Faculty Publications
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Item An Experimental Study on Combustion and Emission Analysis of Four Cylinder 4-Stroke Gasoline Engine Using Pure Hydrogen and LPG at Idle Condition(Elsevier Ltd, 2016) Chitragar, P.R.; Shivaprasad, K.V.; Nayak, V.; Bedar, P.; Kumar, G.N.Fluctuation in oil prices and stricter exhaust emission norms were the main reasons wakening every researcher to search for suitable and feasible alternative fuels for automotive use. Among the available option gaseous fuels find their best position because of their compatible physical-chemical properties and ecofriendly nature than present fossil fuels. Hydrogen's combustion properties like high energy content, high heating value, wide range of flammability and low ignition energy with almost least toxic emissions are favorable to use in an IC engine as an alternative fuel. Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) has lower carbon content, higher calorific value, octane number and flame propagation speed will improve the emission results compared to gasoline fuel. This paper describes an experimental results carried out to evaluate the combustion and emission performance of a Maruti Suzuki make, spark ignited four cylinders, four stroke engines at idle condition by using pure hydrogen, LPG and gasoline. The engine was adjoined with Electronic Control Unit (ECU) assisting hydrogen and LPG injector system keeping gasoline line unchanged. Tests were carried out by using compressed hydrogen gas regulated by two stage pressure reduction from cylinder to atmospheric value and by using vaporizer pressure for LPG. For comparison engine was run first by gasoline and then by pure hydrogen and LPG. Study revealed that there was increment of 13% cylinder pressure for pure hydrogen and decrement of 4.5% cylinder pressure for LPG when compared to gasoline. The burn duration for pure hydrogen, LPG and gasoline were found to be increasing respectively which infers that hydrogen has very short combustion duration and gasoline higher. It was observed that toxic emissions like Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons (HC) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) were improved for pure hydrogen than LPG and gasoline. © 2016 The Authors.Item Performance Emission and Combustion Characteristics of CRDI Engine Operating on Jatropha Curcas Blend with EGR(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Bedar, P.; Kumar, G.N.The present experimental study uses dual cylinder common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fuelled by Jatropha curcas biodiesel blends produced through Transesterification process along with application of water cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates. Performance, emissions and combustion properties of an engine at constant speed were measured and analysed. The improvement in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) along with reduction in carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (UBHC) and smoke opacity were observed for the B20 biodiesel blend with a marginal increase in oxides of nitrogen (NOx). EGR application has reduced the NOx emissions and peak pressure inside the combustion chamber due to lower flame temperature. Combining B20 blend ratio with 15% EGR rate has the potential to achieve ultra-low NOx without affecting other type of diesel engine exhaust emissions by maintaining same efficiency level. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd.Item Combustion analysis of cylinder pressure, NHRR, MGT and CHRR of twin cylinder CRDI engine(American Institute of Physics Inc., 2021) Bedar, P.; Santhosh, K.; Kumar, G.N.In the present experimental study Jatropha curcas biodiesel blends produced through Trans-esterification process is used along with application of different cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates in a twin cylinder four stroke CRDI engine. Combustion properties like cylinder pressure, NHRR, MGT and CHRR of an engine at constant speed were measured and analysed. From the analysis it is found that JB20 fuel blend has peak combustion pressure, temperature and NHRR due to better combustion. Maximum cylinder pressure and MGT increased with increase of FIP, this is due to improved fuel-air mixing at high fuel injection pressure. With respect to application of EGR rate, the NHRR is lesser because of higher EGR rates may lead to formation of low temperature flames and also the increased concentration of CO2 and H2O in the mixture will lead to slower reaction © 2021 Author(s).Item Effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on diesel engine using Simarouba glauca biodiesel blends(Regional Energy Resources Information Center (RERIC) enreric@ait.ac.th, 2015) Bedar, P.; Pandey, J.K.; Kumar, G.N.This article deals with the usage of non-edible Simarouba glauca (paradise) oil as a biodiesel for single cylinder diesel engine with application of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates. Biodiesel blends B10, B20 with EGR rates of 10%, 15%, and 20% are used for different load conditions. Parameters like brake thermal efficiency (BTE), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and smoke opacity were evaluated from the experimental study. The results show that Simarouba glauca biodiesel usage decreases HC, CO and smoke emissions with slight increase of NOx, also an improvement in the performance was observed for B10 blend. EGR rates 10% and 15% are beneficiated in terms of performance and emission but negative trend is observed for 20% EGR rate. On the whole it is concluded that a better trade-off between NOx and other emissions is attained with simultaneous application of EGR (15%) and biodiesel blend (B10) without compromising engine performance.Item Performance and emission analysis of a single cylinder CI engine using Simarouba glauca biodiesel(Springer Heidelberg, 2017) Bedar, P.; Chitragar, P.R.; Shivaprasad, K.V.; Kumar, G.N.It is well known fact that diesel engines are commonly used for transportation and power generation due to their high efficiency, low fuel consumption and durability. On contrary these engines churn out harmful and hazardous emissions like particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Recently Bio-origin renewable fuels have taken center stage of discussion because of their ability to replace depleting fossil fuels and capacity to reduce hazardous engine exhausts emissions when used in diesel engines. In the present experimental study Simarouba glauca biodiesel is used in a naturally aspirated four stroke single cylinder air cooled direct injection kirloskar DA10 engine. The main objective is to investigate the effect of biodiesel and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine at 180 bar fuel injection pressure (FIP) with standard injection timing. B20, B40 biodiesel blends with 10, 15 and 20% EGR ratios were used for the study to investigate brake thermal efficiency (BTE), carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (UBHC), NOx, and smoke opacity. Reduction in CO, HC and smoke opacity is noticed with simarouba biodiesel fuel while increasing NOx compared to diesel. Application of EGR along with biodiesel resulted in simultaneous reduction of nitrogen oxides and smoke without affecting engine performance. It was found from experiment that B20 blend at 15% EGR shown superior performance characteristics compared to other conditions. © Springer India 2017.Item Combined effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and fuel injection pressure on CRDI engine operating with jatropha curcas biodiesel blends(Taylor's University # 1, Jalan Taylor's Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, 2017) Bedar, P.; Lamani, V.T.; Ayodhya, A.S.; Kumar, G.N.This work investigates the influence of Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and injection pressure on the performance and emissions of CRDI engine using Jatropha curcas biodiesel blends of 10% and 20% (B10 and B20). Experiments were carried out for three fuel injection pressures (FIP) of 300, 400 and 500 bar with 15% and 20% EGR rate at constant speed of 2000 rpm and standard injection timing of 150 BTDC. Parameters like brake thermal efficiency and emission characteristics such as smoke opacity, oxides of nitrogen (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon mono-oxide (CO) were measured and analysed. The results showed improvement of performance in terms of brake thermal efficiency for blends B10, B20 and with 15%EGR rate. Smoke, HC and CO decreased while slightly increasing NOx emissions when working with biodiesel. In summary, it is optimized that engine running with combination of B20 blend and 15% EGR rate culminates into NOx reductions without affecting engine efficiency and other emissions like smoke opacity, hydrocarbon and carbon mono-oxide. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.Item Effect of exhaust gas recirculation on a CRDI engine fueled with waste plastic oil blend(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Ayodhya, A.S.; Lamani, V.T.; Bedar, P.; Kumar, G.N.The inevitable rise in the usage of plastic poses a serious threat to the environment owing to their non-biodegradable nature. The lack of proper infrastructure for treating and recycling plastic wastes give rise to the disposal problem. However, the oil synthesized from these waste plastics can be used as an alternative fuel for C.I engines which not only helps to tackle the disposal problem but also aids in recovering precious energy from these wastes. This experimental investigation aims to study the effects of plastic-diesel blend(P30) fuel on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a twin cylinder CRDI engine operating at different EGR rates (0%, 10% and 20%). The experimental results showed a slight drop in the engine performance while operating with plastic blend, mainly overall due to its higher viscosity and lower heating value. The vast upsurge of NOX emissions with plastic blend was mitigated by the aid of EGR methodology. Marginal increase in the discharge of regulated emissions like HC, CO and soot were noticed for both plastic blend as well as EGR operations. The experiments were carried out for five different loading conditions varying from 0% to 80% in steps of 20% each and found out that waste plastic-diesel blend can be successfully used as an alternative fuel in diesel vehicles without any prior modifications in the engine. © 2018 Elsevier LtdItem A novel approach to enhance the combustion quality of C5 alcohol with 2-Ethylhexyl nitrate as a cetane enhancer in common rail direct ignition diesel engine(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Santhosh, S.; Kumar, K.; Bedar, P.The purpose of this investigation is to explore the effect of 1-Pentanol and 2-Ethylhexyl nitrate (2-EHN), on the characteristics of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine. The major feedstock for the production of 1-pentanol (bio-alcohol) is non food biomass waste. The conversion of waste biomass into useful energy contributes to the cleaner production of fuel and its utilization. The trial was conducted in a 2-cylinder CRDI test rig. The engine was fuelled with diesel, 40P60D (40% 1-Pentanol & 60% diesel v/v) and then 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm of 2-EHN was doped to 40P60D. The addition of 1-Pentnaol showed a slight negative effect on combustion at low and medium loads. Furthermore, an extension in the delay period (DP) and combustion duration (CD) was seen for 1-Pentanol blend. The doping of 2-EHN, enhances the cetane count and leads to improvement in the combustion parameters and a reduction in DP and CD was noted. The 1000 ppm of 2-EHN doped blend showed 8.7% of higher BTE and 8.61% lower BSEC compared to 40P60D, also 1.89% and 50% lower HC and CO at 80% load and 36.9% lower NO at 60% load in contrast to diesel. Among all the concentrations 1000 ppm of 2-EHN showed satisfactory results. It is concluded that 40% of 1-Pentanol with 1000 ppm of 2-EHN can be used as an alternative fuel to pure diesel without compromising in performance of the engine. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd