Faculty Publications
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Item Estimation of Grinding Time for Desired Particle Size Distribution and for Hematite Liberation Based on Ore Retention Time in the Mill(Springer, 2020) Hanumanthappa, H.; Vardhan, H.; Raj, G.R.; Kaza, M.; Sah, R.; Shanmugam, B.K.Iron ores obtained from different sources differ in their chemical and physical properties. These variations make the process of grinding a difficult task. The work carried out in this context focuses on three different samples of iron ore, viz., high silica high alumina, low silica high alumina, and low silica low alumina. The grinding process for all the three iron ores is carried out individually in Bond’s ball mill and the total retention time taken by each iron ore sample is calculated. The present investigation focuses on utilizing the calculated retention time of the iron ore as a standard grinding reference time to the laboratory ball mill for optimizing the grinding time of each ore. The desired P80 (150 ?m) with an acceptable range of hematite liberation (> 75%) was obtained in the laboratory ball mill after reducing 6 min from the total retention time taken in the Bond ball mill. © 2020, Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Inc.Item Experimental analysis of vibratory screener efficiency based on density variation for screening coal and iron ore(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Shanmugam, B.K.; Vardhan, H.; Raj, M.G.; Kaza, M.; Hanumanthappa, H.; Reddy Byrareddy, R.; Sah, R.In the coal and mineral beneficiation industries, screening is one of the crucial physical separation methods carried out to separate the undersized fine particles from the oversize coarse particles. The vibratory screener is a relatively advanced screening technology applied for coal and iron ore beneficiation. This paper deals with the experimental investigation for assessing the efficiency of screening coal and iron ore in the vibratory screener. Furthermore, a comparative study between the test performance of screening coal and iron ore was carried out depending on moisture and density variation. Test results show that the vibratory screener can provide a high recovery of fines and increased efficiency for screening iron ore than coal material. The maximum efficiency of iron ore was attained at a higher angular position, such as 3 and 5 degrees in an upward slope, whereas the maximum efficiency of coal was attained at 1 degree in an upward slope. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item Zeta Potential in Estimating the Dispersive Behavior of Microwave and Ultrasonic Pretreated Indian Lean-Grade Iron Ore from Karnataka Region(Springer, 2025) Poojari, M.; Vardhan, H.; Hanumanthappa, H.; Jathanna, H.M.; Reddy, D.G.This paper discusses zeta potential as an indicator of enhanced stability and in turn quality of lean-grade iron ore from Karnataka following physical pretreatments such as microwave (MW) and ultrasonic (US). Throughout the study, a set of 16 samples, designated S1–S16, was investigated, with S1 representing the untreated sample, S2–S4, US-treated samples, S5–S7, MW-treated samples, and S8–S16 representing samples that received MW and US combined pretreatment at different time intervals. The increased ore stability was confirmed by assessing multiple parameters such as electrophoretic mobility, optical density (OD), conductivity, and transmittance. Samples S12, S13, and S16 had higher conductivity, while S5, S7–S9, and S15–S16 had higher transmittance, proving that they had better inter-particle repulsions and thus stronger stability. Ore quality improvement was further verified using x-ray diffraction (XRD), which revealed gangue reduction in the aforementioned samples compared to ore that had other treatments or was left untreated. These findings show the importance of MW and US pretreatments in increasing ore quality and its stability in subsequent processing steps. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2025.