Faculty Publications

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Author: search.filters.author.Bui, X.-T.Subject: search.filters.subject.degradation

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    Acetaminophen micropollutant: Historical and current occurrences, toxicity, removal strategies and transformation pathways in different environments
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Vo, H.N.; Le, G.K.; Nguyen, T.M.; Bui, X.-T.; Nguyen, K.H.; Rene, E.R.; Vo, T.D.H.; Cao Ngoc, N.-D.; Mohan, R.
    Acetaminophen (ACT) is commonly used as a counter painkiller and nowadays, it is increasingly present in the natural water environment. Although its concentrations are usually at the ppt to ppm levels, ACT can transform into various intermediates depending on the environmental conditions. Due to the complexity of the ACT degradation products and the intermediates, it poses a major challenge for monitoring, detection and to propose adequate treatment technologies. The main objectives of this review study were to assess (i) the occurrences and toxicities, (2) the removal technologies and (3) the transformation pathways and intermediates of ACT in four environmental compartments namely wastewater, surface water, ground water, and soil/sediments. Based on the review, it was observed that the ACT concentrations in wastewater can reach up to several hundreds of ppb. Amongst the different countries, China and the USA showed the highest ACT concentration in wastewater (?300 ?g/L), with a very high detection frequency (81–100%). Concerning surface water, the ACT concentrations were found to be at the ppt level. Some regions in France, Spain, Germany, Korea, USA, and UK comply with the recommended ACT concentration for drinking water (71 ng/L). Notably, ACT can transform and degrade into various metabolites such as aromatic derivatives or organic acids. Some of them (e.g., hydroquinone and benzoquinone) are toxic to human and other life forms. Thus, in water and wastewater treatment plants, tertiary treatment systems such as advanced oxidation, membrane separation, and hybrid processes should be used to remove the toxic metabolites of ACT. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
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    Stimulation of peroxymonosulfate using nickel ferrite nanoparticles for the degradation of Lomefloxacin hydrochloride and caffeine
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Ilango, I.; Mohan Balakrishnan, R.; Visvanathan, C.; Bui, X.-T.
    Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride (LFH), an antibacterial agent, and caffeine (CAF), a cognitive enhancer, are excreted by humans and end up in municipal sewage effluents and surface waters. This pharmaceutical concentration in bodies of water/treatment plants poses a serious threat to both aquatic habitats and humans. A laboratory batch study on the degradation of LFH, CAF and LC (CAF and LFH mixed solution) was carried out using NFO nanoparticles to stimulate potassium peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The NFO nanoparticles were synthesized through a co-precipitation method and characterised using FTIR, XRD, FESEM/EDX, TGA/DTA/DTG, BET, AFM, VSM, and Zeta potential. The particle size distribution from FESEM (using ImageJ software) revealed that 83.3% of particles are ? 100 nm, its mean and standard deviation were estimated to be 43.87 nm and 20 to 25 nm. The NFO nanoparticles’ specific surface area was estimated to be 112.02 m2/g, and the magnetic properties of the NFO nanoparticles were investigated using VSM analysis. The parametric study included bare NFO, PMS without catalyst, pH, catalyst dosage, PMS variation with optimized catalyst, initial concentration of LFH and CAF, and reaction time, with nearly 94.34% LFH was degraded in 220 min, 100% CAF was degraded in 80 min, 78.07% LC was degraded in 40 min. The degraded compounds m/z of LFH, CAF and LC were identified using LC–MS. The recycling and regeneration of NFO nanoparticles were investigated to determine the stability of the NFO nanoparticles in the degradation of LFH and CAF in which the degradation efficiency decreased to 90.68% and 64.1% respectively upon the third wash with distilled water. As a result, the NiFe2O4/PMS system showed improved degradation even after three recycle runs, making it an efficient and economical system for degrading LFH, CAF and even to multi-pharmaceutical pollutants. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.