangi, R.H.The performance study of an urban transport system, particularly a Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS), must report on its operations and reliability. Such study of BRTS comprises numerous facets, including capacity, which directly influences how the system practically operates and serves the commuters. Hubballi-Dharwad Bus Rapid Transit System (HDBRTS) has been operational since 2018. A performance study is necessary to evaluate the performance of HDBRTS, which aids in its upgradation and improvement. The current research uses the experimental technique through an innovative and inspired basis to comment on the HDBRTS's performance by estimating the corridor's operational capacity at different spatial and temporal fluctuations. The selected route of the HDBRTS comprises combined segregated (exclusive traffic environment) and unsegregated (mixed traffic environment) stretches. The current study mainly conducted a video graphics-based survey to acquire the necessary data on identified spatial and temporal trends at various HDBRTS bus stations. The essential data gathered consists of Dwell Time (DT)-based data at each station, summarising the total time a bus takes to serve passengers at a station. DT is inversely proportional to the capacity of the particular bus station, which is related to the Failure Rate (FR). FR values of all the bus stations of the route were analyzed using DT, and then capacity values were calculated at different spatiotemporal patterns. Study results show that the busiest stations of the identified routes with critical DT values have FR values in the range of 1–2%, contradicting previous studies. The variations in the capacity of the stations, both spatially and temporally, were graphically represented with the minimum capacity of the segregated stretch as 36 buses/hr and the unsegregated stretch as 31 buses/hr. Finally, the Level Of Service (LOS) of the chosen study corridor was developed using the K-Means clustering algorithm and validated using the Silhouette Coefficient technique. The silhouette coefficient values obtained range from 0.52 to 0.74, indicating a reasonable structure. © 2023 The Authors