Browsing by Author "Vinod, M."

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A dual full-bridge series-series resonant IPT system for ultra-wide-range electric vehicle battery applications
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Vinod, M.; Kishan, D.
The design of inductive charging systems presents a significant challenge for various electric vehicle models, each equipped with diverse battery packs ranging from 200 to 800 V. Typically, DC–DC converters, along with diode bridge rectifiers or controlled rectifiers, are employed to accommodate this wide battery voltage range. However, this conventional approach increases vehicle weight and introduces greater control intricacies. In response, this article proposes a wide-gain converter with two sets of coupled coils to charge batteries of different voltage ranges without compromising system efficiency. The proposed system operates in four modes: voltage doubler mode, current doubler mode, full-bridge mode, and half-bridge mode, which has high voltage gain, high current gain, medium voltage gain, and low voltage gain operations. The simulations have been performed using MATLAB-Simulink software to validate the efficacy of the dual full-bridge converter across various battery voltages (800 V, 400 V, and 200 V) and power levels. Furthermore, a laboratory prototype has been built with SiC devices to further validate the proposed converter. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
A Full Bridge Series-Series Resonant IPT System Optimized for Charging Electric Vehicle Bateries Across an Extensive Range
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Kishan, D.; Vinod, M.; Chub, A.
Designing an effective inductive charging system for electric vehicles, with distinct battery pack voltages ranging from 200 V to 800 V, poses considerable challenges. Conventionally, addressing this broad battery range involves using a secondary-side DC-DC converter with diode bridge rectifiers or controlled rectifiers, but this approach increases onboard vehicle weight and introduces complex control issues, leading to reduced system efficiency. This article proposes an innovative solution in the form of a wide-gain converter with two sets of coupled coils designed to efficiently charge batteries across different voltage ranges. The proposed system operates in four modes: voltage doubler (V-D), current doubler (I-D), full-bridge (F-B), and half-bridge (H-B) the system. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB simulations, and the simulated performances are validated using a laboratory prototype at different output voltage and power levels. Additionally, the laboratory prototype with SiC devices has been constructed. The efficiency analysis at various loading conditions has been evaluated. Â© 2024 IEEE.
A Full Bridge Series-Series Resonant IPT System Optimized for Charging Electric Vehicle Batteries Across an Extensive Range
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Kishan, D.; Vinod, M.; Chub, A.
Designing an effective inductive charging system for electric vehicles, with distinct battery pack voltages ranging from 200 V to 800 V, poses considerable challenges. Conventionally, addressing this broad battery range involves using a secondary-side DC-DC converter with diode bridge rectifiers or controlled rectifiers, but this approach increases onboard vehicle weight and introduces complex control issues, leading to reduced system efficiency. This article proposes an innovative solution in the form of a wide-gain converter with two sets of coupled coils designed to efficiently charge batteries across different voltage ranges. The proposed system operates in four modes: voltage doubler (V-D), current doubler (I-D), full-bridge (F-B), and half-bridge (H-B) the system. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB simulations, and the simulated performances are validated using a laboratory prototype at different output voltage and power levels. Additionally, the laboratory prototype with SiC devices has been constructed. The efficiency analysis at various loading conditions has been evaluated. Â© 2024 IEEE.
Analysis of Integrated on-Board Charger for 400 V and 800 V EV Battery Using Dual-Mode Three-Leg LLC Resonant Converter
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Vinusha, B.; Vinod, M.; Kishan, D.; Kalpana, R.
Electric vehicle technology is rapidly advancing to achieve higher power density and cost-effectiveness. On-board chargers (OBC) are evolving to support new power ratings and battery technologies, focusing on higher power and voltage capabilities to enhance power density and reduce recharge times. This paper proposes a novel three-leg LLC (TL-LLC) resonant converter for an On-board EV charger, designed to charge different EV models efficiently. By adopting a variable DC-link voltage as input, the converter tracks a wide battery voltage range, ensuring optimal efficiency. It operates in two modes: voltage doubler for 800-V charger and current doubler for 400-V charger at 10 kW power rating. MATLAB/Simulink simulations verify the converter's performance for both battery types at 10 kW power level. Â© 2024 IEEE.
Analysis of Mutual Inductance between Asymmetrical Spiral Circular Coils of WIPTS for EV Battery Charging
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020) Kishan, D.; Vinod, M.
Wireless Inductive Power Transfer System (WIPTS) for electric vehicle battery charging is an emerging technology. It enables electric power transmission without any physical connection between the transmitter coil (Tx) and receiver coil (Rx) over a certain distance. However, the power transfer capability between the wirelessly coupled inductive coils is greatly affected by mutual inductance (MI) between them. This paper presents a new analytical method based on Neumann's equation for computation of MI between the asymmetrical spiral circular coupled coils. The computed mutual inductances are validated with Finite Element Modeling (ANSYS MAXWELL) simulation results. The relative error between the analytical and FEM simulated results is negligible. Â© 2020 IEEE.
Asymmetric clamped mode control for output voltage regulation in wireless battery charging system for EV
(CRC Press, 2023) Kishan, D.; Vinod, M.; Dastagiri Reddy, B.D.; Kannan, R.
Inductive based wireless battery charging (WBC) is gaining popularity in the contemporary electric vehicle industry. As the internal resistance of the battery is continuously changing throughout the charging profile, the charging power needs to be controlled. Phase shift control is mostly used to control the power flow between the transmitter and the receiver of the resonant converter in inductive WBC. During the phase shift control, the semiconductor switches to loose zero voltage switching (ZVS) or zero current switching (ZCS), thereby impacting the efficiency of the resonant converter. To address this, an asymmetrical clamped mode control is proposed for a resonant converter in this chapter. The proposed approach ensures that the power semiconductor switches attain ZVS while meeting the charging power requirements. To validate this, a MATLAB/Simulink model of inductive WBC with the proposed control strategy is developed, and the obtained results are presented. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Dharavath Kishan, Ramani Kannan, B Dastagiri Reddy and Prajof Prabhakaran; individual chapters, the contributors.
Bipolar Duty Cycle Control for Dual Side LCC Compensated Inductive Power Transfer System for Wide Output Voltage Range
(IEEE Computer Society, 2024) Kishan, D.; Chub, A.; Vinod, M.
This paper proposes a hybrid phase shift control strategy for dual side inductor-capacitor-capacitor compensated inductive power transfer (IPT) system to achieve a wide output voltage regulation range. The first-order harmonic time domain model is used to compute the inverter output voltage. Then, models of system operation in constant voltage (CV) and constant current (CC) modes are developed to analyze the efficiency of the battery charging process. The designed controller loops are validated for a 1 kW MATLAB Simulink model. Results show that a maximum efficiency of 93.80% is achieved at full load conditions, and the proposed control strategy achieves zero voltage switching (ZVS) in more switches than the conventional control method. Â© 2024 IEEE.
Comparative Analysis of Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Phase Shift Control Strategy for Resonant Wireless Inductive Charging System
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Vinod, M.; Kishan, D.; Nagendrappa, H.; Dastagiri Reddy, B.D.
This paper describes the operation and performance analysis of series/series resonant wireless inductive charging system with symmetrical phase shift (SPS) and asymmetrical phase shift (APS) control strategies. The H-bridge inverter switches of the resonant wireless inductive charging system (RWICS) are designed to operate with zero voltage switching. The comparison of the SPS, APS switching strategies are discussed in regulation of output voltage for different loading conditions and step change in the reference voltages. It is found that the system efficiency is higher with APS control strategy. Also, the variation in pulse-width angle required for controlling the output voltage is small for various loading conditions in APS compared to the SPS. The MATLAB/Simulink Simulation results confirmed that APS control strategy provides superior performance than SPS control for different loading and different output desired conditions. Â© 2021 IEEE.
Design of Spiral Square Inductive Power Pads with Misalignment for Wireless Power Transfer System
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Vinod, M.; Kishan, D.; Nagendrappa, H.; Kannan, R.
Wireless power transfer (WPT) can find the potential applications reaching from power transfer to low power appliances to high power electric vehicle battery charging and industrial systems applications. Inductive power pads are the key components for magnetic induction based WPT systems. Hence, this paper labels the analysis of magnetic coupling characteristics of spiral square inductive pads with various misalignments. In this process the inductive power pads are designed in FEM simulation. The modelling approach is presented to calculate the coupling coefficient, self and mutual inductance of spiral square inductive pads of WPT system and also presented the power and efficiency analysis of the system. Â© 2021 IEEE.
Efficient and cost-effective wireless CC/CV charging for electric vehicles: A bipolar duty cycle approach
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Vinod, M.; Kishan, D.; Dastagiri Reddy, B.D.; Nagendrappa, N.
Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) has gained significant popularity in recent times, particularly in electric vehicle (EV) battery charging applications. To achieve optimal battery charging, it is imperative to implement both constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) modes of operation. Traditionally, CC/CV modes are attained through conventional phase shift techniques, frequency modulation schemes, the use of active converters, and additional compensator circuits and coils. However, these conventional methods not only reduce system efficiency but also escalate overall costs and control complexity on the onboard side. This article proposes a novel bipolar duty cycle control strategy for a series–series resonant IPT system, aiming to achieve CC/CV modes of operation. The proposed control strategy increases the number of switches operated with zero voltage switching, compared to other fixed-frequency phase shift control strategies across a wide load range. Furthermore, the article provides a detailed procedure for implementing the voltage and current compensator. Additionally, it describes the construction of a one-kilowatt laboratory prototype using Sic devices, presenting the obtained results. The peak measured DC–DC efficiency of 93.8 % is achieved at a distance of 150 mm, and the efficiency has also been evaluated under misalignment conditions. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Magnetic Coupling Characteristics of Spiral Square - Circular Coupled Coils for Wireless EV Battery Charging System
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020) Kishan, D.; Vinod, M.; Nagendrappa, N.
Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining continuous interest due to higher efficiency than internal combustion engine vehicles, and environmentally friendly nature. Nowadays, most of the EV uses the conductive charging method to charge the battery. Besides that, wireless inductive charging technology for EV has recently received a great attention because of the advantages such as increased user convenience and safety. In this method of charging mutual inductance between the wireless inductive coils is the crucial factor. Hence, this paper describes the mutual inductance characteristics of the transmitter with spiral square - receiver with circular (i.e., interoperability spiral square and spiral circular of coils) at various vertical distances using FEM simulations. Â© 2020 IEEE.
Primary side control strategies for battery charging regulation in wireless power transfer systems for EV applications
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Vinod, M.; Kishan, D.; Kannan, R.; Iqbal, A.; Sulthan, S.
Resonant inductive-based wireless power transfer (WPT) for battery charging has potential applications in electric vehicles (EVs). The EV battery charging process requires the regulation of both charging voltage and current. Duty ratio or frequency control is generally preferred to manage the power flow between the transmitter and receiver coils in the WPT system. In the case of WPT charging, misalignment between the coils and parameter variations are unavoidable issues that result in changes to the output power. Therefore, it is essential to control the power flow to maintain constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) modes during battery charging. To address these challenges, various primary-side control techniques, such as asymmetric clamped mode (ACM), asymmetric duty cycle (ADC), and phase-shift (PS) fixed frequency control strategies, have been proposed for WPT systems. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of these control methods, considering their output voltage ranges and their ability to maintain zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for the entire control range. Furthermore, the paper presents a generalized design for reduced-order small signal modelling, utilizing an extended describing function. The designed controller, based on small signal modelling, will undergo real-time testing to evaluate its dynamic performance in the series-series resonant converter. © 2023 The Authors. IET Power Electronics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology.
Three-Leg DC-DC Converter for Efficient Inductive Power Transfer of Electric Vehicles for Wide-Range Battery Applications
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Vinod, M.; Kishan, D.; Dastagiri Reddy, B.D.
The design of an inductive power transfer system for different electric vehicle (EV) models with widely varied battery pack voltages has been a challenging task. The majority of modern EV models are equipped with 400 or 800 V battery packs. To charge both batteries efficiently, an additional dc-dc converter on the receiver side is employed, which reduces the overall system efficiency and also increases the cost. This letter proposes a reduced switch count novel converter to charge distinct EV models without degrading the efficiency of the system. The proposed converter has two operating modes, a voltage doubler mode to charge an 800 V battery and a current doubler mode to charge a 400 V battery at the same power level. MATLAB/Simulink simulations have been carried out to verify the performance of the three-leg converter for both 400 and 800 V batteries at 7.2 kW. Furthermore, a laboratory prototype of the proposed converter for 500 W has been built using the silicon carbide (SiC) devices, and the results obtained are provided. © 1986-2012 IEEE.