Faculty Publications
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Item New CPS-PPEES blend membranes for CaCl2 and NaCl rejection(Techno Press technop2@chollian.net, 2012) Hegde, C.; Isloor, A.M.; Padaki, M.; A.F., A.F.; Lau, L.W.Carboxylated polysulfone (CPS), poly (1,4-phenylene ether ethersulfone) (PPEES), membranes were prepared and used for the separation of NaCl and CaCl2 in efficient way with less energy consumption. In this work, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes were employed to the salt rejection behavior of the different salt solutions. The influence of applied pressure (1-12 bar), on the membrane performance was assessed. In CM series of membranes, CM1 showed maximum of 97% water uptake and 36% water swelling, whereas, CM4 showed 75% water uptake and 28% water swelling. In RCM series, RCM1 showed 85% water uptake and 32% water swelling whereas, in RCM4 it was 68% for water uptake and 20% for water swelling. Conclusively reverse osmosis membranes gave better rejection whereas nanofiltration membrane showed enhanced flux. CM1 showed 58% of rejection with 12L/(m2h) flux and RCM1 showed 55% of rejection with 15L/(m2h) flux for 0.1wt.% NaCl solution. Whereas, in 0.1wt.% CaCl22 solution, membrane CM11 showed 78% of rejection with 12L/(m2h) flux and RCM1 showed 63% rejection with flux of 9L/(m2h).Item Synthesis, characterization and desalination study of novel PSAB and mPSAB blend membranes with Polysulfone (PSf)(2012) Padaki, M.; Isloor, A.M.; A.F., A.F.; Abdullah, M.S.The present paper describes the synthesis of poly sulphonyl amino benzamide (PSAB) and methyalated poly sulphonyl amino benzamide (mPSAB) polymer, using terephthalic acid chloride and substituted 4-amino-1-benzensulphonmide in N-methyl-. 2-pyrrolidone. Polymers were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and GPC. Polysulfone composite membranes were prepared using these novel poymers by DIPS (Diffusion Induced Phase Seperation) method. These composite membranes are useful for water purification with special emphasis on sea water desalination. Newly prepared membranes were studied for salt rejection, water flux, molecular weight cut off by PEG solution, effect of the pH on water swelling and salt rejection and flux decline was also studied. 30 to 70% of the salt rejection was observed in all membranes. Effect of the dilution on salt rejection was studied using different concentration of NaCl solution varying from 1000. ppm to 3500. ppm. All the membranes showed 80% rejection for PEG having 1000. Da molecular weight. Contact angle and water swelling was measured to determine hydrophilicity of the membrane. Water swelling and salt rejection in different pH was also studied. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.Item Studies on copper coated polysulfone/modified poly isobutylene alt-maleic anhydride blend membrane and its antibiofouling property(2013) Isloor, A.M.; Ganesh, B.M.; Isloor, S.; A.F., A.F.; Nagaraj, H.S.; Pattabi, M.As nanofiltration is gaining more and more importance in the field of desalination, one has to address the many obstacles in order to achieve effective/efficient filtration. One such issue is biofouling and microbial attack to the membrane. This paper describes about the study on copper coating onto the membrane surface as biofouling protective layer. This is an attempt to come up with a new approach for desalination and an antimicrobial membrane. The work indicates that, the copper coated membrane can resist the possible microbial attack to some extent while maintaining good salt rejection and appreciable flux. SEM and EDX studies had shown the distribution of copper on the membrane surface. The copper coated membrane had shown the maximum salt rejection of about 96% for 3500ppm NaCl solution and also it had shown the pure water flux of 36Lm-2h-1. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.Item Enhanced hydrophilicity and salt rejection study of graphene oxide-polysulfone mixed matrix membrane(2013) Ganesh, B.M.; Isloor, A.M.; A.F., A.F.Graphene oxide (GO) dispersed polysulfone (PSf) mixed matrix membranes were prepared by wet phase inversion method. The morphology of membranes was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The variation in hydrophilicity was studied by measuring surface wettability and water swelling experiments. The performance of membranes in terms of pure water flux and salt rejection was studied. SEM images depict enhanced macrovoids, while the contact angle data reveals that, GO incorporated membrane surface is moderately hydrophilic. Membranes exhibited improved salt rejection after GO doping. Membrane with 2000ppm GO loading has exhibited maximum of 72% Na2SO4 rejection at 4bar applied pressure. The salt rejection seems to depend on pH of the feed solution and it has been witnessed that the salt rejection showed an increasing trend with increase in the pH. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.Item Preparation and characterization of PPEES/chitosan composite nanofiltration membrane(2013) Shenvi, S.S.; Abdul Rashid, S.A.; A.F., A.F.; Kassim, M.A.; Isloor, A.M.Composite membrane having chitosan (CH) as the active layer supported on Poly(1,4-phenylene ether ether sulfone) (PPEES) membrane was synthesized in the current study. The chitosan layer was crosslinked by glutaraldehyde in two different concentrations. The scanning electron microscopic images and hydraulic permeability coefficient revealed the ultrafiltration (UF) nature of the neat PPEES membrane. This was used as a new support material for the casting of chitosan layer in order to get composite membranes. The composite nature of the PPEES/CH membranes was confirmed by FESEM and DSC analysis. The Infrared spectroscopy results confirmed the crosslinking of the chitosan surface by glutaraldehyde (GA). The changes in the hydrophobic nature of the PPEES membrane surface due to deposition of chitosan active layer followed by crosslinking were studied by their contact angle measurement and water flux study. From our studies, PPEES has proved to be a good support membrane for preparation of composite membranes. Increase in GA concentration increased the salt rejection of the membrane up to 34% for NaCl and 53% for MgSO4 on one hand with a simultaneous decrease in the flux values. The hydraulic permeability coefficient values confirmed that the prepared membranes are in nanofiltration range. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.Item Preparation of antifouling polyetherimide/hydrolysed PIAM blend nanofiltration membranes for salt rejection applications(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014) Hebbar, R.S.; Isloor, A.M.; A.F., A.F.Nanofiltration (NF) membranes are continually sought for their unique physical and chemical properties, which allow filtration of electrolytes, dyes and other substances. In continuation of our efforts to prepare NF membranes, flat sheet polyetherimide/hydrolysed poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PIAM) blend membranes have been prepared. The main aim was to explore the effect of addition of PIAM on morphological features and permeation properties of the membranes. The presence of dicarboxlic acid functionality leads to an enhancement in the hydrophilicity and antifouling properties. The results revealed that increasing the content of hydrolysed PIAMdecreases the pore size of the membranes and subsequently increases the electrolyte rejection. The PEI/hydrolysed PIAM composition (80 : 20) showed reasonably good salt rejection (sodium sulphate of 1000 ppm) of up to 76% with a pure water flux of 11.8 L m-2 h-1 at 0.4 MPa transmembrane pressure. This study provides a simple and effective approach to produce a negatively charged NF membranes for water desalination applications with low energy consumption. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014.