Faculty Publications
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Item Polystyrene-halloysite nano tube membranes for water purification(Korean Society of Industrial Engineering Chemistry A-803 Twin Bldg 275-3 Yangjae-Dong Seocho-Kul Seoul 137-130, 2018) Buruga, K.; Kalathi, J.T.; Kim, K.-H.; Ok, Y.S.; Boukhvalov, B.Membrane technologies are a sustainable solution for treatment of water and wastewater. Here, the technical feasibility of polystyrene-halloysite nanotube (PS-HNT) membranes, fabricated by an ultrasound-assisted solution casting method, was explored for water purification. To this end, the effects of various solvents on the structure, morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of PS-HNT membranes were investigated. Introduction of HNTs (5 wt%) into the polystyrene matrix demonstrated excellent thermal and mechanical properties along with good water flux, rejection of unwanted components, recovery, and regeneration cycles. These membranes were overall useful enough to purify real wastewater collected from pulp and paper mill. © 2017 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering ChemistryItem A review on functional polymer-clay based nanocomposite membranes for treatment of water(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Buruga, K.; Song, H.; Shang, J.; Bolan, N.; Kalathi, J.T.; Kim, K.-H.Water is essential for every living being. Increasing population, mismanagement of water sources, urbanization, industrialization, globalization, and global warming have all contributed to the scarcity of fresh water sources and the growing demand of such resources. Securing and allocating sufficient water resources has thus become one of the current major global challenges. Membrane technology has dominated the field of water purification due to its ease of usage and fabrication with high efficiency. The development of novel membrane materials can hence play a central role in advancing the field of membrane technology. It is noted that polymer-clay nanocomposites have been used widely for treatment of waste water. Nonetheless, not much efforts have been put to functionalize their membranes to be selective for specific targets. This review was organized to offer better insights into various types of functional polymer and clays composite membranes developed for efficient treatment and purification of water/wastewater. Our discussion was extended further to evaluate the efficacy of membrane techniques employed in the water industry against major chemical (e.g., heavy metal, dye, and phenol) and biological contaminants (e.g., biofouling). © 2019 Elsevier B.V.Item Abating cationic dye in wastewater using natural coagulants(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Varala, S.; Kumari, A.; Buruga, K.; Bhargava, S.K.; Parthasarathy, R.Natural coagulants are a biodegradable and potential alternative to chemical coagulants. Cassia fistula seeds and Cactus opuntia f-indica are employed herein to reduce the concentration of methylene blue dye in aqueous solutions. Maximum removal efficiency was obtained by optimizing the process parameters by the Taguchi method in the design of experiments (DOE). At optimum conditions, the removal efficiencies of C. fistula seeds and Cactus opuntia f-indica were 98.27% and 92.75%, respectively. The adsorption kinetics data were fitted to pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, intra-particle diffusion, and Boyd kinetic models. Accordingly, intra-particle diffusion and pseudo-second-order kinetics suggested the coagulation process to be an adsorption process controlled by the solid-phase sorption with intra-particle diffusion as the rate-limiting step. A comparative study was also conducted using alum to determine its effectiveness in reducing dye concentration. Results suggested biocoagulants are appropriate alternatives for reducing dye concentrations in wastewater and treating textile and dye industrial effluents. © 2024 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.