Faculty Publications
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Item Humic Acid Based Biopolymeric Membrane for Effective Removal of Methylene Blue and Rhodamine B(American Chemical Society service@acs.org, 2015) Shenvi, S.S.; Isloor, A.M.; A.F., A.F.; Shilton, S.J.; Al-Ahmed, A.Humic acid was immobilized on a polypropylene supported sodium alginate/hydroxyethyl cellulose blend membrane in the current work. The adsorption property of this membrane for the removal of cationic dyes, namely, methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB), was extensively studied. Batch-adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption behavior of dyes on the membrane with variation in adsorbent mass, initial dye concentration, pH, time, and temperature. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Prepared membranes showed more than 98% removal capacity for both dyes under optimal conditions. Kinetic experiments revealed that the pseudo second order model exhibited the best correlation with the adsorption data. Dubinin-Radushkevich model indicated that the adsorption of dyes onto the membrane surface was by simple physisorption. The membrane was easily regenerated by simple acid treatment, and its efficiency remained significant even after four adsorption cycles. © 2015 American Chemical Society.Item Fabrication of polyetherimide nanocomposite membrane with amine functionalised halloysite nanotubes for effective removal of cationic dye effluents(Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2018) Hebbar, R.S.; Isloor, A.M.; Siddique, I.; Abdullah, M.S.; A.F., A.F.; Asiri, A.M.Naturally, occurring, low cost and eco-friendly halloysite nanotubes were chemically modified and uniformly immobilised into the polyetherimide membrane matrix with the aim of enhancing the properties and possible cationic dye rejection efficacy. The properties of fabricated nanocomposite membranes were examined by means of porosity, hydrophilicity, zeta potential and permeability. Permeation experiments revealed the enhanced water flux up to 195 L/m2h with 4 wt% additive dosage. The dye rejection efficacy of the prepared membranes was determined by using rhodamine B (Rh.B) and methylene blue (MB). The dye rejection studies were executed in terms of pH, contact time and initial dye concentration. The membrane with 4 wt% of nanomaterial dosage, showed rejection of 97% at pH 8 and 94% at pH 7 for MB and Rh.B dyes, respectively. Langmuir adsorption isotherm is the best model to explain interaction between dye molecules and membrane surface, with quantity of dye adsorbed (qmax) was observed to be 20.4 mg/g and 19.6 mg/g for MB and Rh.B, respectively. This approach showed modified membrane has good cationic dye rejection efficacy and can be efficiently employed to remove the dyes from aqueous streams. © 2018 Taiwan Institute of Chemical EngineersItem Synthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide hollow nanofiber for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye(MDPI AG, 2021) Jafri, N.N.M.; Jaafar, J.; Alias, N.H.; Samitsu, S.; Aziz, F.; Salleh, W.N.W.; Mohd Yusop, M.Z.M.; Othman, M.H.D.; Rahman, M.A.; A.F., A.F.; Matsuura, T.; Isloor, A.M.Environmental crisis and water contamination have led to worldwide exploration for advanced technologies for wastewater treatment, and one of them is photocatalytic degradation. A one?dimensional hollow nanofiber with enhanced photocatalytic properties is considered a promising material to be applied in the field. Therefore, we synthesized titanium dioxide hollow nanofibers (THNF) with extended surface area, light?harvesting properties and an anatase–rutile heterojunction via a template synthesis method and followed by a calcination process. The effect of calcination temperature on the formation and properties of THNF were determined and the possible mechanism of THNF formation was proposed. THNF nanofibers produced at 600 °C consisted of a mixture of 24.2% anatase and 75.8% rutile, with a specific surface area of 81.2776 m2/g. The hollow nanofibers also outperformed the other catalysts in terms of photocatalytic degradation of MB dye, at 85.5%. The optimum catalyst loading, dye concentration, pH, and H2O2 concentration were determined at 0.75 g/L, 10 ppm, pH 11, and 10 mM, respectively. The highest degradation of methylene blue dye achieved was 95.2% after 4 h of UV irradiation. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Item The efficacy of Fe-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles as a supplement in polysulfone membranes for toxic dye removal(Institution of Chemical Engineers, 2024) Manikanta, P.; Naik, N.S.; Isloor, A.M.; Padaki, M.; Nagaraja, B.M.; Déon, S.ZrO2 nanoparticles fine-tuned with iron doping (5%Fe-ZrO2) were incorporated by the phase inversion method as a supplement in polysulfone (PSf) membrane medium for dye rejection. The prepared nanocomposite membranes were examined using a variety of characterisation techniques. The findings showed that adding 5%Fe-ZrO2 nanoparticles into the membrane matrix improved its permeability by reducing the contact angle and increasing hydrophilicity. The PSf nanocomposite membrane containing 1 wt% of 5%Fe-ZrO2 (M2) was found to exhibit a dye rejection efficiency of 99% for Eriochrome black-T (EBT) and 98% for Methylene blue (MB), with a flux of 10.2 ±1 LMH. The manufactured membranes can reject dyes and offer commendable productivity and selectivity, making them a popular choice for membrane applications. © 2024 The Institution of Chemical EngineersItem Development of polymeric ionic poly(VBC-co-VI) nanoparticle incorporated thin film nanocomposite membranes for dye and salt rejection(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) Mendonca, N.R.; Isloor, A.M.; Farnood, R.Water is an important life-sustaining liquid. However, due to the current anthropogenic activities, this resource is diminishing. This work explores a method for the potential reuse of textile wastewater containing salts by utilization of thin film composite (TFC) membranes fabricated by means of interfacial polymerization on a macroporous membrane substrate composed of 15% polysulfone (PSf). A relatively lesser known variety of nanoparticles termed ionic polymeric nanoparticles were integrated into the dense polyamide (PA) layer. The ionic poly(VBC-co-VI) nanoparticles were synthesized in the laboratory via quaternary precipitation polymerization (QPP) of the monomers 1-vinyl imidazole (VI) and 4-vinybenzyl chloride (VBC) by the utilization of 2,2?-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) as the free radical initiator in the solvent acetonitrile (ACN) in a single step. The synthesized nanoparticles existing in the PA layer improved the water permeability as well as the rejection capacity of the membranes. The fabricated membranes showed a dye rejection of 98% for Reactive Black 5 and >95% for Sunset Yellow FCF having a concentration of 100 ppm. The salt rejection for NaCl, MgCl, Na2SO4 and MgSO4 at 1000 ppm concentration was found to be 36%, >50%, 85% and 85%, respectively. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.Item A chicken egg white-based amyloid–graphitic carbon nitride composite-incorporated hollow fiber membrane for efficient removal of dyes and heavy metal ions present in water(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) Nayak, S.S.; Isloor, A.M.; A.F., A.F.Severe water pollution due to excessive industrialization is resulting in a pure water crisis for humans and other living beings. This growing crisis emphasizes the urgent need for advanced and efficient water purification technologies to mitigate pollution and ensure the availability of pure water. To address this issue, the current study focuses on the synthesis of a chicken egg white amyloid–graphitic carbon nitride composite (AM–CN) using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and egg whites through environment friendly and simple techniques. These composites were further characterized using different analytical techniques such as BET, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM to understand the structure of the composite. Furthermore, these composites were embedded into hollow fiber membranes, and later, these membranes were analyzed through AFM, SEM, and hydrophilicity studies to understand the character and structure of the membrane. The filtration performance of the membrane revealed that the membrane with the AM–CN composite demonstrated enhanced performance in both pure water permeability and pollutant removal capacity. Among the fabricated membranes, the neat membrane exhibited a pure water permeability of 81 L m?2 h?1 bar?1. In contrast, the highest permeability of 203 L m?2 h?1 bar?1 was exhibited by the M II membrane, therefore considering it as an optimized membrane. This optimized membrane also displayed the highest pollutant removal capacity of >99% for Congo red dye, >98% for Reactive black 5 and 88% for Reactive orange 16 dye. In the case of heavy metal ion removal, the same membrane displayed an impressive 99% removal of lead ions and 75% removal of mercury ions in the presence of humic acid. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.Item Effective separation of agrochemicals and textile dyes from polluted aqueous solution employing ternary ZnCoFe layered double hydroxide incorporated polyethersulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Pallot, H.; Isloor, A.M.; A.F., A.F.The rapid urbanization and industrialization has increased the contamination of water bodies with agrochemical residues and textile dyes, which poses a severe threat to environmental and human health, necessitating the need of an efficient water purification strategies. Membrane-based filtration techniques has grown significantly due to the demand for sustainable and effective water treatment. For the first time, ternary ZnCoFe layered double hydroxides (LDH) modified polyethersulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane was developed for enhancing hydrophilicity and separation efficiency of dyes and agrochemicals. The widespread use and long-term persistence in the water bodies of Reactive Orange 16, Crystal Violet, chlorpyrifos and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) highlight the critical need for the effective removal of these pollutants. ZnCoFe LDH was developed by the co-precipitation method with a 2:2:1 M ratio of nitrates of Zn, Co, and Fe transition metals. The membranes were fabricated with different composition of LDH. The influence of LDH in the membranes was assessed through FESEM, AFM, zeta potential, contact angle, water uptake capacity, porosity, water permeability, and molecular weight cut-off. The incorporation of ZnCoFe-LDH into the PES membrane resulted in an improved pure water flux, rising from 91.03 Lm?2 h?1 for the pristine (MLZ-0) membrane to 143.25 Lm?2 h?1 for the optimized (MLZ-2). The optimized membrane exhibits a good antifouling property with flux recovery ratio improved from 52.13 to 64.18%. The rejection of Reactive Orange 16 and Crystal Violet was found to be 74.9% and 79.8% for MLZ-0 whereas for MLZ-2 the values were 83.2% and 99.1% respectively. MLZ-2 also exhibited 47.1% and 90.9% for 2,4-D and chlorpyrifos rejection respectively while pristine membrane showed 22.7% and 78.8%. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.