Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item Survey on routing protocols for Internet of Things(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2017) Bhat, A.; Geetha, V.As Wireless Sensor Network nodes are ID based network, it would be difficult to monitor the status of the same when it is connected to Internet of Things. So gateway is required to connect the network with Internet. In order to access and manage the network remotely, it is good to have IP based devices connected with each other. As IPv4 is being depleted, IPv6 was a solution for much larger address space. IP connectivity in sensor networks mainly depend on two IETF standards: 6LoWPAN and RPL. Routing protocol in 6LoWPAN is very precise due to limited node's potential. Existing protocol of 6LoWPAN does not satisfy Low power Lossy networks. IETF came up with IPv6 routing protocol for low power Lossy networks called RPL. © 2017 IEEE.Item Concurrency analysis of go and java(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020) Abhinav, P.Y.; Bhat, A.; Joseph, C.T.; Chandrasekaran, K.There has been tremendous progress in the past few decades towards developing applications that receive data and send data concurrently. In such a day and age, there is a requirement for a language that can perform optimally in such environments. Currently, the two most popular languages in that respect are Go and Java. In this paper, we look to analyze the concurrency features of Go and Java through a complete programming language performance analysis, looking at their compile time, run time, binary sizes and the language's unique concurrency features. This is done by experimenting with the two languages using the matrix multiplication and PageRank algorithms. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first work which used PageRank algorithm to analyse concurrency. Considering the results of this paper, application developers and researchers can hypothesize on an appropriate language to use for their concurrent programming activity.Results of this paper show that Go performs better for fewer number of computation but is soon taken over by Java as the number of computations drastically increase. This trend is shown to be the opposite when thread creation and management is considered where Java performs better with fewer computation but Go does better later on. Regarding concurrency features both Java with its Executor Service library and Go had their own advantages that made them better for specific applications. © 2020 IEEE.Item Effect of High Temperature on the Compressional Wave Velocity of Two Sandstones with Different Grain Sizes(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Manikanta, V.; Hasainar, H.; Badiger, N.K.; Kothari, V.; Bhat, A.; Srinivasan, V.Understanding rock behaviour at high temperatures can serve as vital information in restoring fire-damaged monumental structures. This knowledge is essential for engineering and construction purposes, as it allows for assessing rock stability and potential hazards and developing appropriate safety measures in areas with high temperatures. This study investigates the effect of different temperatures on two sandstones with varying grain sizes. The rock was first heated to a range of temperatures such as 35, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 °C. To identify the thermal damage of the rock samples, the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity measurement instrument is used to identify the inner cracks. This research discusses the application of Ultrasonic Pulse velocity (UPV) to identify thermal damage and analyse related parameters of two different sandstones. The ultrasonic method is one of the simple and reliable techniques to understand the damage conditions of rocks. There were significant variations in the P-wave velocity with thermal treatment, it is observed that a negative trend developed in the primary wave velocity as the temperature increased. They give qualitative and quantitative inferences on the extent of damage caused by various environmental parameters, particularly heating. The data obtained from the present study were compared to check the confidence of regression models. The mean absolute percentage error method, the root mean square error method (RMSE), was carried out on thermal damage of rock samples. Probabilistic analysis was also conducted to estimate the damage on rocks at different confidence levels. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.Item Influence of compression toughness on acoustic emissions of cementitious materials(ICE Publishing subscriptions@icepublishing.com, 2019) Vidya Sagar, R.; Shetty, S.; Bhat, A.This paper reports on the variation of acoustic emission (AE) characteristics with the compression toughness of cementitious materials. The purpose of the study was to understand the relation between compression toughness and AE released during the fracture process in cementitious materials. There is limited knowledge about the 'relation between the compression toughness of cementitious materials and the corresponding AE released'. Specimens of different cementitious mixture compositions were tested as per the ASTM C 39 standard in the laboratory under unconfined uniaxial compression, and simultaneously the released AEs were recorded. Specimens consisted of concrete with 20 mm aggregates, concrete with 12 mm aggregates and mortar. AE monitoring system consisting with resonant type differential AE sensors were used to record the AE parameters. A detailed analysis revealed that an inverse relation may exist between the AE energy (S) and compression toughness (T ac) of the cementitious materials. The properties of cementitious materials that influence the relationship between AE energy and compression toughness and the behaviour of AE signals were studied. © 2019 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved.Item New Bit Pattern Based IPv6 Address Compression Techniques for 6LoWPAN Header Compression(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Geetha, V.; Bhat, A.; Thanmayee, S.Things in the world can be connected to the Internet through various technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, IEEE 802.15.4 etc. Among all IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4 looks promising for outdoor environments for connecting a very large number of resource constrained sensor nodes. 6LoWPAN is an adaptation layer to support IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4 to overcome the challenge of the physical layer with respect to the limitation of 127 bytes of payload. 6LoWPAN supports header compression as one of its functions to reduce the number of bits in header by using compression techniques. Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) provides RuleID based header compression. This paper proposes further compression of address bits based on compressing leading zeros in IPv6 addresses. The proposed work is analysed with respect to Header compression HC1 of 6LoWPAN and SCHC techniques. The simulation results show compression of address bits are 10% to 40% more compared to traditional address compression of the 6LoWPAN address compression when continuous zeroes are present in the address. The compression of address bits provides sufficient space for sending data payload in one frame during communication. © 2013 IEEE.Item Hop count, ETX and energy selection-based objective function for image data transmission over 6LoWPAN in Internet of Things(Inderscience Publishers, 2024) Bhat, A.; Geetha, V.Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology which connects millions of things to the internet for collecting data and controlling things. 6LoWPAN is designed with the idea to connect resource-constrained IoT devices. The current design of 6LoWPAN poses several challenges to support multimedia IoT devices such as cameras and audio recorders. This paper addresses one of the challenges in the area of parent selection with a new hop count, ETX and energy selection-based Objective Function (OF) for multimedia data traffic. The performance of the proposed OF is compared with existing OF with respect to packet delivery ratio, control traffic overhead, energy consumption and latency running simulations on different topologies in Cooja. The results of the simulations indicate the proposed OF performs better than existing methods in all the areas measured. Experimental results mention that the proposed HEE-OF improves PDR, overhead and energy parameters by 4%, 6% and 3%, respectively. © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.