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Item Advancing date palm cultivation in the Arabian Peninsula and beyond: Addressing stress tolerance, genetic diversity, and sustainable practices(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Manikandan, S.K.; Jenifer A, D.; Gowda, N.K.; Nair, V.; Al-Ruzouq, R.; Gibril, M.B.A.; Lamghari, F.; Klironomos, J.; Hmoudi, M.A.; Sheteiwy, M.; El-Keblawy, A.Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivation in the Arabian Peninsula is crucial for regional agriculture and global markets. The Arabian Peninsula is dominant in date production, contributing approximately 34 % of the global output. Recent advancements in agricultural technologies have improved fruit yield and quality, expanding date palm cultivation globally. However, sustainability challenges persist due to various abiotic stresses, such as salinity, temperature extremes, drought, soil factors, and biotic stresses, including diseases and pests. This review examines key environmental factors affecting date palm cultivation, with a focus on soil salinity, water scarcity, and climate change-related stresses. The genetic diversity among date palm varieties is emphasized, highlighting the need for breeding programs aimed at improving stress tolerance and yield. Biotechnological advancements, such as genetic transformation and genome editing, are discussed for their potential to enhance crop resilience and productivity. Additionally, remote sensing techniques are explored for their application in precision agriculture, particularly in the mapping and monitoring of date palm health and soil conditions. The significant role of artificial intelligence in accurately mapping date palm trees using multi-platform remotely sensed data is also reviewed, illustrating its potential to enhance geospatial databases and support sustainable management practices. The review concludes with recommendations for optimizing cultivar selection and management strategies tailored to local conditions, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to advance date palm cultivation on a global scale. © 2024Item Comprehensive analysis of Syzygium cumini L. pomace extract as an ?-amylase inhibitor: In vitro inhibition, kinetics, and computational studies(Academic Press Inc., 2025) Venkatramanan, V.; Balu, A.K.; Sinclair, B.J.; Perinbarajan, G.K.; Jenifer A, D.; Ganesan Sudha, H.; Arulvel, A.; Baskar, B.; Muthu, M.Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread metabolic disorder characterized by impaired regulation of blood glucose levels. Jamun (Syzygium cumini L.) fruits and seeds have been traditionally used in Ayurveda to manage diabetes. While fruit and seed extracts have been extensively studied for their anti-?-amylase properties, pomace, a byproduct of juice extraction, remains under explored. This study investigated the ?-amylase inhibitory potential of jamun pomace (JP) extract by using in vitro and in silico methods. Enzyme inhibition assays revealed an half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC??) value of 85.68 ± 5.22 ?g/mL for the JP extract, comparable to acarbose (64.28 ± 7.15 ?g/mL). The extract exhibited mixed-mode inhibition, whereas acarbose showed competitive mode inhibition. At 10 ?g/mL, the Vmax of JP extract was half that of acarbose, demonstrating significant inhibition. GC–MS analysis identified 11 volatile compounds (R1–R11) in the JP extract. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and ADMET analyses confirmed the chemical reactivity of the volatiles, drug-like properties, and low toxicity. Molecular docking revealed a high binding score for R11 (?8.0 kcal/mol), similar to acarbose (?8.2 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulations further demonstrated the stability of ?-amylase complexes with R11, R3, and R8, with R11 showing the lowest binding energy (?28.75 ± 6.25 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that R11 and JP extracts hold promise as anti-diabetic agents. Utilizing JP extract as a nutraceutical offers the dual benefit of diabetes management and sustainable waste valorization in jamun juice production. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.