Faculty Publications
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Item Interparticle interactions and lacunarity of mechano-chemically activated fly ash(Elsevier, 2015) Patil, A.G.; Shanmugharaj, A.M.; Anandhan, S.A class F fly ash was subjected to high-energy ball milling-induced mechano-chemical activation aided by a surfactant. The resultant nanostructured fly ash was characterized by various techniques. X-ray fluorescence results showed that the amount of iron oxide was reduced from 4.39% to 2.75% after pre-treatment of fly ash by magnetic separation. Ethyl acetate as the milling medium, a ball to powder ratio of 12:1 and 2wt% of surfactant reduced the average particle size of fly ash to 329nm and led to a specific surface area of 8.73m2/g. The decrease in crystallite size of mechano-chemically activated fly ash was confirmed from a reduction in peak intensity with a broadened amorphous phase by X-ray diffraction studies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic characterization illustrated that peak area of major elements (O, Si and Al) increased after milling. Morphological and FTIR studies revealed that the smooth and inert surface of the fly ash was converted to a rough and more reactive one after mechano-chemical activation. The surface modification of fly ash with the surfactant was determined from FTIR spectroscopy. Also, a fractal approach was used to characterize the lacunarity of the agglomerates in the nanostructured fly ash. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.Item Characterization of composites based on biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol) and nanostructured fly ash with an emphasis on polymer-filler interaction(SAGE Publications Ltd info@sagepub.co.uk, 2016) Patil, A.G.; SelvaKumar, M.; Anandhan, S.A thermal power station fly ash (FA) was mechanochemically activated by high-energy ball milling that yielded nanostructured FA. This nanostructured FA was incorporated into biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix by solution mixing and ultrasonication. Transmission electron micrographs revealed that the smooth spherical particles of FA were changed into irregular and rough ones; in addition, the particle size of FA was reduced to a few hundred nanometers, and its specific surface area value increased after the high-energy milling process. All these factors, in turn, led to a thermodynamically favorable interaction between the mechanochemically activated FA and PVA as evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The incorporation of a very small amount of the nanostructured FA led to an increase in crystallinity of the polymer matrix. The glass transition temperature of the PVA matrix increased by about 18°C when 5 wt% of the nanostructured FA was used as the reinforcement. © The Author(s) 2014.