Faculty Publications
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Item Investigation of microstructural and tribological behavior of Metco 41C+WC-12Co composite coatings sprayed via HVOF process(CRC Press, 2021) Prasad, C.D.; Mathapati, M.; Ramesh, M.R.; Joladarashi, S.The present work deals with developing an elevated-temperature sliding, wear-resistant, iron-based (Metco 41C) composite coating on the boiler steel substrate using high-velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) system. Prior to coating, Metco 41C (70%) and WC-12Co (30%) were mixed mechanically using ball milling process. Later, feedstock was employed into the HVOF system to develop the coating. The coating samples were subjected to metallurgical and mechanical characterization techniques under required conditions. Further substrate and coating were taken for wear test without employing lubrication through pin on disc apparatus. Wear test was carried out by selecting 10 and 20 N loads at room temperature, 200°C, and 300°C parameters. The sliding distance and the velocity were kept constant. The worn-out samples were analyzed for microstructural changes and formation of phases using SEM and XRD methods, respectively. The wear properties of friction coefficient, wear rate, and loss of volume were calculated. Deposited coating exhibited hard phases such as Cr3C2, Ni3C, W2C, Fe2C, and SiC along with intermetallic phases like Mo2C and Co3W3C. The result is improvement in hardness and better wear resistance with respect to the substrate. © 2022 selection and editorial matter, Lalit Thakur, Hitesh Vasudev. All rights reserved.Item Low-velocity Impact Response of Jute/Banana Fiber in Natural Rubber-Based Hybrid Composites: FE Approach(Springer, 2024) Kumbhare, K.; Mahesh, V.; Joladarashi, S.Green composites are proposed as environmentally friendly, easily recycled, and reusable advanced composite materials. The present study aims at studying the damage done by low-velocity impact (LVI) of jute and banana fiber-based green composites using commercial finite element (FE) software. The LVI response is evaluated for flat, hemispherical, and conical impactors at three velocities of 5, 10, and 15 m/s. Hybrid composites are modeled in two stacking sequences: jute-rubber-banana-rubber-jute (JRBRJ) and banana-rubber-jute-rubber-banana (BRJRB). These hybrid green composites are compared to their pure fiber counterpart composites, i.e., jute-rubber-jute-rubber-jute (JRJRJ) and banana-rubber-banana-rubber-banana (BRBRB). The ABAQUS Finite Element Modeling software is used to model, and the explicit dynamic solver is used to simulate these proposed composites. The absorbed energy at 5 m/s for flat impactor for JRJRJ and BRBRB is 3.5 J and 0.52 J, respectively, whereas for JRBRJ and BRJRB is 2.3 J and 1.4 J, respectively. Similar results are obtained for 10 and 15 m/s. The energy absorbed follows a sequence JRJRJ > (JRBRJ, BRJRB) > BRBRB. The flat impactor has more damage due to its larger contact area and high energy absorption at higher velocities. Impact due to conical impactor shows local penetration and lower energy absorption. Results show that the proposed composites exhibit better energy absorption due to a flexible matrix and more resistance to damage due to the involvement of a hybrid structure which makes the composite stiffer. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Ballistic impact analysis of multilayered armour system using finite element analysis(Elsevier, 2024) Doddamani, S.; Kulkarni, S.M.; Joladarashi, S.; Mohan Kumar, T.S.; Gurjar, A.K.The application of finite element analysis (FEA) to the ballistic impact analysis of polymer composites used in armor is covered in this chapter. This study aims to assess polymer composite armor materials' performance and establish their resistance to high-velocity projectile impacts. The use of FEA enables accurate simulations of the impact process that take into consideration the properties of the materials, the geometry of the projectile and the armor panel, and the impact conditions. The investigation' findings shed important light on how the polymer composite armor responds to impacts and its capacity to absorb and dissipate impact energy. For the development of cutting-edge armor materials and the multiscale modeling method of armor design, this information is essential. The chapter ends with recommendations for further research as well as a discussion of the difficulties and restrictions of employing FEA for ballistic impact analysis. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved including those for text and data mining AI training and similar technologies.Item Tribological Performance of Fe-Based Composite Coatings Under Elevated Temperature Conditions(Springer, 2025) Chandramouli, T.V.; Joladarashi, S.; Ramesh, M.R.The present study investigated the tribological performance of Fe-based coatings reinforced with carbides onto a maraging steel substrate using the HVOF spray technique. These materials are widely used in manufacturing various components in the aerospace and energy sectors. Commercially available SS316L and 17-4PH are reinforced with WC–Co feedstock powders to deposit these composite coatings on maraging steel substrate. The dry sliding wear tests were conducted using the ball-on-disc tribometer at varying temperatures (25 and 300 °C) with 10 N normal load using an alumina ball (Al2O3) as the counter body. The study includes micro-hardness, porosity, density, bond strength, and surface roughness of the coatings. The samples subjected to wear testing were analyzed using SEM/EDS and XRD techniques, and the wear scar volume was measured using a 3D profilometer to calculate the volume metric loss. The wear rate of SS316L30%WC–Co is 64.46% lower than that of 17-4PH30%WC–Co at room temperature and 67.33% lower at 300 °C under a load of 10 N. At room temperature, the worn surface exhibited abrasive wear, while at 300 °C, adhesive wear and oxidative wear were observed owing to the formation of protective layers. Therefore, SS316L-30%WC–Co demonstrates superior wear resistance compared to 17-4PH-30%WC–Co and offers enhanced mechanical strength, particularly in challenging environments. The deposition of these coatings effectively protects the maraging steel substrate. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.Item Fatigue and Modal Analysis of Pylon of Aircraft Using Metal Matrix Composites(Springer, 2025) Sharma, S.; Joladarashi, S.The aviation sector is working to make airplanes lighter to conserve fuel and eventually reduce overall expenses. This study presents the efforts made to decrease the weight of pylons through material composition changes. This study uses metal matrix composites instead of titanium alloy, which is often employed, to reduce weight while maintaining the structure's ideal strength. Modeling uses Dassault Systèmes products like SolidWorks®, and Abaqus®, software. Commercially accessible analytic products like Abaqus® and Ansys® software were used for the analysis. For modeling and analysis, the dimensions of the pylons and the load data are obtained from available literature sources. The model's fatigue life and modal frequency data were examined. The results were compared with accessible data from the literature and quantitatively examined for fatigue life and critical frequency. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.Item Tribological aspects of Al and Mg composites(Elsevier, 2025) Koppad, P.G.; Joladarashi, S.; Ramesh, M.R.; Keshavamurthy, R.It is well known that the technical function of a large number of engineering components/parts depends on motion. However, the term motion here is not as simple as it sounds, because it comes with consequences in the form of friction and wear. Along with lubrication, the science that deals with friction and wear is known as tribology. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to tribology and acquire knowledge on the tribological behavior of materials, as the tribological characteristics such as friction and wear have been causing poor efficiency in engineering structures, huge economic losses, and environmental impacts. One way of addressing these issues lies in the development of lightweight materials based on metals such as aluminum and magnesium. Although one cannot employ these metals in their pure form, but modification in their microstructure and properties can certainly address the needs required for tribological applications. Keeping this in mind, this chapter covers the properties of aluminum and magnesium metals, basic aspects of tribology and most importantly, the work carried out on the friction and wear behavior of aluminum- and magnesium-based composites. The importance of this chapter lies in promoting better knowledge of the tribological behavior of aluminum and magnesium composites, especially from a various wear parameters point of view. The influence of material composition and wear parameters on tribological behavior is covered with a follow-up section on numerical and optimization methods employed for predicting tribological characteristics. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..Item Behaviour of Natural Rubber in Comparison with Structural Steel, Aluminium and Glass Epoxy Composite under Low Velocity Impact Loading(Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Mahesh, M.; Joladarashi, S.; Kulkarni, S.M.This paper presents the low velocity gravity impact behaviour of various materials (Structural steel, Aluminium, Rubber and Glass Epoxy composite). A comparison of the above said materials is reported considering various parameters such as Total Energy, contact force, deformation, von mises stress and strain and specific energy absorbed are carried out. The results confirmed that rubber absorbs more energy compared to other materials considered thus highlighting its potential use in structural applications subjected to low velocity impact. The natural rubber in many ways is an ideal polymer for dynamic or static engineering applications. It has excellent dynamic properties, with a low hysteresis loss, and good low temperature properties, it can be bonded well to metal parts, has high resistance to tear and abrasion and it is relatively easy to process. Natural rubber composites find technological interest in that they exhibit additional features like biodegradability and renewability, along with the inherent stiffness, low cost and low density. The great advantage of natural rubber based on its linear elasticity, high strength, fatigue life and excellent adhesion to metals makes it well suited for structural or semi structural applications. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd.Item Smart multimode transmission for automobiles(American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) infocentral@asme.org, 2017) Srinath, N.; Kumar, A.; Joladarashi, S.There are two basic types of transmissions- manual and automatic. While manual transmissions have greater transmission efficiency and better overall driving experience, it is difficult and not as easy to handle as automatic transmissions. Automatic transmissions make life a lot easier for the driver but are less efficient and laggard. So, the aim of this project is to take the best of both worlds and combine it in one, i.e. a transmission system that is capable of working as both a manual and an automatic transmission. For this, we plan to automate a regular manual transmission with a manual override option on both the clutch and the gearbox systems. Motors will be used to control the clutch and the changing of gears in the gearbox. In the manual mode, the motors will be operated by user input switches (clutch pedal and stick shift). In the automatic mode, the same motors will be controlled by a control algorithm based on various inputs like weight of the car, inclination, speed of the engine and the car etc. © 2017 ASME.Item Modelling and Analysis of Material Behaviour under Normal and Oblique Low Velocity Impact(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Mahesh, M.; Joladarashi, S.; Kulkarni, S.M.The present article deals with analysis of various engineering materials (rubber, steel, aluminum and glass epoxy) under low velocity gravity impact loading normal to the plate as well as at an oblique angle of 20 degrees. Impact damage remains a major concern for structural components; the impact of objects can create internal damage that can significantly reduce their structural strength, because of its complex nature. The investigation of low velocity impact remains an area of interest and has received much attention. Very few research work have been done on the oblique impact behaviour of composites, where most of them concentrates on high-velocity impact conditions. The study on low-velocity oblique impact of composites are scare. Comparison of the above said materials is reported considering various parameters such as total energy, contact force, deformation, von Mises stress and strain and specific energy absorbed. Specific energy absorbed by each material considered are compared both under normal impact and oblique impact and the results confirmed that rubber absorbs 11.72 times more energy than structural steel, 3.24 times more energy than aluminium and 1.8 times more energy than glass epoxy, when subjected to normal impact. In case of oblique impact at 20 degrees rubber absorbs 47.6 times more energy than structural steel, 14 times more energy than aluminium and 8.6 times more energy than glass epoxy. This makes rubber as an ideal polymer for dynamic structural applications subjected to low velocity impact under oblique condition. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd.Item Finite element simulation of low velocity impact loading on a sandwich composite(EDP Sciences edps@edpsciences.com, 2018) Mahesh, M.; Joladarashi, S.; Kulkarni, S.M.Sandwich structure offer more advantage in bringing flexural stiffness and energy absorption capabilities in the application of automobile and aerospace components. This paper presents comparison study and analysis of two types of composite sandwich structures, one having Jute Epoxy skins with rubber core and the other having Glass Epoxy skins with rubber core subjected to low velocity normal impact loading. The behaviour of sandwich structure with various parameters such as energy absorption, peak load developed, deformation and von Mises stress and strain, are analyzed using commercially available analysis software. The results confirm that sandwich composite with jute epoxy skin absorbs approximately 20% more energy than glass epoxy skin. The contact force developed in jute epoxy skin is approximately 2.3 times less when compared to glass epoxy skin. von Mises stress developed is less in case of jute epoxy. The sandwich with jute epoxy skin deforms approximately 1.6 times more than that of same geometry of sandwich with glass epoxy skin. Thus exhibiting its elastic nature and making it potential candidate for low velocity impact application. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.