Faculty Publications
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Item Performance analysis of 65 nm CMOS LNA using SSL technique for 5G cellular front-end receivers(Elsevier GmbH k.ernst@elsevier.com, 2020) R, V.; Gorre, P.; Song, H.; Kumar, S.This paper presents a performance analysis of a wideband low noise amplifier (LNA) that utilizes a 65 nm CMOS Samsung mm-wave process. The proposed CMOS LNA designed with new built-in techniques will overcome the challenges faced by device parasitic and electromagnetic (EM) losses. A suspended substrate line (SSL) is characterized and analyzed with its dual-band operation and achieves excellent EM compatibility. The traditional EM losses in bulk active and passive components have been incurred using built-in techniques to provide better linearity of LNA. The proposed mm-wave LNA enables it's each family component to avoid leakage of EM waves and its interconnected parasitic losses in layout. An SSL based parallel-series network is optimized to achieve a wide bandwidth of 26 GHz to 34 GHz. The full design of LNA achieves the highest peak gain of 25 dB by using proper 50 ? matching constraints over the wideband response of 27.8 GHz to 32.5 GHz. The fabricated chip of LNA is given a supply voltage of 1.2 V, and the calculated chip area is 0.35*0.22 mm2. The simulation and measurement results demonstrate the minimum noise figure of 2.5 dB and achieve the highest stability factor in the desired band of operation. The LNA also measured linearity with a 1 dB compression point where input power of ?19dBm has obtained at 30.5 GHz. © 2020 Elsevier GmbHItem A 8–12 GHz, 44.3 dBm RF output class FF?1 DPA using quad-mode coupled technique for new configurable front-end 5G transmitters(Springer, 2021) Kumar, R.; Dwari, S.; Kumar Kanaujia, B.K.; Kumar, S.; Song, H.This paper presents a high-efficiency Class FF - 1 DPA using the quad-mode coupled technique for new configurable front-end 5G transmitters. The proposed DPA consists of carrier PA, main PA, input–output matching network and hybrid power network (HPN). The HPN includes a quad-mode coupled technique which is four-section U-shaped transmission line. The HPN is used for even–odd mode impedance analysis to ensures the high-selectivity of output power and achieve a wideband response in the presence of harmonic control conditions. The optimum harmonic impedance is analyzed for the desired band to achieve high output power and efficiency. The DPA circuit is fabricated by using 0.25 µm GaN HEMT on silicon nitride monolithic microwave integrated circuit die process. At maximum output power level of 44.3 dBm, the delivered power-added efficiency (PAE) of 64.3–67.3% and drain efficiency (DE) of 71.7–73.7% at even–odd mode operation are achieved with a gain of 13.0–14.3 dB. For the output power level of 39.045 dBm corresponding to 9 dB output back-off (OBO), the drain efficiency lies between 55–62% with 73% fractional bandwidth. All the demonstrated transmission parameters are working in the band of 8–12 GHz. The size of the chip is 2.8 × 1.9 mm2 and it occupies less die area as compared to the existing DPAs. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Item Robust transmission using channel encoding towards 5G New Radio: A telemetry approach(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Sharma, V.; Arya, R.K.; Kumar, S.This paper presents a robust channel encoding scheme under adaptive modulation and coding for a massive machine type communication device in 5G new radio. For the very first time, mode-selection and distance statistics algorithms have been simultaneously evaluated, in which together it provides the closest approximation of efficient adaptive modulation and coding with robust transmission. The prediction of optimum adaptive modulation and coding is based on the analysis of uplink packet using distance statistics, and downlink packet using mode-selection mechanism. The performance of 5G new radio by incorporating OFDM subcarrier has been evaluated using analytical as well as simulation approach. Mode-selection algorithm has been considered to predict the environmental condition under a fading channel while the distance statistics provide feedback of the previously transmitted channel condition. The result of both the approaches provide a better bit error rate for adaptive modulation & coding profile under 1/4, 1/18, 1/16 and 1/32 cyclic prefix. © 2021Item A robust transmission with enhancement of 5G PHY using FBMC and AMC for machine-to-machine communication node(KeAi Communications Co., 2023) Sharma, V.; Arya, R.K.; Kumar, S.Advancement of 5G new radios has enabled more robust communication for the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication node, using filter bank multicarrier (FBMC). This paper focuses on robust transmission over random fluctuations of the channel and also enhances the battery life for the massive machine type communication (mMTC) node. Filter bank multicarrier and Adaptive Modulation Coding (AMC) have been utilized together to enhance the performance of the 5G (NR) PHY layer. A frame-to-frame implementation is used to diminish the impact of fading using AMC, while efficient utilization of spectrum is achieved using FBMC. The selection of the AMC profile is obtained through the analysis of uplink packets using the Distance Statistics (DS). The FBMC is incorporated with 5G PHY in place of OFDM to achieve the optimum utilization of spectrum and also obtain a significant reduction in peak to average power ratio (PAPR) for robust transmission, which saves 10% of the battery requirement. On the basis of channel state information, distance statistics were employed to optimize the AMC. The optimum selection of AMC with FBMC will reduce the bit error rate (BER) against multipath fading and ensure the better utilization of available spectrum to attain the optimum utilization of the power amplifier. © 2023 The AuthorsItem Lagrange's multiplier based resource management for energy efficient D2D communication in 5G networks(Springer, 2023) Pandey, K.; Arya, R.; Kumar, S.Device to device communication is the predominantly renowned trait for the 5G network and IoT applications. In the work, proposed novel joint low power/energy efficient resource allocation with mode selection for the D2D communication underlay in-band with transmit power, interference, data rate constraints are investigated with formulation of a novel problem which integrates the three major modules (resource management, mode selection, and power management) of D2D communication into one. To achieve the low power/energy efficient resource allocation with mode selection, we formulate novel optimization problem with objective of maximizing the energy efficiency using the subtractive form method to solve fractional objective function and form an iterative algorithm. The formulated fractional optimization problem is transformed into min–max problem and solved by the Lagrange dual function with low transmit power, interference, data rate constraints as a lagrange multipliers via an iterative process to achieve the optimal low power. Numerical analysis exemplifies and validates the optimal low power and the energy efficient characteristics of the novel proposed algorithm with all constraints to ensure the quality of the communication for the D2D communication, 5G, and IoT applications with the industrial need of low power/energy efficient devices to promote the conservation of energy and green communication. © 2021, The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden.Item Adaptive DFT-s-OFDM employed novel multi layered scheme for reduction of PAPR for mMTC node in 5G (NR)(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Sharma, V.; Arya, R.K.; Kumar, S.In 5G New Radio, The DFT-s-OFDM is a promising multiplexing technique for enhancing the average power of subcarriers to reduce the overall peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). The peak of subcarrier is too high then the impact of DFT-s-OFDM is quite inferior. An Adaptive DFT-s-OFDM employed multilayered novel mechanism has been proposed in this research article to reduce the PAPR. The extent of sub-band is varied in accordance with predefined threshold value to enhance average power, meanwhile clipping is applied to shape the peak value of subcarrier. The clipping technique reduced the subcarrier's peak power. The proposed approach has the greater impact in order to enhance the efficiency of non-linear Power Amplifier (PA). The PAPR is suppressed by the multilayered strategy in two ways. The first is the numerator element, which is the reduction of peak power by clipping operation, and the second is the denominator element, which is the improvement of average power through K-point DFT sub-band. The superior time–frequency localization of DFT-s-OFDM across uplink transmissions reduces the requirement for difficult node-to-node synchronization, which is potentially used by the mMTC nodes. The proposed adaptive DFT-s-OFDM modulation scheme performs better than conventional OFDM modulation, which is approximately 24% more effective at 6 dB. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.Item A 28 nm CMOS low-noise amplifier with novel redundant noise cancellation technique beyond ultra-wideband for 6G-based wireless systems(Elsevier GmbH, 2024) Naik, D.N.; Gorre, P.; Prasad Gupta, M.; Kumar, S.; Al-Shidaifat, A.; Song, H.In the current scenario, almost 5G-based wireless systems have been deployed everywhere but still performance trade-offs of RF amplifiers in the sub-nanometer regime are challenging. In this work, a high-performance low-noise amplifier (LNA) is realized in a 28 nm CMOS process with a novel redundant noise cancellation technique (RnC). The proposed technique improves the noise figure (NF) beyond the ultra-wideband of a low-noise amplifier (LNA) and minimizes the trade-off in the 28 nm process. An ultra-low NF is achieved in two approaches; Firstly, a current mirror network is employed in the primary path to cancel the thermal noise of the dominant transistor of a common gate-common source (CG-CS) without an extra power supply. Secondly, an auxiliary amplifier stage is introduced here to reduce the noise which contributes to the current mirror circuit and cancels the distortion in CG-CS topology without violating the traditional noise cancellation condition. In addition, an analytical approach is followed to optimize the input impedance, gain bandwidth and noise figure. Hence, the proposed RnC LNA benefits in achieving good tradeoffs among gain, bandwidth, NF, and power consumption in 28 nm technology node. The proposed RnC LNA is analyzed and fabricated using CMOS 28 nm technology, occupying an area of 0.011 mm2. The proposed design achieves an optimum performance: nearly flat gain of 15.3 dB, minimum NF of 1.7 dB over 1.7 to 12.52 GHz, and an IIP3 of − 2.6 dBm at 6.5 GHz. The proposed LNA consumes ultra-low power consumption of 1.8 mW under the power supply of 1 V. © 2023