Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item Supercapattery: An Electrochemical Energy Storage Device(wiley, 2023) Mascarenhas, F.J.; Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.The emission of greenhouse gases into the environment due to the use of non-renewable energy sources has become one of the biggest challenges to the world research community. Hence, there is a necessity for the evolution of clean energy sources since the energy demand has exponentially increased globally because of the expansion in the world’s population leading to modernization. Therefore, a substantial amount of research is being implemented to efficiently convert renewable energy and capture it in energy storage devices. One of the gravitating energy storage devices is a supercapattery device made from the battery and capacitor-type electrode materials with tremendous specific energy and power. The current chapter outlines the development and various aspects of supercapattery devices, including the device’s working mechanism, the materials used, the recent advancement, challenges, and future perspectives. © 2023 Scrivener Publishing LLC.Item Solid Waste-Derived Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors(wiley, 2023) Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.An exponential increase in the atmospheric temperature, destructive environmental effects, and the unreplenishable nature of energy supplies have sparked universal attention to the need to find alternative energy sources, value-added chemical products, and fuel. Biomass-derived material has emerged as a fantastic alternative in this regard. These biomasses contain carbon as a skeletal backbone, allowing science and technology to function to a higher degree. Numerous naturally abundant environmental and agro-wastes have been researched to manufacture porous carbon for supercapacitor electrodes because of their ready availability, outstanding performance, and easy processing techniques. This chapter discusses various environmental waste-derived carbon nanomaterials and general preparation methods, activation processes, recent advancements, challenges, and future perspectives. © 2023 Scrivener Publishing LLC.Item Infections, Symptoms, and Clinical Diagnostic Techniques for Dengue: A Case Study of a Neglected Tropical Disease(wiley, 2025) Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are "chronic endemic tropical illnesses" that have been "ignored in the community health domain" and mainly impact "impoverished and marginalized people." These infectious illnesses are common in areas with limited access to healthcare and can be lethal despite the current therapies. Owing to the high rates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality associated with NTDs worldwide, the effects of these illnesses and treatment options have received much attention. Despite several attempts to create successful and secure medications, treat outpatients, and eradicate vectors, proper and timely diagnosis is the first step in expediting treatment. Some diseases can be easily detected by specimen identification or examination of physically visible symptoms, but early detection and asymptomatic disorders are sometimes difficult to identify. Infections, symptoms, and major conventional electrochemical diagnostic techniques, such as biosensors that are used to detect dengue fever and disease prevention methods, are discussed in this chapter. © 2025 Scrivener Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.Item Benzene hydroxylation to phenol with iron impregnated activated carbon catalysts(Elsevier Inc., 2006) Choi, J.-S.; Kim, T.-H.; Choo, K.-Y.; Sung, J.-S.; Saidutta, M.B.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Rhee, Y.-W.Iron impregnated on activated carbon was used as catalyst for the direct synthesis of phenol from benzene. The effect of Sn addition to the catalyst was studied. The prepared catalysts were characterized by BET, SEM and XRD analysis. The catalyst 5.0Fe/AC showed good activity in the conversion of benzene and addition of Sn seemed to improve the selectivity of phenol in the reaction. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item MoVW-mixed oxide as a partial oxidation catalyst for methanol to formaldehyde(Elsevier Inc., 2006) Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Jung, S.C.; Kim, K.-S.; Choo, K.-Y.; Sung, J.-S.; Kim, T.-H.Mixed oxide with composition Mo0.65V0.25W 0.10Ox was synthesized and its catalytic activity for the selective oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde was investigated. The characterization by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy reveals that the prepared catalyst is inhomogeneous nanocrystalline Mo5O 14-type oxide with minor amount of MoO3-type and MoO 2-type material. Thermal activation treatment of the catalyst at 813K resulted in better crystalline sample. The overall structural analysis suggests that the catalytic performance of the MoVW-mixed oxide catalyst in partial oxidation of methanol is related to the formation of the Mo5O 14-type material. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Ultrafast optical response of a new metal organic complex-polymer composite film(2009) JohnKiran, A.; Lee, H.W.; Kumar, H.C.S.; Rudresha, B.J.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Yeom, D.-I.; Rotermund, F.A new Cu-based metal organic complex incorporated into poly (methyl mathacrylate) film exhibits large and fast offresonant optical nonlinearity in the 800 to 1550 nm wavelength range. A large x(3) value of l.8 x l0-10 esu is estimated. © 2009 IEEE.Item Ultrafast optical response of a new metal organic complex-polymer composite film(2009) Kiran, A.J.; Lee, H.W.; Kumar, H.C.S.; Rudresha, B.J.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Yeom, D.-I.; Rotermund, F.A new Cu-based metal organic complex incorporated into poly (methyl mathacrylate) film exhibits large and fast offresonant optical nonlinearity in the 800 to 1550 nm wavelength range. A large Χ(3) value of 1.8×10-10 esu is estimated. © 2009 IEEE.Item Third-order nonlinear optical properties and optical switching of palladium (I) complex(2011) Manjunatha, K.B.; Dileep, R.; Shelar, M.S.; Umesh, G.; Satyanarayan, M.N.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.We report the third-order nonlinear optical, optical power limiting and optical switching study of palladium-N-(2-pyridyl)-N′- (5-amino salicylidene) hydrazine triphenylphosphine, using Z-scan technique and pump-probe technique. The measured nonlinear refractive index is n 2=-6.022×10-9esu. The complex exhibits the reverse saturable absorption (RSA), the nonlinear absorption coefficient of β=10.748×10-9m/W. The good optical power limiting and optical switching behavior were observed in this complex. These suggest that this complex is a potential molecule for photonic applications. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.Item Synthesis, characterization and third order nonlinear optical studies of diimine based Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes(2011) Rudresha, B.J.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Umesh, G.The Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) complexes bearing diimine and one-dimensional (1D) push-pull NLO-phores with Ï€-conjugation between ligands and metal have been synthesized for two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear optical response. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of complexes were studied using Z-scan technique at 532 nm with nanosecond laser pulses. The complexes show optical limiting behavior. The values of the effective two-photon absorption (2PA) coefficients (β), third-order nonlinear susceptibilities (χ( (3)) and large two-photon absorption cross sections (σ2) are calculated. Z-scan results show that complexes are suitable materials for optical limiting as well as optical switching applications. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.Item Synthesis and third-order nonlinear optical studies of four-coordinated copper(I) complexes(2011) Kumar, H.C.S.; Rudresha, B.J.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Philip, R.; Guru Row, T.N.G.Three Cu(I) halide complexes [Cu(L)(PPh3)X] (L=1,10- phenanthroline, X=Cl (1), Br (2) and I (3), PPh3=triphenylphosphine) have been synthesised and characterised by spectroscopic techniques. Further structure of the complex 1 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The nonlinear optical properties of the complexes were investigated at 532 nm using single beam Z-scan technique with nanosecond laser pulses. The complexes showed strong optical limiting behavior due to effective three-photon absorption (3PA). The values of 3PA coefficients (γ) for 1, 2 and 3 were found to be 3.2×10-24m3/W2, 6.0×10-25m3/W2 and 1.2×10 -23m3/W2 respectively, which are comparable to good optical limiting materials. These studies demonstrate that the Ligand→copper coordinative bonds facilitate the polarization of the electronic Ï€-system which optimizes the third-order NLO response in the reported complexes. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.