Journal Articles
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Item Cytocompatibility by MTT assay and platelet adhesion of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V coated with hydroxyapatite in different plasma gas atmospheres(Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 4838/24 Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110 002, 2017) Kotian, R.; Rao, P.P.; Madhyastha, P.; Shobha, K.L.; Satish Rao, B.S.S.; Ginjupalli, K.Aim: This study was performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V metals coated with hydroxyapatite (HA) by plasma spray using different plasma gas atmospheres. Materials and methods: The cell viabilities for each HA-coated sample in an atmosphere of argon, argon–hydrogen, nitrogen, and nitrogen–hydrogen were studied using MTT assay and platelet adhesion test. Results: The mean cell viabilities by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay of samples coated with HA in argon–hydrogen plasma atmosphere showed maximum cell viability at different time intervals compared with other coating atmospheres of argon–hydrogen, nitrogen, and nitrogen–hydrogen. A statistically significant value of cell viability (p < 0.001) was observed between and within the groups of argon, argon–hydrogen, nitrogen, and nitrogen–hydrogen plasma gas atmosphere. The platelet adhesion study showed agglomerates of platelet cells in some isolated regions of HA for all atmospheres. Significance: The results obtained in this study can serve as a guide for the development of new Ti-based HA-coated implants in different plasma gas atmospheres. © 2017, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Enhancing the functionality of biodegradable Mg–Zn–Mn alloys using poly(lactic) acid (PLA) coating for temporary implants(Springer, 2024) Kumar, P.; Anne, G.; Ramesh, M.R.; Doddamani, M.; Prabhu, A.Polylactic acid (PLA) was coated on biodegradable Mg–Zn–Mn alloys using a sol–gel coating technique for temporary implant applications. The presence of smooth, dense, crack-free PLA coating was evidenced using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and a scanning electronic microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) module. The strength of the bond between PLA and the Mg–Zn–Mn alloys was investigated as per ASTM D3359 and found to be 4B. The degradation behavior was evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. The corrosion rate of the PLA–Mg–Zn–Mn sample was found to be 0.00363 mm/y, which is 73% better than the bare Mg–Zn–Mn sample (0.00493 mm/y). In addition, the results of the cytotoxicity assay indicated the cytocompatibility of the implant material on MG-63 osteoblast-like cells, confirming its safety on the bone cells. The efficacy of the use of PLA coating on the biodegradable Mg–Zn–Mn is due to the synergistic effect of both physical and chemical interactions between the PLA layer and the substrate. © American Coatings Association 2024.Item Synthesis and characteristics of Fe/Ni/Cr oxide nanoparticles/PLA hybrid composite coatings on Mg–Zn–Ca alloy(Elsevier Editora Ltda, 2025) Kumar, P.; Kudva S, A.; T, A.; S, R.; Ramesh, M.R.; Prabhu, A.; Anne, G.Biodegradable materials research is dominated by magnesium and alloys thereof due to their excellent compatibility with biological barriers and biomechanical strength. Despite this, the rapid degradation of these materials in the physiological environment is the primary obstacle hindering their utilization in biomedical applications. This issue must be resolved before considering their use in clinical applications. To improve resistance towards corrosion and enhance biological efficacy and compatibility, the surfaces were coated with polylactic acid (PLA) using dip-coating. In this study, iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr) oxide nanoparticles from the Coleus amboinicus extract are synthesized and mixed with PLA to develop hybrid composite coatings, which are then applied onto the Mg–4Zn–1Ca alloy. Coleus amboinicus is known for its various medicinal properties, including immunoregulatory effects, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory properties, and potential use in treating sepsis and other ailments. The extracted FeNiCr was used the develop composite coatings on Mg–4Zn–1Ca alloy. The coating improves biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and overall performance of biomedical implants. These composite coatings were evaluated for their morphological and optical characteristics using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), 3-D non-contact profilometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion characteristics of developed samples were measured by electrochemical corrosion in standard simulation body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C. Furthermore, cytocompatibility of the PLA hybrid composites on osteoblast cells and apoptosis detection using acridine orange-ethidium bromide. Our developed coating showed ratings of 5B and 4B were obtained for FeNiCr/PLA NC- ball burnished (BB) Mg and FeNiCr/PLA nano composite (NC)–Mg samples, respectively, demonstrating the exceptional coating strength and the substrate. The corrosion rate of the FeNiCr/PLA NC-BB-Mg sample (0.02890 mm/y) is two-fold times increased against comparison with the H Mg sample (0.00012 mm/y). Cytocompatibility indicates their cytocompatibility for bone implant applications. © 2025 The AuthorsItem Investigating the role of WEDM surface texturing in the degradation and biocompatibility of Mg–Zn–Ca alloy(KeAi Publishing Communications Ltd., 2025) Aswith Babu, I.; Sekar, P.; Prabhu, A.; Narendranath, S.; Balan, A.S.S.Magnesium (Mg) alloy-based biodegradable implants are gaining popularity for their low density, high strength, and biocompatibility. The corrosion and wear performance of Mg is poor in physiological environments, leading to premature failure. Surface modification, particularly through surface texturing, reduces the effective contact area of Mg–Zn–Ca alloy with corrosive media and tribological partners, potentially optimizing its degradation kinetics and cytocompatibility. Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) offers a stable oxide layer on the surface, unlike laser surface texturing, which may thermally damage the Mg alloy. In this study, three types of textures, mainly Wavy Texture (WT), microchannels (MC), and micropillars (MP), were created using WEDM on the Mg–Zn–Ca samples, and their corrosion, wear, cytotoxicity, and cell adhesion performance were evaluated. Texturing on the surface of the samples enhanced the corrosion performance, from 3.14 mm/year for the untextured sample to 0.98 mm/year for the micropillar textured sample, representing a 68.8 % reduction. This improvement after texturing is attributed to the superior surface finish (1.049 ?m) and increased hydrophobicity (130.3°), equating to a 50.8 % improvement. The coefficient of friction (COF) value decreased from 0.364 for an untextured sample to 0.208 for microchannels, a 42.9 % reduction, due to the entrapment of debris in the textures and effective heat transfer. The samples' cell adhesion and cell viability have been improved after texturing. The combination of cytocompatibility, appropriate mechanical properties, and a reduced bio-corrosion rate highlights the potential of this surface texturing method, utilizing WEDM, as a promising approach to enhance biodegradable implant materials. © 2025 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltdé This is an open access article under the CC BY license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/