Faculty Publications
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Item Zinc-decorated barium oxide nanorods for the effective sunlight-induced catalytic degradation of Irgalite violet dye(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Ilango, I.; Susanna, D.; Gabriella, R.; Mohan Balakrishnan, R.M.; JagadeeshBabu, J.Simple and facile fabrication of barium oxide (BaO) and zinc-decorated barium oxide (ZnBaO) nanocatalysts was accomplished through a co-precipitation technique. Irgalite violet (IV) dye was subjected to sunlight-induced catalytic degradation using novel catalyst ZnBaO nanorods. The synthesized nanocatalysts were subjected to various analytical techniques, including FE-SEM/EDX, XRD and FTIR, for their comprehensive characterization. X-ray diffraction confirmed the crystallinity of BaO and ZnBaO nanocatalysts. The FE-SEM image of the ZnBaO nanocatalyst revealed the occurrence of distinct nanorods with a mean size of 22.5 nm possessing an aspect ratio of 4.95. A characteristic UV absorbance peak was observed at 310 nm for BaO and 380 nm for ZnBaO nanocatalysts. The substitution of Zn to BaO led to a favorable decrease in the band gap energy from 5.315 eV (BaO) to 2.6 eV (ZnBaO). The synthesized BaO and ZnBaO nanocatalysts were used in parametric studies by varying catalyst dosage, irradiation time, pH and initial dye concentration. The ZnBaO nanorods showed a maximum degradation efficiency of 99.9% at pH 11 with a catalyst dosage of 40 mg/50 mL containing 5 mg/L dye concentration. The recyclability studies showed that the ZnBaO nanorods could serve as a potential catalyst for degrading dyes. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Stimulation of peroxymonosulfate using nickel ferrite nanoparticles for the degradation of Lomefloxacin hydrochloride and caffeine(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Ilango, I.; Mohan Balakrishnan, R.; Visvanathan, C.; Bui, X.-T.Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride (LFH), an antibacterial agent, and caffeine (CAF), a cognitive enhancer, are excreted by humans and end up in municipal sewage effluents and surface waters. This pharmaceutical concentration in bodies of water/treatment plants poses a serious threat to both aquatic habitats and humans. A laboratory batch study on the degradation of LFH, CAF and LC (CAF and LFH mixed solution) was carried out using NFO nanoparticles to stimulate potassium peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The NFO nanoparticles were synthesized through a co-precipitation method and characterised using FTIR, XRD, FESEM/EDX, TGA/DTA/DTG, BET, AFM, VSM, and Zeta potential. The particle size distribution from FESEM (using ImageJ software) revealed that 83.3% of particles are ? 100 nm, its mean and standard deviation were estimated to be 43.87 nm and 20 to 25 nm. The NFO nanoparticles’ specific surface area was estimated to be 112.02 m2/g, and the magnetic properties of the NFO nanoparticles were investigated using VSM analysis. The parametric study included bare NFO, PMS without catalyst, pH, catalyst dosage, PMS variation with optimized catalyst, initial concentration of LFH and CAF, and reaction time, with nearly 94.34% LFH was degraded in 220 min, 100% CAF was degraded in 80 min, 78.07% LC was degraded in 40 min. The degraded compounds m/z of LFH, CAF and LC were identified using LC–MS. The recycling and regeneration of NFO nanoparticles were investigated to determine the stability of the NFO nanoparticles in the degradation of LFH and CAF in which the degradation efficiency decreased to 90.68% and 64.1% respectively upon the third wash with distilled water. As a result, the NiFe2O4/PMS system showed improved degradation even after three recycle runs, making it an efficient and economical system for degrading LFH, CAF and even to multi-pharmaceutical pollutants. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.