Faculty Publications

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Publications by NITK Faculty

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Author: search.filters.author.Kumar, H.Subject: search.filters.subject.Active suspension systems

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Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Vertical dynamic analysis of a quarter car suspension system with MR damper
    (Springer Verlag service@springer.de, 2017) Hemanth, K.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
    This paper presents ride comfort and road holding analysis of passive and semi-active suspension system using quarter car model. Semi-active suspension system with magnetorheological (MR) damper was modeled as non-parametric model-based magnetic flux density in the fluid flow gap. The skyhook control strategy was used to analyze semi-active control performance. The simulation of passive and semi-active suspension system was carried out under random road profile for different velocities. The result shows that semi-active suspension has significant improvement in terms of ride comfort and road holding of vehicle than passive suspension system. Experimental studies have been conducted to characterize MR damper and a good match is observed between results with simulation results obtained using non-parametric model. © 2016, The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering.
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    An approach for characterizing twin-tube shear-mode magnetorheological damper through coupled FE and CFD analysis
    (Springer Verlag service@springer.de, 2018) Gurubasavaraju, T.M.; Kumar, H.; Mahalingam, A.
    The most promising technology in the field of semi-active suspension systems is the use of magnetorheological property of MR fluid, whose material behavior can be controlled through external magnetic field. Devices developed based on this principle are adaptive and controllable as desired for a specific application. It is important to understand the damping characteristics of these devices before employing them, using experimental or computational approaches. In the present work, both experimental and computational methods have been adopted for characterizing a twin-tube MR damper with an intention to develop a computational approach as an alternative to experimental test in the preliminary design stage. Initially, experimental characterization of MR damper was carried out at 1.5 and 2 Hz frequencies for damper stroke length of ± 5 mm under different DC currents ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 A. Later, coupled finite-element and computational fluid dynamic analysis has been carried out to estimate the damping force under same conditions as used in the experiment. The results of computation are in good agreement with experimental ones. Furthermore, using this computational approach, the damping force at different frequencies of 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 Hz has been estimated and its time histories are also plotted. The influence of fluid flow gap on the damping force has been determined and results revealed that damping force behaves inversely with fluid flow gap. © 2018, The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering.
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    Dynamic analysis of half car model with MR damper as semi-active suspension element
    (International Institute of Acoustics and Vibrations P O Box 13 Auburn AL 36831, 2018) Hemanth, K.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
    This paper presents the dynamic analysis of a half-car model with a magnetorheological (MR) damper subjected to random excitation. Experimental studies have been conducted to predict the behavior of the prototype twin-tube MR damper. The mathematical model of the prototype MR damper has been proposed by using the Bouc-Wen model. The half-car model with the MR damper has been used to predict the ride comfort and road holding performance. Comparative studies between the half-car model with the passive and semi-active suspension system with a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control shows that the MR damper suspension system offers a good performance. © 2018 International Institute of Acoustics and Vibrations. All Rights Reserved.
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    Performance analysis of a semi-active suspension system using coupled CFD-FEA based non-parametric modeling of low capacity shear mode monotube MR damper
    (SAGE Publications Ltd, 2019) Gurubasavaraju, G.; Kumar, H.; Mahalingam, A.
    In this work, an approach for formulation of a non-parametric-based polynomial representative model of magnetorheological damper through coupled computational fluid dynamics and finite element analysis is presented. Using this, the performance of a quarter car suspension subjected to random road excitation is estimated. Initially, prepared MR fluid is characterized to obtain a relationship between the field-dependent shear stress and magnetic flux density. The amount of magnetic flux induced in the shear gap of magnetorheological damper is computed using finite element analysis. The computed magnetic field is used in the computational fluid dynamic analysis to calculate the maximum force induced under specified frequency, displacement and applied current using ANSYS CFX software. Experiments have been conducted to verify the credibility of the results obtained from computational analysis, and a comparative study has been made. From the comparison, it was found that a good agreement exists between experimental and computed results. Furthermore, the influence of fluid flow gap length and frequency on the induced force of the damper is investigated using the computational methods (finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamic) for various values. This proposed approach would serve in the preliminary design for estimation of magnetorheological damper dynamic performance in semi-active suspensions computationally prior to experimental analysis. © IMechE 2018.
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    Design and experimental characterization of a twin-tube MR damper for a passenger van
    (Springer Verlag service@springer.de, 2019) Desai, R.M.; Jamadar, M.E.H.; Kumar, H.; Joladarashi, S.; Raja Sekaran, S.C.
    The smart behavior of magneto-rheological (MR) fluid is used in the present work in designing, experimentally characterizing and analyzing a MR damper for automotive application using the twin-tube damper concept. A commercially available passive damper of a passenger van was tested to find the characteristic damping requirement of the vehicle. With this as reference, a twin-tube MR damper working in valve mode was designed and fabricated. The magnetic flux density induced in the fluid flow gap is maximized using Taguchi analysis and finite element method magnetics (FEMM) software. The FEMM results are validated by verifying with results obtained analytically using electromagnetic circuit theory. The MR damper filled with commercially available MR fluid was experimentally tested in damper testing machine. The results demonstrate that the force developed by the MR damper is indeed increasing with the value of the current supplied. At various frequencies of input oscillation, the energy dissipated by the MR damper in a single cycle increases significantly with current supplied. The novelty of this work is that a twin-tube MR damper working in valve mode was designed as a replacement for the passive damper used in a passenger van. The MR damper thus developed is capable of producing practical levels of damping force at actual operating frequencies and amplitudes of the passive damper in the passenger van. For further analysis, the behavior of the MR damper is modeled by using the Bouc–Wen model for hysteretic systems. A proportional–integral–derivative controller is used to track the desired damping force in time domain to demonstrate the application of the MR damper in a semi-active suspension system. © 2019, The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering.
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    Study the dynamic behaviour of seven DOF of full car model with semi-active suspension system
    (Inderscience Publishers, 2021) Hemanth, H.; Shamanth, S.; Devaraj, D.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
    This paper presents an investigation on the ride comfort and road-holding performance of a vehicle equipped with the semi-active suspension system. The full car semi-active suspension model with 7 degrees of freedom (7 DOF) system is adopted for the study and a fuzzy-logic control strategy is considered for minimising the effect of road disturbance on vehicle performance. The responses of a vehicle have been analysed under the Indian average random road profile (ISO8608) against the conventional passive suspension system. The performance of the semi-active suspension system is evaluated by heave, roll and pitch acceleration of the vehicle body around its centre of gravity. The performance of a vehicle with the semi-active suspension system has been compared with the response conventional passive suspension system. The result specifies that, the semi-active suspension system with a fuzzy-logic controller reduces around 43% of vibration amplitude at the resonance frequency of vehicle than the passive suspension system. © © 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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    Experimental and Analytical Evaluation of an Acceleration-Based Semiactive Control Strategy for Automotive Suspension Systems with Magneto-Rheological Damper
    (SAE International, 2023) Jamadar, M.E.H.; Devikiran, P.; Kumar, H.; Joladarshi, S.
    Most of the control strategies presented to date are based on either the velocities or displacement of the vehicle body and the wheel which are derived by filtering and converting the data from the accelerometer. This increases the computational load and therefore directly affects the performance of the semiactive suspension system. This study presents a control strategy purely based on the acceleration for semiactive control of vehicle suspension with a magneto-rheological MR damper. The effectiveness of the acceleration-based skyhook (ASH) control strategy is compared with the existing velocity-based skyhook (VSH) control strategy based on the vibration response of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system. The effectiveness of ASH is evaluated experimentally, and the reaction time is evaluated analytically. The experimental results revealed that the ASH reduces the peak displacement and peak acceleration of the mass under the free vibration test and also improves the settling time as compared to VSH. The amplitude of the displacement and acceleration was also found to be reduced under the forced vibration test with maximum improvement observed during high-frequency excitation. The reaction time of ASH was also found to be considerably lower than VSH. Therefore, it was learned that the proposed ASH performed better under high-frequency excitation than under lower-frequency excitation. Moreover, the lower reaction time of the ASH could improve the overall performance of the semiactive suspension system. © 2023 SAE International.
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    Design and fabrication of cost effective semi-active vehicular suspension system and testing on full scale quarter car suspension rig
    (Techno-Press, 2024) Puneet, N.P.; Saini, R.S.T.; Kumar, H.
    Smart materials, such as magnetorheological (MR) fluid, have received considerable research attention in recent years due to their unique capabilities. MR fluid, which possesses a magnetic field controllable viscosity, has been extensively studied for vehicular applications with the aim of synthesizing optimal MR fluids, designing optimal MR dampers, and developing control strategies. However, a comprehensive study that primarily focuses on developing a cost-effective semi-active suspension system for a commercial vehicle in a developing nation is still lacking. This study addresses this gap by synthesizing an in-house MR fluid and studying its rheological properties. Subsequently, a novel single-sensor-based controller is developed and closed-loop simulations are conducted on a quarter-car semi-active model. Finally, the overall semi-active quarter-car suspension system is experimentally tested using a suspension test rig. The performance of the proposed system in terms of ride comfort and road holding is evaluated and is compared with simple control strategies. The dynamic range of the developed semi-active MR damper is found to be around 2.3, indicating a significant MR effect. The results suggest an intermediate response using the proposed acceleration-driven controller (ADV) at lower frequencies and similar performance to that of the skyhook controller at higher frequencies. The cost-effective methodology proposed in this study is effective and can be adapted for other semi-active engineering applications. © © 2024 Techno-Press, Ltd.
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    Performance evaluation of magneto-rheological damper with spring accumulator and on-road testing by implementing in a four wheeler vehicle
    (Springer, 2025) Puneet, N.P.; Devikiran, P.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
    Passenger vehicles running over roads are undergoing speedy updates every now and then in terms of design, luxury and passenger expectations. Above all, a passenger expects greater comfort in a vehicle throughout the journey. In many possible ways, semi-active suspension systems are proving themselves as optimum choice between passive and active systems. The present study emphasizes the performance analysis of a class of semi-active systems called magneto-rheological (MR) dampers. An MR damper suitable for a specific four wheeler vehicle with McPherson suspension system is designed and developed with a spring accumulator. The MR damper thus developed has undergone characterization testing subjected to variable input excitation conditions. The MR fluid for this damper is prepared in the laboratory. Sky-hook and ground-hook controllers are used as the current controlling devices. The developed MR damper is then used in the suspension system of the front half of the four wheeler vehicle for on-road testing. The developed damper showed about 20% improvement in the ride comfort level when used with the control strategies. © Indian Academy of Sciences 2025.