Browsing by Author "Shetty, S.T."

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Characterization of the Surface Lake and Evaluation of Its Benefits on Unconfined Aquifer Interaction—A Study on Coastal Karnataka Lake, India
(Springer Nature, 2024) Shetty, S.T.; Dhumale, S.; Shetty, A.; Tola, S.Y.
Groundwater recharge is pivotal in addressing diverse water needs in rural India, like water supply, irrigation, and domestic requirements. A significant amount of recharge happens through lakes. However, minimal research has been conducted to evaluate the status of extinct lakes and their potential contributions to nearby unconfined aquifers. This study aims to bridge this gap by assessing critical aspects of groundwater recharge and investigating the role of an extinct lake in this process. Sixteen strategically positioned monitoring wells facilitated data collection, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the groundwater dynamics. The study revealed a substantial increase in built-up areas from 25.66 to 37.59% between 2004 and 2021. The rainfall-runoff relationship was found to be strong, with runoff levels varying from 703.8 to 3426 mm. Using the Korkmaz method, it was determined that around 48% of precipitation naturally replenishes unconfined aquifers. Soil samples near the monitoring wells have varying hydraulic conductivity values of 77.76 to 570.24 m/day, indicating their suitability for water storage. Lake restoration and bund construction emerge as a transformative intervention, positively influencing consistent water levels in wells, redirecting water flow, and enhancing 16.38% increased crop productivity. This emphasizes the lake’s significance in replenishing nearby wells, establishing its crucial role in groundwater recharge. These insights are vital for informed water resource management, particularly in sustaining the region’s water and agricultural needs. Understanding and harnessing the potential of extinct lakes emerge as imperative measures for ensuring long-term water security in rural India. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Community input to quantification of lake restoration benefits: a pilot study of coastal Karnataka Lake, India
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Shetty, S.T.; Shetty, A.; Varadaraj, K.S.
Lake restoration is one of the regional initiatives aimed at increasing natural resource-based livelihoods. Typically, data on lake inflows/outflows or benefits are not available. Under the circumstances, the best way to collect data is through a questionnaire survey and interviews with residents of the area. The study aims to determine the present condition of the lake and quantify the advantages of the lake on crop productivity after and before the construction of the bund. A reconnaissance investigation of the area found that the lake might have an impact within a 5 km radius. As a result, a survey was carried out within a 5 km radius. The total amount of lake water used for agriculture is 33264 mm3. The incorrect management of the lake's water has resulted in a water deficit in the study region. Consequently, residents who benefit from the lake are increasingly dependent on alternative water sources, such as wells and small ponds. As a result, the yield decreased by 20.45%. After the bund construction was built across the outflow of lake water, the profit increased by 37.88%, making more water available throughout the year. According to the study, appropriate conservation efforts require community input. Instead of focusing on high-cost technology in coastal Karnataka, this study suggests that water resource managers should restore surface water bodies, providing more water benefits for the public. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Historical water body changes using spatio temporal indices - a case study of Dakshina Kannada
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Shetty, S.T.; Kushwaha, A.; Shetty, A.
The spatiotemporal shift of surface water affects the structure, performance, and development of the ecosystem in Dakshina Kannada as well as its agricultural, economic, and social development. In order to better recognize the long-standing variations in the surface water area in Dakshina Kannada, the study used all available Landsat images, the modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to map the open-surface water from 2014 to 2020 in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform. The study looked at precipitation, temperature, and irrigated land to see how weather variation and anthropological actions affect long-standing surface water changes. The following are the outcomes. (1) The Dakshina Kannada, the extreme, periodic, and yearly average water body area values have all decreased during the last 8 years. In the meantime, the number of extreme, periodic, and lasting waterbodies has been steadily increasing. (2) The maximum water body area influences the variance of surface water area in the Dakshina Kannada, whereas the number of minimum water bodies influences the variation of water body number. (3) The area and number of water bodies are statistically significantly improved by rainfall, which also significantly improves water body area and number. The city's water surface area has changed significantly during the last 8 years, according to this study. Â© 2023