5. Miscellaneous Publications
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/13843
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Item Use of antioxidants for enhancing oxidative stability of bulk edible oils: a review(2021) Mishra S.K.; Belur P.D.; Iyyaswami R.Edible oils industry is using synthetic and natural antioxidants to enhance the oxidative stability of bulk edible oils. Due to safety concerns of BHA, BHT and TBHQ, there is an ongoing effort to find an effective and safe replacement. Finding a safe antioxidant or its synergistic mixture, which delays, retard or prevent the oxidation of bulk oil without changing the colour or flavour upon addition is a challenge. In this review, a brief account of chemical basis of oxidative deterioration of the stored oil is given. The effectiveness of most widely experimented antioxidants such as tocopherols, carotenoids, ascorbic acid and its derivatives, lignan compounds, flavonoids, polyphenols and phenolic acids in various edible oils have been reviewed. Further, the synergistic and antagonistic combination of these antioxidants in controlling oxidative degradation of edible oils has been discussed. © 2020 Institute of Food, Science and Technology (IFSTTF)Item A review of the in vitro liquid mass culture of entomopathogenic nematodes(2021) Dunn M.D.; Belur P.D.; Malan A.P.Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are a safe insect biological control agent. Key to the implementation of EPNs as a biopesticide is their mass production in shake flasks and bioreactors. For commercial application, in vitro liquid culture is the predominant choice, due to the cost and scale of production, and to the ease of downstreaming. The in vitro liquid culture of EPNs begins in Erlenmeyer shake flasks to provide aeration and agitation. The initial liquid culture phase is followed by upscaling to 5-20-L desktop bioreactors and, thereafter, to 80-120-1000-L industrial-scale bioreactors. The ingredients of the liquid culture media, on which symbiotic bacteria and nematode develop, is of great importance for mass-culturing. The diet usually consists of essential nutrients that best replicate the constituency of the natural insect host, such as protein, carbohydrates and lipids. In addition, aeration and agitation are maintained, without causing shear damage due to the rotating impeller blades. Such factors, however, requires different parameters, depending on the EPN species involved, and, moreover, optimisation is required to obtain high yields and quality of infective juveniles. The objective of the current review is to assess the conditions required for optimal EPN production in liquid culture, and how the conditions might be optimised for South African EPN species. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.