Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item Applications of computer in mining industry with special regard to shovel-dumper productivity(2007) Mangalpady, M.; Murthy, Ch.S.N.; Pai, R.; Nand, R.Now-a-days computer is used in every field of engineering, including mining industry, at various stages in various capacities. One of the major problems in surface mining is material handling, which involves transportation of both ore and overburden. Most of the projects make use of shoveldumper system in spite of its huge capital investment and recurring costs. Hence a lot of mind and time has to be devoted before its procurement so as to optimize their number and maximize its utility. This paper addresses various optimization models available for productivity analysis of shovel-dumper fleet. Match factor method is one of the commonly used techniques to know the relative coverage which shovels are getting from truck fleet. Operations research techniques like queuing theory, integer programming, simulation and goal programming consider the probabilistic nature associated with the system. Even though many models are available for optimization and analyzing the productivity of shovel dumper system, further research and study is needed to devise a desirable technique for the same.Item Optimization of shovel-dumper system in surface mines by using match factor method(2009) Mangalpady, M.Computers have brought a revolution in almost every realm of life and become an indispensable part of human activities. Mining industry is no such exception. One of the major problems in surface mining is materials handling, which involves transportation of both ore and overburden. Most of the projects make use of shovel-dumper system due to its high degree of flexibility. This paper addresses application of match factor method for optimization of shovel-dumper fleet in surface mine projects. A surface iron ore mine was simulated using the computer model developed and the match factor was calculated for existing system. To make match factor unity compared to existing match factor of 0.43, it was found that the number of dumpers would have to be increased to 54, in addition to existing trucks. The model attempts to quantify the apparent balance between the number of loading devices and the number of haulage equipment needed.Item A comparison of limit equilibrium method of slope stability analysis with finite element modelling(2009) Mangalpady, M.Stability analysis of slopes susceptible to different types of failures can be performed with different techniques. The selection of an appropriate technique is, therefore, very important in a process of slope stability evaluation. In this paper, slopes of a large surface iron ore mine was analyzed by limit equilibrium method and by finite element modelling. GALENA software was used for analysis by limit equilibrium method and ANSYS for finite element modelling (FEM). Factor of safety (FOS) was calculated by both the methods and they are compared for their applicability. Based on the results obtained by the analysis, conclusions were drawn on the application of these methods. It was found that FEM analysis gives factor of safety value which is found to be lesser than the values determined by limit equilibrium method. This is because it considers more parameters and performs a detailed analysis of stress and strain conditions in the strata under consideration.Item Ergonomic Assessment of Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Surface Mine Workers in India(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Jeripotula, S.K.; Mangalpady, M.; Raj, G.R.Injuries due to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are not uncommon in heavy industry like mining. Researchers acknowledged that occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors is the chief causative factor in the development of WMSDs. The aim of this study was to perform an ergonomic assessment of musculoskeletal disorders among surface mine workers in India. Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used to collect subjective response from 500 workers. A stratified random sampling method according to surface mining work activity type was used to obtain the sample. Data was collected by means of a structured questionnaire, and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze data using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. A response rate of 85% was obtained out of 500 targeted groups. The WMSDs prevalence for the 12-month period was estimated to be 44.23%. The mean and standard deviation of workers’ age were 41.31and 8.927, respectively. The study has shown that the operators of dumpers, dozers, and graders along with electricians were found to be the most susceptible to develop WMSD problems. Among the most affected body parts, back disorder reported the highest. Further, it was found that working with static posture over the longer duration has a significant association with the lower back disorder (with p = 0.020) and bouncing and jarring has also significantly associated with the lower back disorder (with p = 0.023). Similarly, a significant association was found between repetitive work and neck pain (with p = 0.016). The study depicted a significant association between ergonomic hazards and WMSDs, like working with prolonged static posture, bouncing and jarring, and repetitive work. © 2020, Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Inc.Item Musculoskeletal Disorder Risk in the Upper Extremities of Mobile Mining Equipment Operators Exposed to Hand-Transmitted Vibrations in Underground Metal Mines: a Case–Control Study(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Sridhar, S.; Raj, M.G.; Mangalpady, M.Hand-transmitted vibration (HTV) exposure is associated with various health risks for operators of mobile mining equipment (MME). The case–control research was conducted to determine the musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) risks associated with exposure to HTVs in the exposed (case) and non-exposed (control) groups. HTV readings were measured at the interface between the hand and the steering device using the SV 105B triaxial hand accelerometer connected to the SV106 human vibration analyzer involving 40 MME operators in accordance with ISO 5349:2001 guidelines. A questionnaire survey was also carried out among both the study groups using Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. The European Union's 2002/44/E.C. was used to assess the health risks posed to the MME operators. Twenty-eight out of the 40 MMEs were generating HTVs exceeding the stipulated daily limits of vibration, putting 70% of the operators at increased risk for developing MSDs. The case group was found to have an elevated risk of exposure with odds ratio (OR) 7.56 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.159, 49.39) and OR 12.80 (95% CI, 2.436, 67.285) times more likely than the control group to suffer discomfort in the left shoulder and left wrist, respectively, indicating increased risk of exposure to HTV. Additionally, cases had elevated risk associated with exposure to tobacco, OR 9.35(95% CI, 1.856, 47.129) compared to those who did not use tobacco. MSDs were more prevalent in the case group compared to the control group. This observation was validated by the field investigations and the responses of MME operators to the questionnaires. © 2022, Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Inc.Item Physicomechanical Properties and Characterization of Gold Ore Tailings and the Utilization in Manufacturing of Geopolymer Concrete with Class F Fly Ash and Recycled Coarse Aggregates(American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2023) Lokesha, E.B.; Mangalpady, M.; Kumar Reddy, S.K.; Srinivasa, A.S.The mining industry generates a large amount of waste, particularly in the form of tailing dumps, which creates major environmental difficulties such as air pollution, water pollution, soil erosion, and acid mine drainage. Previous studies confirmed that the mine waste could be used in making building materials, such as bricks, tiles, concrete blocks, pavement blocks, and precast concrete elements. However, gold ore tailings (GOTs) are recognized as major mine residues in the mining industry. In this study, GOTs were utilized as partial replacement material (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% by weight) to fine aggregates such as river sand (RS) and low calcium fly ash (FA) as binder material in the manufacture of geopolymer concrete (GPC) along with recycled coarse aggregates. The GPC samples were cast and cured at room temperature until the curing ages; subsequently, the compressive strength of the samples was determined. This study demonstrated that the RS can be partially substituted in the manufacture of GPC by GOTs up to 15% with a slump value of 38.6 mm and the maximum compressive strength of 35.8 MPa. The mineralogical and chemical composition of raw materials (i.e., GOTs and FA) was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), respectively. The XRD analysis revealed that the quartz has the highest peak intensity of 55% in GOTs and 50% of corundum in FA. The XRF analysis exhibited that GOTs and FA have high silicon oxides up to 39% and 38%, respectively. The crushed GPC samples were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy to observe the morphological changes. The GPC sample comprised 15% GOTs exhibited denser and compacted microstructures. © 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.Item An analytical hierarchy approach for studying the impact of human error, environmental factors, and equipment failure on mine accidents: a case study in India(Springer, 2024) Kar, M.B.; Mangalpady, M.; Kunar, B.M.This paper presents a study using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to understand and prioritize the accidents that have occurred in the Indian mining industry. The data for the study was collected from accident reports submitted to the Directorate General of Mines Safety from 2011 to 2020. The accident information was divided into six categories (i.e., accidents due to ground movement, transport machinery, machinery other than transport, explosives, electricity shock, and fall-of-person). These accidents were considered alternatives in the AHP analysis. Three risk factors (i.e., environment, equipment fault, and human error) that caused the accident were considered as criteria in the AHP analysis. The safety expert carefully examined the pattern of accidents and ranked the relative importance of the alternatives with respect to each criterion. This rank was used to build the AHP model using the R programming language and the AHP library (version 0.2.8). The results revealed that the highest number of accidents occurred due to the transport machinery (0.306), followed by accidents due to ground movement (0.232), falls of individuals (0.206), machinery other than transportation (0.122), electricity (0.082), and explosives (0.048). In order to identify the contributing risk factors for each type of mining accident, the weight and the rank of the criteria were determined. The result showed that the most accidents in the six accident categories are due to human error (0.26), followed by environmental (0.25) and equipment faults. The finding of the study provides valuable insights for the mining industry to develop effective strategies to mitigate mine accidents. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden 2024.