Faculty Publications
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Item Numerical Analysis of Base Isolated Liquid Storage Tanks(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Jogi, P.; Jayalekshmi, B.R.Liquid storage tanks behave in a different manner as compared to any other type of structure when subjected to a dynamic loading, wherein the motions of lower and upper liquid are non-identical in nature. The upper liquid mass is named convective mass, which is responsible for sloshing and subsequent damage to the tank. Base isolation is an effective method in seismic response reduction of structures. Laminated rubber bearings (LRB) and lead core rubber bearings (LCRB) are used as effective base isolators for seismic response reduction across the globe. The current study deals with the reduction of hydrodynamic pressures induced due to seismic action in square and rectangular flexible tanks when isolated with LRB and LCRB. The transient analysis of 3D ground supported base isolated tanks subjected to El Centro and Northridge ground motions is performed using FE software. The coupled acoustic structural approach is employed in order to incorporate the fluid–structure-interaction effects. Variation of convective displacement is assumed according to a linear wave theory. It is found that a considerable reduction in impulsive pressures and sloshing is achieved by employing a lead core rubber bearing system. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.Item Dynamic Response Analysis of Fluid Storage Tanks Using Coupled Acoustic-Structural Approach(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Giridhar, P.; Jogi, P.; Jayalekshmi, B.R.Industrial fluid storage tanks are exposed to significant damage in earthquakes and cause the destruction of life and property. The seismic response of fixed-supported, three-dimensional rectangular rigid and flexible fluid storage tanks is analyzed using the finite element method. In this study, the fluid storage tanks are examined by utilizing coupled acoustic-structural (CAS) models. The convective displacement behaviors of rectangular liquid tanks are studied numerically under harmonic and earthquake excitations. The tank fluid–structure interaction (FSI) performance is studied by applying CAS methodology. Convective displacement, convective pressure component, impulsive pressure component, and total hydrodynamic pressures are analyzed for square and rectangular liquid storage tanks, and it is found that rectangular fluid storage tanks have more sloshing displacement and impulsive pressure component compared to square liquid storage tanks. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.Item Numerical investigation of a novel flow damping device for mitigating liquid sloshing under bi-directional excitation(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024) Jogi, P.; Jayalekshmi, B.R.Sloshing in liquid storage tanks (LSTs) poses a significant challenge, especially during the seismic events and necessitating the implementation of effective mitigation strategies. This study proposes a novel technique by introducing a flow-damping device (FDD) made up of singly curved cylindrical plates connected to a cylindrical stem. The FDD is designed to be placed inside the LSTs to dissipate seismic energy, thereby reducing sloshing effects. Numerical analysis was conducted using the Arbitrary Lagrangian and Eulerian formulations in ABAQUS to assess the efficiency of various FDD configurations in reducing sloshing displacements in LSTs. The liquid storage tank with and without FDDs, were subjected to uni and bi-directional ground motion records of Imperial valley and Northridge earthquakes with a scaled peak ground acceleration. The study revealed that the FDD configuration consisting of eight plates evenly distributed around the stem with two plates oriented towards each other is the most effective FDD in reducing the seismic response parameters. When the FDD is connected to the tank base and placed centrally inside the tank at a distance of one-sixth of the tank’s length from both ends of the tank wall achieved a maximum reduction of 52.64% in sloshing displacements and 47.99% in impulsive hydrodynamic pressures. These results emphasize the substantial effectiveness of the proposed FDD design in reducing sloshing and hydrodynamic effects in LSTs during seismic events. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.Item Innovative floating hybrid baffles for improved performance of liquid storage tanks under seismic excitations(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Jogi, P.; Jayalekshmi, B.R.Liquid storage tanks (LSTs) are highly susceptible to sloshing under dynamic motion, which can compromise their structural stability. This study introduces novel floating wooden and hybrid baffles with a rubber-encased wooden core, offering enhanced energy dissipation and durability. Unlike fixed baffles, their floating design allows for adaptation to changes in liquid levels. Numerical simulations were conducted using ABAQUS to evaluate the performance of these baffles in reducing sloshing-induced responses. The LST, with and without baffles, was subjected to Imperial Valley and Northridge ground motions. Three baffle configurations with varying widths were analyzed for reducing liquid sloshing, hydrodynamic pressures, and enhancing energy dissipation at different liquid depths. The results indicate that the medium-width hybrid baffles reduce the sloshing heights by 51% while maintaining sufficient fluid flow. Hybrid baffles significantly reduced convective pressures by 57% and showed superior energy dissipation than wooden baffles. These findings confirm their effectiveness in controlling liquid sloshing. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Item Experimental investigation on a novel base-isolator for ground supported liquid storage tanks(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Jogi, P.; Jayalekshmi, B.R.The dynamic analysis of ground-supported rectangular liquid storage tanks (LSTs) with base isolation, using steel core and filler bearings, is conducted experimentally and numerically through the finite element method. Five types of bearings are designed for the selected tank geometry, namely laminated rubber bearing, sand-filled rubber bearing, coir-filled rubber bearing, steel core-sand filled rubber bearing, and steel core-coir filled rubber bearing. LST models with these bearings are fabricated and tested on a shake table under harmonic motion. The models are also analyzed numerically in ABAQUS using a coupled acoustic-structural approach to examine fluid–structure interaction behaviour and compare with experimental results. Seismic response parameters, including convective displacement, hydrodynamic pressures on the tank wall and base, and bearing displacements, are investigated under harmonic motions. The designed bearings significantly reduce hydrodynamic pressures compared to standard laminated rubber bearings. Specifically, the base isolator with steel core-coir filler reduces the hydrodynamic pressure by more than 86% and the bearing displacement by 96% as compared to non-isolated LSTs. This novel isolation effectively reduces the risk of LST failure under dynamic loads due to its high energy dissipation capacity, effective stiffness, damping, and yield strength, even at low bearing displacements. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.Item Sloshing mitigation in liquid storage tanks using vertical floating wooden baffles(Springer, 2025) Jogi, P.; Jyothish, S.S.; Jayalekshmi, B.R.Liquid storage tanks (LSTs) are essential infrastructure but susceptible to failure due to liquid sloshing during seismic events. This sloshing generates additional hydrodynamic forces, which can impose pressure on the tank walls. Conventional methods to mitigate sloshing often rely on rigid internal structures, which can be expensive and inflexible. To overcome these challenges, the present study investigates the effects of lightweight floating wooden baffles that adapt to the liquid level within the tanks, offering a more flexible and cost-effective solution. This research aims to assess the performance of vertical floating wooden baffles in mitigating sloshing within liquid storage tanks. Numerical analysis was conducted on 3D ground-supported rectangular tanks with seven different baffle configurations, including both solid and porous designs, using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) approach in ABAQUS. The models were subjected to horizontal seismic ground motion records from the Imperial Valley and Northridge earthquakes. Critical parameters such as sloshing wave height, hydrodynamic pressures and kinetic energy in the LST were analysed. The findings reveal that porous wooden baffles positioned near the tank walls are particularly effective in reducing sloshing and the associated hydrodynamic forces, offering a cost-efficient solution to enhance the safety of LSTs during seismic events. © Indian Academy of Sciences 2025.