Journal Articles
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Item Tuning Surface Energy of Pristine Separator with γ-AlO(OH) Nanocapsules for Inhibiting Lithium Polysulfide Shuttle and Lithium Dendrite Growth(American Chemical Society, 2024) Abbas, S.A.; Ali, M.; Hakeem, A.S.; Saeed Alzahrani, A.S.; Meena, M.L.; Javid, M.The severe shuttling of dissolved lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) (Li2Sx, 4 ≤ x ≤ 8) and the generation of lithium dendrites upon cycling have hampered the safety and performance of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSB). Herein, we report the strategy of tuning the surface energy of the pristine separator with γ-AlO(OH) nanocapsules to address the aforementioned problems. The enhanced surface energy from 26.62 to 63.64 mJ m-2 yields multiple benefits, including impeding the migrating polysulfides by chemically binding them with γ-AlO(OH) nanocapsules, enhancing the lithium-ion migration through the separator by promoting hydrophilicity in the separator and mitigating the generation of lithium dendrites by a uniform distribution of Li+ on top of lithium metal via interaction with γ-AlO(OH) nanocapsules. Live discharging of the H-cell demonstrated that the LiPS mitigation can be curtailed by using γ-AlO(OH) nanocapsules modified separator (BNC). Moreover, the BNC separator’s thermally insulating properties render the Li-S battery stable behavior while cycling at an even temperature of 75 °C. The spray coating technology used for coating γ-AlO(OH) nanocapsules on top of pristine separator offers a scalable solution for commercializing such modified separators. © 2024 American Chemical Society.Item Dual storage mechanism of Bi2O3/Co3O4/MWCNT composite as an anode for lithium-ion battery and lithium-ion capacitor(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Lakshmi Sagar, G.; Brijesh, K.; Mukesh, P.; Hegde, A.P.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, A.; Bhat, K.S.; Nagaraja, H.S.Bismuth oxide(Bi2O3) and cobalt oxide(Co3O4) are promising owing to their unique properties, high storage capacity, low cost, and eco-friendliness, making them ideal for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) and lithium-ion capacitors(LICs) anodes. This study presents the synthesis and thorough characterization of Bi2O3/Co3O4 and Bi2O3/Co3O4/MWCNT composites as potential LIB and LIC anode materials. The materials are synthesized using a hydrothermal process succeeded by annealing. Structural, morphological, and compositional studies were analyzed. Various tests evaluated electrochemical performance, including cyclic voltammetry(CV), confirming a dual storage mechanism like alloying and conversion reaction involved for better energy storage. Specific discharge capacities of 834 mAh/g and 1184 mAh/g were recorded for Bi2O3/Co3O4 and Bi2O3/Co3O4/MWCNT composite electrodes at a current density of 100 mA/g, respectively. The composite material exhibited notably enhanced rate capability, with 31 % and 51 % discharge capacities for Bi2O3/Co3O4 and Bi2O3/Co3O4/MWCNT, respectively. The cyclic stability assessment revealed that Bi2O3/Co3O4 and Bi2O3/Co3O4/MWCNT maintained a high coulombic efficiency of around 99 % over 250 charge–discharge cycles at a high current density of 1 A/g. The capacity retention was approximately 253 mAh/g for Bi2O3/Co3O4 and 439 mAh/g for the Bi2O3/Co3O4/MWCNT composite, indicating excellent cyclic stability and minimal energy loss during cycling. Moreover, the LICs assembly of Bi2O3/Co3O4/MWCNT//CB was investigated, revealing a power density of 200 W kg?1 alongside an energy density of 8.64 Wh kg?1. The cyclic stability assessment over 10,000 cycles exhibits a capacity retention of approximately 45 % under a high current density of 2 A/g. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Item Novel Ag2Cu2O3 nanorods as stable anode material for lithium-ion battery(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Kumar, A.; Sagar G, L.; P, M.; Hegde, A.P.; Nagaraja, H.S.In this research novel Ag2Cu2O3 nanorods was prepared, for lithium-ion battery as anode, using facile co-precipitation method with four different stirring time and correspondingly Ag2Cu2O3 named ACO – 30 M, ACO – 12 H, ACO – 24 H, and ACO – 36 H. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) analyze surface and morphology, while X-ray Diffraction (XRD) examines structural properties. Compositional analysis is carried out using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical analysis is evaluated by cyclic stability, rate capability, discharge/charge capacity, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The ACO – 24 H nanomaterial demonstrates an initial discharge capacity of 943 mAh g?1 at a current density of 50 mA g?1. Among the four materials tested, ACO – 24 H shows superior cycling performance, with a discharge capacity of 174 mAh g?1 at 200 mA g?1 after 1003 cycles. In comparison, ACO – 30 M, ACO – 12 H, and ACO – 36 H exhibit capacities of 134 mAh g?1, 91 mAh g?1, and 43 mAh g?1, respectively, under the same conditions. This study suggests that ACO – 24 H is a promising anode material for lithium-ion battery applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.Item Reinforcing NiO microsphere structural stability via amorphous carbon sheets obtained from waste milk for lithium-ion capacitor application(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Lakshmi Sagar, G.; Brijesh, K.; Mukesh, P.; Hegde, A.P.; Kumar, A.; Paliwal, A.; Bhat, K.S.; Nagaraja, H.S.In the pursuit of sustainable chemistry and environmentally friendly energy storage, the study addressed the limitations of nickel oxide utilized as the active material for the anode in lithium-ion capacitors. Despite its abundance and favorable environmental properties, NiO suffered from significant volumetric expansion and slow electrochemical kinetics compared to carbon materials. To overcome these issues, amorphous carbon was extracted from spoiled waste milk through a simple combustion process, effectively converting biomass waste into renewable resources. The engineered NiO/amorphous carbon composite, synthesized through hydrothermal and annealing processes, mitigated the limitations of NiO. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy confirmed the deposition of amorphous carbon sheets encasing NiO microspheres, which preserved structural integrity during electrochemical cycling. The amorphous carbon acted as a stabilizing matrix, encapsulating NiO microspheres to mitigate volumetric expansion and enhance lithium-ion transport kinetics. Electrochemical tests demonstrated a specific discharge capacity of 1230 mAh g?1 at a current density of 100 mA g?1, retaining 401 mAh g?1 after 1000 cycles at 1 A g?1, nearly doubling the retention performance of pristine NiO. Furthermore, the NiO/AC//AC lithium-ion capacitor achieved an energy density of 25.4 Wh kg?1 at a power density of 1991 W kg?1, maintaining 96% capacity after 3500 cycles. This study highlighted the potential of waste-derived carbon in developing high-performance, sustainable energy storage systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025.Item Ge-doped 3D flower-like Cu2SnS3 structures for enhanced lithium-ion storage performance(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Appu, S.; Anusha, B.R.; Udayabhanu; Muhiuddin, M.; Rahman, M.R.; Kalappa, K.Development of advanced anode materials with high capacity and stable cycling performance is crucial for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. In this work, we report Ge-doped three-dimensional flower-like Cu2SnS3 (Ge-CSS) microstructures synthesized via a solvothermal route. The introduction of Ge into the Cu?SnS? lattice effectively enhances electrical conductivity and lithium-ion transport, leading to superior electrochemical properties. The Ge-CSS electrode delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 796 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g with improved cycling stability, retaining 354 mAh/g after 100 cycles, and exhibits excellent rate capability, maintaining 74.09 % capacity as the current density increases from 0.1 to 2 A/g. Moreover, the reduced charge transfer resistance compared to undoped Cu2SnS3 highlights the beneficial role of Ge incorporation. These findings demonstrate the potential of Ge-CSS microstructures as a promising anode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd