Faculty Publications
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Item Effect of preheated mixture on heat transfer characteristics of impinging methane-air premixed flame jet(Elsevier Ltd, 2015) Tajik, A.R.; Kuntikana, P.; Prabhu, S.V.; Hindasageri, V.Energy from spent flame or other low grade energy can be used to increase the temperature of the air before mixing with fuel. This would improve the heat transfer characteristics of the impinging flame jet. The studies on impinging flame jets reported in the literature are based on the fuel-air mixture at ambient temperature. In the present work, the inlet air for mixture is heated by an electrical heater. The heat flux distribution is estimated using an inverse heat conduction (IHCP) technique. The Nusselt number (Nu) and effectiveness (?) distributions are obtained by estimating the adiabatic wall temperature (Taw) by the analytical-numerical method. A circular burner of 13.5 mm is used for impingement on quartz plate of 3 mm thickness. Reynolds number (Re) varying from 500 to 2000 for the non-dimensional burner tip to impingement plate spacing (Z/d) of 2-6 and stoichiometric condition (Ø = 1.0) is considered for varying preheated condition. The effect of equivalence ratio is studied for Ø = 0.75 to 1.5 for Re = 1000 and Z/d = 4. By increase in preheat temperature, the stagnation point heat flux increases from 20% to 50% unless the inner premixed zone touches the impingement plate. CFD simulations are carried out in FLUENT software to explain the distribution of heat flux. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item A numerical investigation on heat transfer and emissions characteristics of impinging radial jet reattachment combustion (RJRC) flame(Elsevier Ltd, 2015) Tajik, A.R.; Hindasageri, V.Radial Jet Reattachment combustion (RJRC) flame jet is used in applications where the impingement surface is delicate and demands low impingement pressure. In the present study, a two dimensional axisymmetric computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is carried out. The turbulence-combustion interaction in the flame field is modeled in a k-?/EDM framework. The distribution of heat flux, pressure coefficient and emissions is presented for varying Reynolds number (Re = 1000 to 30,000) and different non-dimensional nozzle tip to plate spacing (X/R = 0.5 to 3). It is found that the peak heat flux increases and pressure coefficient reduces significantly with the increase in Reynolds number. However, with the increase in the nozzle tip to plate spacing the peak heat flux and the pressure coefficient decrease. Furthermore, the concentrations of NOx and CO emissions increase with the increase in Reynolds number and the distance of the location of the nozzle tip from the impingement plate. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Heat transfer distribution of impinging flame and air jets - A comparative study(Elsevier Ltd, 2016) Kadam, A.R.; Tajik, A.R.; Hindasageri, V.Heat transfer distribution of impinging flame jet is compared with that of the impinging air jet based on the experimental data reported in literature for methane-air flame jet and air jet impingement for Reynolds number, R=600-1400 and the non-dimensional nozzle tip to impingement plate distance, Z/d=2-6. The comparative data based on mapping experimental data reported in literature suggest that there is a good agreement between the Nusselt numbers for higher Z/d near stagnation region. However, away from the stagnation region, the Nusselt number for flame jet is higher than that of air jet for similar operating conditions of Re and Z/d. A CFD simulation for impinging air jet and impinging flame jet is carried out to explain the physics and reason for the deviations observed in experimental data. A scale analysis is carried out to identify the dominant forces and their influence on the heat transfer distribution on the impingement plate. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Local heat transfer distribution on a flat plate impinged by a swirling jet generated by a twisted tape(Elsevier Masson SAS 62 rue Camille Desmoulins Issy les Moulineaux Cedex 92442, 2017) Kumar, S.S.; Hindasageri, V.; Prabhu, S.V.An experimental investigation is conducted to study the local heat transfer distribution on a flat surface normally impinged by a swirling air jet. Twisted tapes of twist ratios equal to 2, 3.2, 4.5 and 7.5 (corresponding swirl numbers S = 0.79, 0.49, 0.35, 0.21) are inserted in a circular tube to generate swirling effect. Experiments are carried out for Reynolds number varying from 500 to 3000 for jet to plate spacing varying from 1 to 4. The local heat transfer characteristics are estimated using thermal images obtained by thermal infrared imaging technique. The jet flow profile on the target plate is evaluated by the flow visualisation carried out using lamp black technique. The heat transfer rate is found to initially increase with the increase in twist ratio (or decrease in swirl number) from 2 to 4.5 and thereafter it reduces with the increase in the twist ratio from 4.5 to 7.5. The heat transfer rate is maximum for a twist ratio of 4.5 and minimum for a twist ratio of 7.5. The jet to plate spacing also shows strong influence on the heat transfer rate. With the increase in jet to plate spacing, the heat transfer rate decreases. The maximum heat transfer rate is obtained at z/d = 1 for the different twist ratios and Reynolds number. © 2016 Elsevier Masson SASItem An experimental and numerical study on effects of exhaust gas temperature and flow rate on deposit formation in Urea-Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system of modern automobiles(Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Prabhu S, S.; Nayak, N.S.; Kapilan, N.; Hindasageri, V.Urea Water Solution (UWS) is injected to generate NH3 in Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system of modern automobiles. Thermal and fluid dynamic conditions such as temperature and Reynolds number of the flow favors ammonia generation in terms of heat transfer to UWS droplets by forced convection. During extremely cold weather conditions and low exhaust temperatures, the overdosing of UWS results in deposits of urea and its byproducts. As deposit depletion changes the stoichiometry of NOx/NH3, any predictive method becomes complementary to experimental studies on deposit formation. In the present work, we experimentally investigated deposit formation and its rate by a newer concept of usage of Stainless Steel (SS) foils considering temperature and flow rate as variables. According to numerical results, the droplet evaporation of UWS decreases as flow rate increases. For a fixed rate of UWS quantity of deposits decrease with increase in temperature and flow rate. Accordingly, structural changes are observed. Numerical values of time dependent deposit formation found slightly superior to the experimental values. The study revealed that deposit areas at low temperatures are comparable to numerical values. Phenomenological model is proposed to find deposit conversion factor for low temperatures (150–250°C), which helps in tuning of UWS dosage strategy to prevent NH3 slip. © 2016 Elsevier LtdItem Heat transfer distribution of premixed methane-air laminar flame jets impinging on ribbed surfaces(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Kadam, A.R.; Parida, R.K.; Hindasageri, V.; Kumar, G.N.Heat transfer distribution of premixed methane-air laminar flame jet impinging on ribbed surfaces is presented in this work. Experiments are carried out on ribbed plates with three different geometrical shaped rib elements i.e. circular, rectangular and triangular. In addition, numerical simulations are performed to study flow field distribution near the ribs. During the experiments, Reynolds number is varied from 600 to 1800 and burner tip to target plate distance is varied from 2 to 4. An analytical inverse solution to three dimensional transient heat conduction presented in our previous work is used to obtain heat transfer parameters. Heat transfer coefficients are found lower whereas reference temperatures are observed higher on ribbed surfaces as compared with smooth surface. Obstruction to the flow, flow separation and decrease in momentum are the reasons attributed for lower heat transfer rate for ribbed surfaces. © 2019 Elsevier LtdItem Analytical solution to transient inverse heat conduction problem using Green’s function(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2020) Parida, R.K.; Madav, V.; Hindasageri, V.A transient inverse heat conduction problem concerning jet impingement heat transfer has been solved analytically in this paper. Experimentally obtained transient temperature history at the non-impinging face, assumed to be the exposed surface in real practice, is the only input data. Aim of this study is to estimate two unknown thermo-physical parameters—overall heat transfer coefficient and adiabatic wall temperature—at the impinging face simultaneously. The approach of Green’s Function to accommodate both the transient convective boundary conditions and transient radiation heat loss is used to derive the forward model, which is purely an analytical method. Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, a basic approach to optimisation, is used as a solution procedure to the inverse problem. An in-house computer code using MATLAB (version R2014a) is used for analysis. The method is applied for a case of a methane–air flame impinging on one face of a flat 3-mm-thick stainless steel plate, keeping Reynolds number of the gas mixture 1000 and dimensionless burner tip to impinging plate distance equals to 4, while maintaining the equivalence ratio one. Inclusion of both radiation and convection losses in the Green’s function solution for the forward problem enhances the accuracy in the forward model, thereby increasing the possibility of estimating the parameters with better accuracy. The results are found to be in good agreement with the literature. This methodology is independent of flow and heating conditions, and can be applied even to high-temperature applications. © 2020, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.Item Inverse estimation of heat transfer coefficient and reference temperature in jet impingement(American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 2020) Kadam, A.R.; Hindasageri, V.; Kumar, G.N.Applications of impinging jets are wide-ranging from cooling to heating in industrial as well as domestic field. Most of the reported heat transfer distribution data to and from impinging jets have been found from steady-state measurements. This study utilizes the solution to three-dimensional (3D) inverse heat conduction problem to estimate transient temperatures on the impingement side. Then, the temperature gradient is determined near the impingement wall (×0.01mm inside) with which transient heat flux is estimated on the impingement side. Instead of steady-state values, transient heat flux and corresponding wall temperatures are utilized in a thin foil technique to find out heat transfer coefficient and reference temperature simultaneously. The scope of the present technique is examined through its application to impinging jets with various configurations such as laminar jet, turbulent jet, hot jet, cold jet, and multiple jets. In all cases, estimations are reasonably close. The application of this inverse technique can be extended to any configuration of jet impingement irrespective of geometry of nozzle (circular/rectangular), the orientation of nozzle (orthogonal/inclined), the temperature of a jet (hot/cold), Reynolds numbers (laminar/turbulent), the nozzle-to-plate spacing (any Z/d), and roughness of the plate surface. The effect of plate thickness on the accuracy of the present technique is also studied. Up to 5mm thick plates can be used in impinging jet applications without worrying much on accuracy. The use of the present technique significantly reduces the experimental cost and time since it works on transient data of just a few seconds. © © 2020 by ASME.Item Heat transfer characterisation of impinging flame jet over a wedge(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Parida, R.K.; Kadam, A.R.; Madav, V.; Hindasageri, V.This paper aims to estimate two unknown parameters - Nusselt number and effectiveness – analytically and study the heat transfer characteristics of impinging flame jet over a wedge-shaped structure similar to a missile deflector plate. Experimentally obtained raw transient temperature history at the non-impinging face of a 4-mm-thick test object made of stainless steel is the only input data. An analytical Inverse Heat Conduction Technique based on Green's Function Approach is employed to estimate both parameters simultaneously. Multiple experimental cases are considered in this work by varying methane-air gas mixture Reynolds number (800, 1000, 1200, and 1500), non-dimensional nozzle tip to test object distance (2, 4, and 6), and wedge-angle (90° and 120°). The observations concerning heat transfer characteristics of the impinging flame jet are discussed in detail. The flame jet's heating effect has been observed to improve as the wedge angle is increased from 90° to 120°. Uncertainty of the estimated parameters is evaluated using the Monte Carlo technique. © 2021