Faculty Publications

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Author: search.filters.author.Kumar, B.Y.S.

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    Compressive and swelling behavior of cuttlebone derived hydroxyapatite loaded PVA hydrogel implants for articular cartilage
    (American Institute of Physics Inc. subs@aip.org, 2018) Kumar, B.Y.S.; Mohan Kumar, G.C.; Isloor, A.M.
    Developing a novel antibacterial, nontoxic and biocompatible hydrogel with superior physio mechanical properties is still becoming a challenge. Herein, we synthesize hydroxyapatite (HA) powder from cuttlefish bone and prepare a series of stiff, tough, high strength, biocompatible hydrogel reinforced with HA by integrating glutaraldehyde into PVA/HA. Powder was characterized by SEM and XRD. Compressive strength and swelling properties are studied and compare the results with the properties of healthy natural articular cartilage. © 2018 Author(s).
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    Viscoelastic behavior of HAp reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel for tissue engineered articular cartilages
    (American Institute of Physics Inc. subs@aip.org, 2019) Kumar, B.Y.S.; Isloor, A.M.; Mohan Kumar, G.C.
    Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels have desirable characteristics for use as a soft tissue substitute. However, their low mechanical strength and biocompatibility hinder the wide range of biomedical application. Herein, hydroxyapatite blended PVA/HAp composite hydrogel was developed by freeze-thawing and annealing method. The microstructure and rheological properties such as storage and loss modulus are investigated. Samples showed a porous structure with interconnected porosity and HAp distributed uniformly in a PVA matrix. Further, the composite hydrogel showed favorable viscoelastic properties and is suitable for artificial articular cartilage replacement. © 2018 Author(s).
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    Structure and rheology of chitosan-nanohydroxyapatite composite hydrogel for soft tissue regeneration
    (American Institute of Physics Inc. subs@aip.org, 2020) Kumar, B.Y.S.; Isloor, A.M.; Periasamy, K.; Kumar, G.C.M.
    Chitosan (CS) hydrogels show desirable characteristics to use a soft tissue implants due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability and antimicrobial characteristics. However, the structural stability hinders its application in vivo. In the present work nanohydroxyapatite (HAp) was reinforced with chitosan hydrogel and to develop chitosan-hydroxyapatite (CS-HAp) composite hydrogel. The nanohydroxyapatite modifies the hydrogel network by promoting the secondary hydrogen bonds thereby enhances the mechanical stiffness. The elastic modulus could reach 10 kPa which is necessary for the proposed application. Overall, chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite hydrogels are the promising implant materials for next-generation soft tissue regeneration. © 2020 Author(s).
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    Calcium phosphate bioceramics with polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels for biomedical applications
    (Institute of Physics Publishing helen.craven@iop.org, 2019) Kumar, B.Y.S.; Isloor, A.M.; Sukumaran, S.; Venkatesan, J.; Mohan Kumar, G.C.M.
    Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels show desirable characteristics to use as a biomaterial especially for soft tissue replacement. However, their bio inertness restricts their application in vivo. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol was blended with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and to develop a composite hydrogel by a physical freeze-thawing method, followed by annealing treatment. The synthesized bi-phasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and composite hydrogels were characterized by SEM, XRD and FTIR. The concentration of BCP was optimized and it was found that BCP modifies the hydrogel network by developing the secondary electrostatic bonding between matrix and reinforcement. The highest tensile and compressive strength could reach 5.2 ± 0.6 MPa and 14.9 ± 0.3 MPa respectively for PVA/2.5BCP and they exhibit time-dependent, rapid self-recoverable and fatigue resistant behavior based on the cyclic loading-unloading compression test. Similar observations were found for viscoelastic properties which are relevant for the tissue engineering application. Friction study showed the composite hydrogel had a cartilage-like frictional response, dominated by the interstitial fluid support. Besides composite hydrogel showed excellent antimicrobial activity against bacterial species, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans fungi, and the cytocompatibility towards L929 fibroblast cells provides a potential pathway to develop a hydrogel as a promising substitute for tissue engineering scaffold material. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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    Nanohydroxyapatite Reinforced Chitosan Composite Hydrogel with Tunable Mechanical and Biological Properties for Cartilage Regeneration
    (Nature Publishing Group Houndmills Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, 2019) Kumar, B.Y.S.; Isloor, A.M.; Mohan Kumar, G.C.M.; Siddique, I.; Asiri, A.M.
    With the continuous quest of developing hydrogel for cartilage regeneration with superior mechanobiological properties are still becoming a challenge. Chitosan (CS) hydrogels are the promising implant materials due to an analogous character of the soft tissue; however, their low mechanical strength and durability together with its lack of integrity with surrounding tissues hinder the load-bearing application. This can be solved by developing a composite chitosan hydrogel reinforced with Hydroxyapatite Nanorods (HANr). The objective of this work is to develop and characterize (physically, chemically, mechanically and biologically) the composite hydrogels loaded with different concentration of hydroxyapatite nanorod. The concentration of hydroxyapatite in the composite hydrogel was optimized and it was found that, reinforcement modifies the hydrogel network by promoting the secondary crosslinking. The compression strength could reach 1.62 ± 0.02 MPa with a significant deformation of 32% and exhibits time-dependent, rapid self-recoverable and fatigue resistant behavior based on the cyclic loading-unloading compression test. The storage modulus value can reach nearly 10 kPa which is needed for the proposed application. Besides, composite hydrogels show an excellent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria’s and Candida albicans fungi and their cytocompatibility towards L929 mouse fibroblasts provide a potential pathway to developing a composite hydrogel for cartilage regeneration. © 2019, The Author(s).