Faculty Publications
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Item Perception on climate change, access to extension service and energy sources determining adoption of climate-smart practices: A multivariate approach(Academic Press, 2023) Tanti, P.C.; Jena, P.R.Climate change has an adverse impact on rural livelihoods by increasing vulnerability and reducing crop yields. Climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices have been advanced as a possible solution to adopt and mitigate climate change issues. Administering a structured questionnaire survey among the 494 rural farming households of an eastern Indian state, namely Odisha, the study explores the key determinants of CSA adoption. Three districts, one from the state's coastal and two from the inland regions, are chosen for the study. The majority of the respondents (85%) perceive an increase in temperature and (76%) perceive a decrease in rainfall due to climate change in the region. The respondents have adopted a range of CSA practices such as rescheduling planting (74.5%), crop rotation (59.3%), crop diversification (31.2%), soil conservation (62.1%), drought-resistant seeds (36%) and agroforestry (10.3%) to adapt to these weather anomalies. The current paper employs a multivariate probit model in which the findings of econometric modelling have been triangulated to explore the key determinants of the adoption of CSA practices. The result shows that the key determinants are – perception of climate change, agricultural extension services, and access to energy for irrigation. © 2023 Elsevier LtdItem Enhancing crop yields and farm income through climate-smart agricultural practices in Eastern India(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024) Tanti, P.C.; Jena, P.R.; Timilsina, R.R.; Rahut, D.B.Climate-induced increase in temperature and rainfall variability severely threaten the agricultural sector and food security in the Indian state of Odisha. Climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices, such as crop rotation and integrated soil management, help farmers adapt to climate risk and contribute to a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, this paper examines the impact of CSA practices on yield and income in vulnerable semi-arid districts of Odisha—Balangir, Kendrapara, and Mayurbhanj. We use primary survey data from 494 households collected in 2019–2020, using a multi-stage stratified sampling approach and structured questionnaire. Propensity score matching (PSM) and the two-stage least square method (2SLS) have been used to analyze the impact of CSA on income and productivity. Two instrument variables, namely distance to the extension office and percentage of adopters in a village, are used to control self-selection bias and endogeneity in our model. Both models show a positive and significant impact of the adoption of CSA on farmers’ productivity and income. The study sheds light on the significant contribution of CSA practices in fostering sustainable income growth amid environmental challenges. Overall, our results suggest that small and marginal farmers of Eastern India, a highly environmentally vulnerable area, can significantly improve their income and productivity by adopting CSA technology. Hence, policymakers should scale the adoption of CSA technology through effective extension programs. © The Author(s) 2024.Item Regenerative agriculture practices and multidimensional poverty in eastern rural India(Nature Research, 2025) Khosla, S.; Timilsina, R.R.; Jena, P.R.; Rahut, D.B.Rural households in developing countries face multidimensional poverty (MDP), i.e., deprivations beyond income, including health, education, empowerment, and living standards, while they are also being highly vulnerable to climatic risks. Regenerative agriculture (RA), a set of practices aimed at restoring soil health, enhancing biodiversity, and improving long-term farm resilience, has emerged as a promising strategy to boost productivity, diversify incomes, and promote sustainability. However, little is known about the impact of RA practices on MDP, and empirical evidence linking the two remains scarce. To this end, the present study examines the relationship between RA practices, such as crop rotation, agroforestry and crop diversification, and MDP reduction in eastern rural India. We administer household survey data from 917 households to construct an MDP index based on Alkire and Foster’s counting method and estimate the impact of RA adoption through Propensity Score Matching (PSM). The results show that RA practices significantly reduce MDP by improving access to education, healthcare, and living standards. These findings underscore the potential of RA as a pathway for sustainable rural development and call for targeted policy interventions to support its broader adoption. © The Author(s) 2025.