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In order to study sediment travelling paths across shoreline in different seasons, sediment samples were collected normal to the shoreline along three profiles, separated by 220m from Surathkal beach near Karnataka Regional Engineering College (K.R.E.C.), Karnataka. The sediments were analysed for their grain size characteristics (statistical parameters) and sediment trend matrix was prepared. By using sediment trend matrix, sediment travelling paths were drawn. It has been found that during premonsoon, sediments were moving predominantly towards offshore region, resulting in erosion. Sediments were moving predominantly towards shore and build-up of beach takes place during the post monsoon season.
(Sediment trend matrix analysis along shore normal transects off Surathkal beach, Karnataka) Rao, S.; Shirlal, K.G.; Rao, N.B.S.
2003
The coastal zone of Mangalore is acquiring an ever-increasing importance due to its rich ocean resources and favourable conditions for development of port based industries. All weather New Mangalore Port (NMP) Trust is the administrative unit of the port, which caters to the needs of large, medium and small-scale industries. The NMP is situated 10 km North of Mangalore, along Karnataka Coast, West Coast of India. The present study was carried out with a view to (i) understand sediment dynamics (ii) erosion/accretion pattern and (iii) study the coastal processes in the vicinity of the NMP breakwaters. Beach face sediment samples were collected and statistical parameters were determined using Folk and Ward (1957) formulae and then Sediment Trend Matrix (STM) was prepared. The STM was used to draw Sediment Transport Paths (STP), from which predominant sediment transport direction was identified. The performance of breakwaters at NMP was assessed by lead line soundings data. Based on the present study it is concluded that the net sediment transport in the vicinity of the NMP coast is very small. There are no significant changes observed in the bathymetry and shoreline in the vicinity of NMP due to breakwaters construction.
(Prediction of shoreline evolution by statistical analysis of beach samples and surveys at new Mangalore Port) Dwarakish, G.S.; Natesan, U.
2005
This study gives an insight into the source of organic carbon and nitrogen in the Godavari river and its tributaries, the yield of organic carbon from the catchment, seasonal variability in their concentration and the ultimate flux of organic and inorganic carbon into the Bay of Bengal. Particulate organic carbon/particulate organic nitrogen (POC/PON or C/N) ratios revealed that the dominant source of organic matter in the high season is from the soil (C/N = 8-14), while in the rest of the seasons, the river-derived (in situ) phytoplankton is the major source (C/N = l-8). Amount of organic materials carried from the lower catchment and flood plains to the oceans during the high season are 3 to 91 times higher than in the moderate and low seasons. Large-scale erosion and deforestation in the catchment has led to higher net yield of organic carbon in the Godavari catchment when compared to other major world rivers. The total flux of POC, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the Godavari river to the Bay of Bengal is estimated as 756 × 10 9 and 2520 × 109 g yr-1, respectively. About 22% of POC is lost in the main channel because of oxidation of labile organic matter, entrapment of organic material behind dams/sedimentation along flood plains and river channel; the DIC fluxes as a function of alkalinity are conservative throughout the river channel. Finally, the C/N ratios (?12) of the ultimate fluxes of particulate organic carbon suggest the dominance of refractory/stable soil organic matter that could eventually get buried in the coastal sediments on a geological time scale. © Springer 2005.
(Organic carbon transport and C/N ratio variations in a large tropical river: Godavari as a case study, India) Balakrishna, K.; Probst, J.L.
2005
Nine major rivers have been sampled around the Indian subcontinent to give an overview of the surface water characteristics. Both 18O and deuterium have been measured to determine the origin of the water and the possible evapotranspiration process. The major ions have also been analysed to obtain complementary information. Although some basins have been studied previously (mainly in the north), this is the first attempt at a wider investigation of major Indian rivers. The results are discussed from the perspective of the hydroclimatological, geographical and geological specificity of the river basins. ? 18O values vary from light-isotope-enriched Himalayan rivers to heavy-isotope-enriched peninsular Indian rivers in a northwest-southeast gradient across the subcontinent. There is more evapotranspiration, leading to heavy isotope enrichment, in the peninsular (southern Deccan) rivers compared with the light-isotope-enriched snow- and glacier-melt-derived waters of the Himalayan rivers. The ?18O values of Indian rivers correspond roughly to the ?18O values of the rains falling over the subcontinent. However, the influence of tributaries is dominant over rainfall in rivers like the Narmada and Tapti. The Cauvery and Krishna rivers show maximum evapotranspiration and sodium pollution, as indicated by the ?18O values, deuterium excess and major ion data. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
(Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of major Indian rivers: A first global assessment) Lambs, L.; Balakrishna, K.; Brunet, F.; Probst, J.L.
2005
Global pharmacy and pharmacology research: A scientometric study (1988 – 2017)
(Advanced Scientific Research, 2020) Hadagali, G.S.; Shettar, I.M.; Mulimani, R.; Kadakol, M.
The study presents the pharmacology research output with particular reference to the top ten Asian countries for the period of thirty years (1988 – 2017) using various Scientometric indicators. The data for the study were retrieved from the Web of Sciencedatabase for the period between 1988 and 2017. The outcomes of the study reveal that with 3.24 Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), the global pharmacology research output is growing so fast. Japan, China and India were leading Asian countries with nearly 20% of Pharmacology research publications together. Top 10 productive Asian counties have shown an increase in their global publication share, exceptJapan. Iran and China showed positive shift in TAI in research activity during the study. The Chinese Academy of Sciences (9,539) was the highly productive institution from Asia. The collaboration trend is towards multi and mega authorship instead of solo research. © 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved.
Public expenditure effectiveness for biodiversity conservation: Understanding the trends for project tiger in India
(Now Publishers Inc, 2020) Nayak, B.P.; Jena, P.R.; Chaudhury, S.
Project Tiger, a flagship programme for conservation of the tiger launched in 1973 in India has expanded over the years in terms of its geographical coverage and volume of expenditure. However, the tiger is still an endangered species in India and conservation efforts face multiple challenges like widespread loss of tiger habitat, decline in the density of prey animals, illegal poaching, human-animal conflicts and revenge killing. This study explores the trends and patterns of government expenditure over the years by reviewing the annual plan of operation of different tiger reserves and examines whether the volume or the pattern of expenditure has any relationship with performance, measured by the change in the number of tigers and occupancy in 28 tiger reserves. Analysis of the financial outlay data in the Annual Plan of Operation of the tiger reserves suggest that habitat improvement, which includes relocation, gets the highest share whereas human-animal conflict and eco-development gets the least, though more than 0.5 million households are located in and around the tiger reserves 0.3 million. Allocations are neither proportional to the size of the reserve nor to the tiger population. The relationships between expenditure categories and tiger populations are explored through a negative binomial regression model. Among the expenditure categories, expenditure on habitat improvement, excluding relocation, is found to be negatively related to tiger population whereas all other expenditures like infrastructure, protection, and human-animal conflict are positively related. © 2020 B. P. Nayak and P. R. Jena and S. Chaudhury
GIS-based multi-criteria analysis for identification of potential groundwater recharge zones - a case study from Ponnaniyaru watershed, Tamil Nadu, India
(KeAi Communications Co., 2020) Devanantham, D.; Subbarayan, S.; Singh, L.; Jennifer, J.J.; Saranya, T.; Kulithalai Shiyam Sundar, K.S.S.
Groundwater is one of the most vital natural resources; spatially varying in quality and quantity. Increased urbanisation and population creates tremendous pressure on the quality and quantity of the groundwater resources. In this study, Ponnaniyaru watershed of Cauvery basin was considered for this research. Geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) plays a vital role in preparing various thematic layers for targeting the groundwater potential zones (GWPZ). This study adopts the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi influence factor (MIF), multi-criteria decision-making approaches to determine the weights for the influencing factors. Weighted linear overlay analysis was carried out to determine the GWPZ. Further, the resultant GWPZ map has been reclassified into five different classes, namely Very good, Good, Moderate, Poor and Very poor. The results were validated with observed well-yield data, and the predictive precision for AHP and MIF was found to be 75%, and 71% respectively. © 2020 The Authors
E-learning adoption based on gender differences: Insight from India
(Inderscience Publishers, 2020) Vanitha, P.S.; Alathur, S.
Aim of this study is to explore the adoption of e-learning across gender. This study identifies how the factors influence e-learning adoption based on gender. The theories pertinent to gender difference are reviewed. Using a quantitative questionnaire survey method, 425 responses were collected from various higher education institutions from southern India. Using this data set acceptance of the hypothesis on e-learning adopted among different gender was statistically reported. Partial least square-structure equation model (PLE-SEM) is carried out to find the similarities and dissimilarities among male and female users in e-learning adoption. The current research focused on two dimensions: learner and technology. Further research can focus on the economy, religion and other possible factors. Earlier studies less reported on influence on the e-learning adoption based on different genders in India. Therefore, the current study focus on gender-based e-learning adoption in the Indian context. © © 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Evaluating the Performance of Secondary Precipitation Products through Statistical and Hydrological Modeling in a Mountainous Tropical Basin of India
(Hindawi Limited, 2020) Venkatesh, K.; Krakauer, N.Y.; Sharifi, E.; Ramesh, H.
This paper investigates the performance of gridded rainfall datasets for precipitation detection and streamflow simulations in Indias Tungabhadra river basin. Sixteen precipitation datasets categorized under gauge-based, satellite-only, reanalysis, and gauge-adjusted datasets were compared statistically against the gridded Indian Meteorological Dataset (IMD) employing two categorical and three continuous statistical metrics. Further, the precipitation datasets' performance in simulating streamflow was assessed by using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model. Based on the statistical metrics, Asian Precipitation Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation (APHRODITE) furnished very good results in terms of detecting rainfall, followed by Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation (CHIRP), National Centres for Environmental Prediction-Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (NCEP CFSR), Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) 3B42 v7, Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation Gauge Reanalysis v6 (GSMaP_Gauge_RNL), and Multisource Weighted Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) datasets which had good-to-moderate performances at a monthly time step. From the hydrological simulations, TRMM 3B42 v7, CHIRP, CHIRPS 0.05°, and GSMaP_Gauge_RNL v6 produced very good results with a high degree of correlation to observed streamflow, while Soil Moisture 2 Rain-Climate Change Initiative (SM2RAIN-CCI) dataset exhibited poor performance. From the extreme flow event analysis, it was observed that CHIRP, TRMM 3B42 v7, Global Precipitation Climatology Centre v7 (GPCC), and APHRODITE datasets captured more peak flow events and hence can be further implemented for extreme event analysis. Overall, we found that TRMM 3B42 v7, CHIRP, and CHIRPS 0.05° datasets performed better than other datasets and can be used for hydrological modeling and climate change studies in similar topographic and climatic watersheds in India. © 2020 Kolluru Venkatesh et al.
COLLABORATION TRENDS IN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA (NITK), SURATHKAL, INDIA: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON NETWORK MAPPING
(University of Idaho Library, 2020) Shettar, I.M.; Hadagali, G.S.
The study analyzes the research productivity and collaboration trends of National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK Surathkal) during 2010–2019 as indexed in the Web of Science database. A total of 2,405 records were published over a period of ten years and have received 24,456 citations. The indicators used for the study are: the Degree of Collaboration; Collaborative Coefficient; Collaboration Index; Authorship & co-authorship pattern; various types of Collaboration patterns like: Institutional, National and International Collaboration; collaboration with other types of Institutions in India; most preferred collaborative Institutes and Countries etc. The findings of the study indicate that the NITK Surathkal has a tendency towards collaborated publications, but higher proclivity towards collaborations within the institutional authors. Publications with international collaboration have received the maximum average citations per paper compared with Institutional and national collaborations. The institute has the maximum number of collaborations with authors from colleges; MAHE Manipal was the most collaborative institute and Malaysia was the most preferred collaborating country during the period of study. © 2020. All Rights Reserved.

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