Faculty Publications
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Item Porous nickel telluride nanostructures as bifunctional electrocatalyst towards hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction(Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Bhat, K.S.; Barshilia, H.C.; Nagaraja, H.S.Electrochemical water splitting technology has attracted researchers for the development of next generation fuels. Herein, we report the synthesis of nanostructured porous hollow nickel telluride nanosheets and their use as bifunctional electrocatalyst towards hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction, anticipating an enhanced performance owing to their 2D sheet like morphology, conductivity, porous nature providing larger catalytic surface for water splitting reaction. In this regard, nickel telluride nanostructures were synthesized via an anion-exchange-reaction between pre-synthesized nickel hydroxide hexagonal nanosheets and tellurium ions under hydrothermal conditions. The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized for structural, morphological and compositional properties using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Nickel telluride modified electrodes were tested as bifunctional electrocatalyst under acidic and alkaline conditions, through linear sweep voltammetry and constant current chronopotentiometry methods. The modified electrodes revealed an onset potential of ?422 mV and 87.4 mV dec?1 Tafel slope towards HER and overpotential of 679 mV and 151 mV dec?1 Tafel slope towards OER. The lower onset potentials are complimented with excellent electrocatalytic stability. © 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCItem Porous cobalt chalcogenide nanostructures as high performance pseudo-capacitor electrodes(Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Bhat, K.S.; Shenoy, S.; Nagaraja, H.S.; Sridharan, K.Electrochemical supercapacitor is an essential technology that is pivotal for the development of reliable energy storage devices. Herein, we report the fabrication of supercapacitor electrodes using nanostructured porous cobalt chalcogenide (CoTe2 and CoSe2) electrodes, anticipating an enhanced performance owing to their higher contact area with electrolyte and large pore volume enabling shorter diffusion paths for ion exchange. In this regard, we synthesized CoTe2 and CoSe2 nanostructures via an anion-exchange-reaction between pre-synthesized Co(OH)2 hexagonal nanosheets and chalcogen (tellurium and selenium) ions under hydrothermal conditions. Structural, morphological and compositional properties of the as-synthesized materials are examined using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Pseudo-capacitive properties of CoTe2 and CoSe2 nanostructures as working electrodes are studied through cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge methods using an electrochemical workstation. CoSe2 electrode delivered a specific capacitance of 951 F g?1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s?1, which surprisingly is almost three times higher in comparison to CoTe2 electrode (360 F g?1). Both CoTe2 and CoSe2 electrodes exhibited good capacitance retention capability for 2500 CV cycles. The superior electrochemical performance of the nanoporous CoSe2 electrode indicate their applicability for high-performance energy storage device applications. © 2017 Elsevier LtdItem Effect of oxygen substitution and phase on nickel selenide nanostructures for supercapacitor applications(Institute of Physics Publishing helen.craven@iop.org, 2018) Bhat, K.S.; Nagaraja, H.S.Electrochemical supercapacitors are the eminent technology for the progress of energy storage devices. The current manuscript deals with the formation of oxygen substituted nickel selenide nanostructures and their use as active electrode material for supercapacitor, expecting an enhanced performance owing to their sheet-like geometry, high specific surface area and porous assembly. In this context, Ni(OH)2 (nickel hydroxide) nanostructures were synthesized employing one-pot hydrothermal method and the ion-exchange reaction of Ni(OH)2 nanostructures with selenium resulted in cubic-NiSe2 (nickel selenide) nanostructures. Further, annealing NiSe2 nanostructures at intermediate pressure (10-3 Torr) has realized the partial oxygen substitution in place of selenium, resulting in NiSe/NiO nanostructures along with phase change from cubic-NiSe2 to hexagonal-NiSe. Supercapacitor electrodes fabricated using NiSe/NiO nanostructures delivered the specific capacitance of 83.5 F g-1 at the scan rate of 2 mV s-1, which is surprisingly more than a double as compared with pristine NiSe2 electrodes (37.4 F g-1). Annealing at intermediate pressure and high temperature significantly enhanced the specific capacitances of the nanostructured electrodes and also accompanied with the good capacitance retention of 94% for 5000 CV cycles. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.Item Two-Dimensional Cadmium Hydroxide Nanosheets for Electrochemical Capacitors Under High Operating Voltage(Springer, 2020) Bhat, K.S.; Huvinahalli, B.R.; Nagaraja, H.S.Abstract: Electrochemical capacitors are deemed to be the most prospective energy storage devices in the field of alternative energy sources. Here, cadmium hydroxide (Cd(OH)2) nanosheets are hydrothermally synthesized and used as electrodes for supercapacitors. Physiochemical properties of the as-synthesized materials are examined using powder x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy measurements. Electrochemical investigations reveal an excellent operating potential window of 1.5 V, with the specific capacitance of ? 71 F g?1 at a scan rate of 2 mV s?1. In addition, the Cd(OH)2 electrodes are complemented by good cyclic retention for 2000 cycles. Further, the analysis of the type of charge-storage mechanism reveals prominent contributions from the diffusion-controlled processes. Graphic Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2019, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.Item Development of adherent antimicrobial copper coatings on stainless steel for healthcare applications(Springer, 2023) Bharadishettar, N.; Bhat, K.U.; Bhat, K.S.Copper coatings were fabricated using an environmentally sustainable non-cyanide electrodeposition technique. By following four-stage acid pickling treatment of the substrate and optimum parameters during electrodeposition, adhesion strength up to 9 MPa was obtained. Four different copper coatings were fabricated by varying CuSO4. 5H2O concentration in an electrolyte (10, 15, 30, and 45 g/L) to understand nucleation and growth mechanism and surface texture evolution. Nano-nodular morphology of the deposited copper marks a significant feature. It increases the fraction of grain boundaries in it. The grazing incidence X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the preferred orientation along the (111) plane with the presence of residual compressive stresses (in the range of 24.90–273.92 MPa). Surface texture studies indicated that the coating had an abundance of nano-scaled protruding structures with surface roughness’s Sa in the range of 2.507–1.674 µm (Ra in a range of 1.714–1.235 µm). It offers 3D contact with microbes. The developed coating had increased hardness (41.93%), scratch resistance (58.77%), and 9 MPa adhesion strength with the substrate. Initially, copper coatings had hydrophobicity against water (initial contact angle in the range of 134–139°). The extent of hydrophobicity decreased with exposure time. The developed coatings exhibited significant antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial studies using the cell viability technique indicated that the coating exhibits toxicity against Escherichia coli (ATCC25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (MCC2408) microbes. 100% reduction of the survival of microbes is observed after 4 h of exposure. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.