Journal Articles

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/19884

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Author: search.filters.author.Yadav, A.K.Subject: search.filters.subject.Furfural

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    Efficient preparation of hybrid biofuels from biomass-derived 5-(acetoxymethyl)furfural and petroleum-derived aromatic hydrocarbons
    (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Yadav, A.K.; Bhat, N.S.; Kaushik, S.; Seikh, A.H.; Dutta, S.
    Fuel candidates containing both petroleum-derived and biomass-derived molecules in their structural motifs ensure both feedstocks are used optimally and coherently. This work reports a straightforward and efficient preparation of 5-(arylmethyl)furfurals (AMFFs), 2-(arylmethyl)furans (AMFs), and 2-(arylmethyl)-5-methylfurans (AMMFs) as hybrid biofuels (or fuel oxygenates) starting from carbohydrate-derived 5-(acetoxymethyl)furfural (AcMF) and petroleum-derived aromatic hydrocarbons. The AMFFs were prepared by Friedel-Crafts reaction between AcMF and aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., BTX, mesitylene) by employing anhydrous ZnCl2 as the catalyst. AMFs were prepared by decarbonylation of AMFFs over the Pd(OAc)2 catalyst under solvent-free conditions. In contrast, AMMFs were produced by hydrogenating AMFFs in methanol using gaseous hydrogen and the 10% Pd/C catalyst. The catalytic transformations were optimized on various parameters, and all the biofuel candidates were obtained in good to excellent isolated yields (>80%) under moderate conditions. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
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    Biomass-derived 5-(tolylmethyl)furfural as a promising diesel additive: preparation, process scale-up, and engine studies
    (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) Yadav, A.K.; Yadav, S.K.; Kumar, G.N.; Madav, V.; Dutta, S.
    Furanic fuel oxygenates, renewably produced from biomass, have received significant interest in lessening dependence on petroleum-derived liquid fuels and reducing emissions. 5-(Tolylmethyl)furfural (TMF) was prepared by the Friedel-Crafts reaction between cellulose-derived 5-(acetoxymethyl)furfural (AcMF) and petroleum-derived toluene. The process was optimized on various parameters, such as reaction temperature, molar ratio of reagents, catalyst loading, and duration. Anhydrous ZnCl2 was the best catalyst for the reaction, affording a 67% isolated yield of TMF under optimized conditions (120 °C, 4 h). TMF was prepared on a 30 g scale and blended (1-5 vol%) with diesel. The physicochemical properties of the TMF-diesel blended fuel mixtures were studied, and then they were employed as fuel for a direct injection single-cylinder diesel engine. The results show good fuel properties and reduced emissions compared to unblended diesel fuel. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.