Faculty Publications
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Item Mechanistic insight into the endophytic fungus mediated synthesis of protein capped ZnO nanoparticles(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Kadam, V.V.; JagadeeshBabu, P.E.; Mohan Balakrishnan, R.Present investigation is focused on the development of environment friendly protocol for ZnO nanoparticles synthesis using mycelial free filtrate of unexplored endophytic fungus Cochliobolus geniculatus. Zinc metal tolerant endophyte was isolated from leaves of Nothapodytes foetida and identified based on rDNA internal transcribed spacer region sequence. Surface plasmon resonance examined by UV–VIS spectroscopy analysis confirmed the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles; exhibiting a band gap of 3.28 eV. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), high resolution transmission electron microscopy and XRD analysis. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were found to be polydispersed and well distributed deprived of agglomeration, crystalline, quasi spherical particles exhibiting a narrow range distribution. Fluorescence, FTIR and UV–VIS spectra depicted presence of extracellular proteins which was further confirmed by SDS-PAGE study that displayed occurrence of 52 kDa and 58 kDa protein bands involved in the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and further act as capping material. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.Item Amidated pectin and gum Arabic aldehyde-based pH-sensitive hydrogel for targeted colonic treatment(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Singh, H.; JagadeeshBabu, J.; Mohan Balakrishnan, R.In this study, a novel pH-responsive hydrogel was developed by crosslinking amidated pectin(AmPec) with oxidised gum Arabic(GAA) by hydrogen and hemiacetal bonding without the need for toxic crosslinkers for oral delivery of doxorubicin to treat colon cancer. FTIR and NMR confirmed the amidation of pectin and oxidation of Gum Arabic. FTIR confirmed the formation of hydrogen and hemiacetal bonds in the hydrogel. X-ray diffraction(XRD) spectra showed the amorphous characteristic of AmPec-GAA hydrogels compared to their polymer precursors, confirming the formation of a crosslinked hydrogel. AmPec-GAA15 hydrogel swelled around 655 %±39.90 at pH 7.4 compared to 181 %±7.94 swelling at pH 1.2 after 72 h. The release of doxorubicin also followed the same trend, with only 4.48 % ±0.89 doxorubicin release at pH 1.2, while the drug release increased to 68.10 %±3.73 at pH 7.4 after 48 h. SEM micrographs revealed the macroporous and interconnected hydrogel structure with fewer pores in the hydrogel swelled in pH 1.2 compared with pH 7.4, where more visible pores were observed, indicating the pH-sensitive behaviour of the hydrogel. Hydrogel possessed excellent thermal and mechanical stability as revealed by TGA and rheology study, which can also be explored for tissue engineering applications. MTT assay on L929 cells showed cell viability above 95.1 %±,0.0074, demonstrating hydrogels' non-toxic and biocompatible behaviour. Meanwhile, Dox-loaded hydrogel induced higher cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells than free Dox in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the developed hydrogel can be used as an effective oral carrier to deliver doxorubicin to colon cancer while hindering its release in the stomach and thus preventing associated toxicity. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.